What is the origin of "Chaoshan"?

Since 2002, we have begun to collect blood samples on a large scale from healthy people born in Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and other places for more than three generations and living in Chaoshan area. Each respondent completed an informed consent form and stated that more than three generations were born and lived in the Chaoshan area. At the end of 2003, we began to conduct HLA gene research on the Chaoshan population, and thus obtained the genetic characteristics of several malignant tumors that are most likely to occur in the Chaoshan population. On this basis, we compared the genetic samples of the Chaoshan population with nine other Han ethnic groups - -Compared the genetic samples of the mainland Hokkien and mainland Hakka groups, the Taiwanese Hokkien and Taiwan Hakka groups, the Hong Kong Han group, the Singaporean Han group and the northern Chinese group, the Chinese Central Plains group and the southern Chinese group, and scientifically analyzed 10 Genetic tree of HLA A and HLA B allele frequencies in Han Chinese population. ”

The results show that among the 10 Han ethnic groups analyzed, the Chaoshan Han ethnic group has the closest genetic relationship with the mainland Han ethnic group in southern Fujian, but is significantly different from the Han ethnic group in the Central Plains and far away from it, which is not enough to confirm the " "The Chaoshan people originated from the Han people in the Central Plains".

For the calculation of the precise genetic distance between the Chaoshan people and the other nine Han groups in this research report, "We compared the genetic research conclusions of the Chaoshan people with other The HLA data of nine Han groups were compared and verified. Finally, the genetic distance between the Chaoshan group and each Han group was calculated through allele frequencies, and the final data was obtained by relying on computer statistical software. Research shows that the genetic distance between the Chaoshan population and the mainland Hokkien population is 0.0042, which means the two populations have a high degree of genetic relationship; the genetic distance between the Chaoshan population and the Central Plains population is 0.0342, which means they are far apart. "HLA gene analysis cannot yet provide genetic evidence that Chaoshan people originated from the Han people in the Central Plains.

According to literature, the ancestors of the modern Chaoshan people came from the Han people in the Central Plains. It can be traced back to about 214 BC During the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang sent troops to unify the southern region into one China. This is considered to be the beginning of the migration of the Central Plains Han people into the Chaoshan area. The second large-scale southward migration of the Central Plains Han people occurred from 265 to 316 AD. During the Western Jin Dynasty, along with the so-called Yongjia Rebellion, severe natural disasters and man-made disasters spread throughout the ancient Central Plains, forcing people to flee and move to the vast and peaceful south. During this period, Han Chinese immigrated to the Central Plains in various ways. Gradually affecting the indigenous residents in the south. Until the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the indigenous residents of the Chaoshan area were almost assimilated by the Han people in the Central Plains. It should be pointed out that from a historical perspective, the Han people in the Central Plains did not move directly into the Chaoshan area. First settled in Fujian, and then gradually moved to the Chaoshan area, because the development of the Chaoshan area lagged behind the Fujian area and there were relatively few residents. By the Ming Dynasty, all maritime trade and social interaction with foreign countries were strictly prohibited, which forced a large influx of Fujian residents. Entering the sparsely populated Chaoshan area, this is the most important mass migration of Fujian residents. The current Chaoshan and Hokkien people share the same dialects, customs and lifestyles, and even have the same religion. Faith. From the results of DNA gene analysis, the shortest genetic distance between Chaoshan people and mainland Hokkien people reflects the genetic similarity between the two groups.

"The Chaoshan people originated from the Han people in the Central Plains. Supported by historians, linguistic research, biology, social anthropology, archaeological findings, and documented genealogies, its rich historical data provide ideal clues for our genetic research.

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