What does the basic knowledge of junior middle school politics include?

1. The main contents of my country’s socialist public ownership (economy): state-owned components and collective components in ownership by the whole people (state-owned economy), collective ownership (collective economy) and mixed ownership (mixed economy)

2. The main contents of my country’s current basic economic system: public ownership [state-owned and collective components in ownership by the whole people (state-owned economy), collective ownership (collective economy) and mixed ownership (mixed economy)] and non-public ownership (Individual economy, private economy and foreign-invested economy)

3. Participants in economic activities: producers, sellers and consumers

4. Construction of socialist spiritual civilization (cultural construction )'s main content: ideological and moral construction and educational, scientific and cultural construction

Among them, the core content of socialist spiritual civilization construction (cultural construction): ideological and moral construction

5. Socialist spirit Contents of civilized construction (cultural construction) measures: protective measures and promotional measures

6. The main content of our country’s constitution: stipulates the most important and fundamental issues in all aspects of national and social life. Including the country’s fundamental system, fundamental tasks, citizens’ basic rights and obligations, state institutions and their organization and activity principles, and national symbols, etc.

7. Contents of citizens’ personal rights: right to life and health, right to portrait , right of reputation, right of honor, right of name, right of privacy, etc.

8. Citizens’ personal freedom rights are protected by law: citizens are not subject to illegal arrest and detention; citizens’ bodies are not subject to illegal searches; citizens’ Personal dignity shall not be infringed; citizens’ homes shall not be infringed; citizens’ freedom of communication and communication secrets shall be protected by law

9. Contents of legitimate rights and interests enjoyed by consumers in accordance with the law: Consumers’ personal and property safety shall not be infringed upon The right to damage and demand compensation; consumers have the right to know the true situation of goods and services, and the right to choose goods and services independently; consumers have the right to fair transactions, and the right to enjoy personal dignity and national customs and habits being respected

10. The main content of the legal rights enjoyed by workers in accordance with the law: the right to equal employment; the right to negotiate and sign a labor contract with the employer on an equal footing; the right to receive labor remuneration; the right to rest and vacation (no more than 10 days of work per day) More than 8 hours, and the average working time per week does not exceed 40 hours)

11. Types (content) of taxes in my country: value-added tax, business tax, consumption tax, resource tax, corporate income tax and personal income tax

12. Contents of citizens’ political freedom rights: Citizens have freedom of speech, press, assembly, association, procession, and demonstration

13. Contents of the conditions for legitimate defense: Only legitimate rights and interests are protected When illegal infringement occurs; the illegal infringement must be ongoing; it can only be carried out against the illegal intruder himself; legitimate defense cannot exceed the necessary limit

14. Contents of deepening education reform: Promote basic education curriculum reform, Adjust and reform the curriculum system, structure, content, and evaluation methods of educational quality of basic education

15. Types (content) of illegal acts: unconstitutional acts, civil violations, administrative violations, and criminal violations .

16. The specific content of production relations: who owns the means of production; what are people’s status and mutual relationships in production; how products (consumer goods) are distributed.

17. Contents of productivity factors: workers; production tools; labor objects.

18. The main content of "One Country, Two Systems": Under the premise of one China, the main body of the country adheres to the socialist system; Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan are inseparable parts of the Republic of China. As a special administrative region, it implements a high degree of autonomy and the original capitalist system will remain unchanged for a long time. The only person who can represent China internationally is the Communist Party of China.

19. The basic meaning (content) of the "Three Represents": always represents the requirements for the development of China's advanced productive forces; always represents the direction of China's advanced culture; always represents the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.

20. The meaning (content) of the primary stage of socialism: First, our country is already a socialist society; second, our country’s socialism is still in its primary stage.

21. The main content of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics: guided by Marxism, with the goal of cultivating citizens with ideals, morality, discipline and culture, and developing towards modernization , a national, scientific and mass socialist culture facing the world and the future.

22. The main contents of the great national spirit: unity and unity, peace-loving, hard work and courage, self-improvement

23. The main contents of the basic moral norms: patriotism and law-abiding, courtesy and integrity, unity Friendly, thrifty and self-reliant, dedicated and dedicated

24. The main contents of social ethics: being civilized and polite, helping others, caring for public property, protecting the environment, and obeying the law

25. Professional ethics Main content: love one's job, be honest and trustworthy, do things fairly, serve the masses, and contribute to society

26. The main content of family virtues: respecting the elderly and caring for the young, equality between men and women, harmony between husband and wife, diligence and thrift in housekeeping, and unity among neighbors

27. The main contents of (prosperous) cultural undertakings: the development of literature and art, press and publishing, radio, film and television and other undertakings

28. The important contents of comprehensive national strength: political power, economic power, science and technology Strength, national defense, culture and education, diplomacy, resources, etc.

Summary of junior high school political knowledge points

1. "Subject", "main", "protagonist", "leading force" "Category

1. The main state in my country's "one country, two systems" is to adhere to the socialist system.

2. The main body of my country’s basic economic system is public ownership. The main body of my country's distribution system is distribution according to work.

3. The main contradiction in our society is the contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production.

4. The main symbol of advanced productivity is science and technology.

5. Our participation in economic life is mainly reflected in daily consumption and financial management.

6. The protagonist on my country’s economic stage is the public ownership economy. The leading force in my country's national economy is the state-owned economy.

2. "Basic" Category

1. my country's basic national conditions are that our country is in the primary stage of socialism and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time.

2. my country’s basic national policies include opening up to the outside world, family planning, and environmental protection.

3. The basic policy to ultimately realize the great cause of reunification of the motherland (solve the Taiwan issue) is "one country, two systems."

4. The basic characteristics of my country’s population situation are a large population base, a large number of new people, and low population quality.

5. The party’s basic strategy for leading the people in governing the country is to govern the country according to law.

6. my country’s basic economic system is that public ownership is the mainstay and multiple ownership economies develop simultaneously.

7. The basic moral norms of citizens are patriotism and law-abiding, courtesy and integrity, unity and friendliness, diligence, thrift and self-reliance, and dedication.

8. The basic obligations that citizens must fulfill are to safeguard national security, honor and interests; to safeguard national unity and national unity.

9. The party’s basic line in the primary stage of socialism: leading and uniting the people of all ethnic groups in the country,...P37

10. The basic situation of our country’s environment: overall, The trend of deterioration of my country's ecological environment has been initially contained, and improvements have been made in some areas. However, the current environmental situation in my country is still quite severe and not optimistic.

11. The basic national conditions of my country’s resources: the total amount of natural resources is large and there are many types, but the per capita resource occupancy is small and development is difficult; development and utilization are not reasonable and scientific enough, resulting in waste, The losses were severe.

12. The "two basic points" are: adhering to the four basic principles and adhering to reform and opening up.

13. The basic experience and inevitable requirement for our country to uphold and develop socialism is: the Communist Party of China must always represent...P36

14. Implement the rule of law and build socialism The basic requirements of a legal country: there are laws to follow (legislation), laws must be followed (law-abiding), law enforcement must be strict, and violations must be investigated (law enforcement).

3. "Basic" Category

1. The basis for developing cross-Strait relations and achieving peaceful reunification: adhering to the one-China principle.

2. The communist political basis for the unity and progress of our people: the four basic principles.

3. The foundation of my country’s socialist economic system: public ownership.

4. The basic project of cultural construction: the development of education and science.

5. The foundation for developing science and technology and cultivating talents is education.

6. The material basis for human survival is natural resources. The basis for human existence is nature.

7. The basis of the national power of the people's democratic dictatorship is the alliance of workers and peasants.

8. Among material civilization, spiritual civilization, and political civilization, the development of material civilization is at the foundation.

9. The basis of national legislative activities is the Constitution. The legislative basis of ordinary laws: the Constitution

IV. "Fundamental" category

1. The fundamental task of the country is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

2. The fundamental purpose of reform is to form and... full of vitality and vitality in all aspects. (P38)

3. The fundamental interests of the people of the whole country lie in the four basic principles; the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation lie in the realization of the complete reunification of the motherland.

4. The fundamental basis of China’s development is independence and self-reliance.

5. The most fundamental undertaking of a nation is education.

6. The fundamental plan to achieve economic revitalization and socialist modernization is to develop science and technology and education.

7. Our country’s fundamental political system is the People’s Congress system. A basic political system is the system of regional ethnic autonomy.

8. Our country’s fundamental system is the socialist system.

9. The fundamental basis for governing the country according to law is the Constitution. The fundamental law of the country is the Constitution. The fundamental guideline for all organizations and individuals is the constitution.

10. The fundamental issues in national life include the nature of the country, the fundamental system, the fundamental tasks of the country, and the basic economic system.

11. The fundamental principle of socialism is equality and prosperity.

12. The first and fundamental requirement for developing socialist culture is to firmly grasp the direction of advanced culture.

13. The fundamental guarantee for the prosperity of socialist culture is to firmly grasp the direction of advanced culture.

14. The foundation for improving the comprehensive quality of the people and the comprehensive national strength of our country is the development of education and science.

15. The fundamental task of building socialist spiritual civilization (the fundamental task of developing advanced culture) is to improve the ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality of the entire nation, and to cultivate one generation after another with ideals, morality, and culture. , disciplined citizens.

16. The fundamental reason why our country is in the primary stage of socialism: the level of productivity is still relatively low.

17. The fundamental way to solve the main contradiction in our society is to focus on economic construction and vigorously develop social productivity.

18. Fundamentally consolidate and develop the socialist system: we must adhere to economic construction as the center and vigorously develop productive forces.

5. "Essence", "Essence", "Nature" Category

1. The essence (nature) of my country's reform: the self-improvement and development of socialism.

2. The essence of population issues, resource issues, and environmental issues: development issues.

3. One of the essential things of socialism is: freedom and prosperity.

4. The nature of our country: a socialist country under the people’s democratic dictatorship. The social nature of our country: socialist society.

6. The "most" category

1. The best way to unify the two sides of the Taiwan Strait: one country, two systems.

2. my country’s highest state power organ and legislative body: the National People’s Congress.

3. The greatest advantage of socialism: people are equally wealthy.

4. The most responsible people have emotions: they do not talk about the price or reward when facing responsibilities.

5. The broadest patriotic united front: all socialist workers, builders of the socialist cause, patriots who support socialism and patriots who support the reunification of the motherland, for the reunification and prosperity of the motherland. form the broadest patriotic united front.

6. The most active factor in productivity: science and technology.

7. Under the new historical conditions, the most important thing in cultivating the national spirit is to constantly add new vital content to it in line with the requirements of the times and social development.

8. The constitution has the highest legal status and validity or the most authority in the national legal system.

9. What best tests citizens’ sense of responsibility is when the country is in crisis.

7. "Concentrated" and "concentrated expression" categories:

1. Concentrated expression of social responsibility: fulfilling responsibilities without mentioning costs or rewards.

2. A concentrated expression of the advanced nature of the Communist Party of China: the important thought of "Three Represents".

3. The great practical experience of building socialism with Chinese characteristics has been concentrated on one point, which is to unswervingly adhere to the party’s basic line in the primary stage.

4. The concentrated expression of advanced productivity: science and technology.

5. The concentrated expression of the Chinese national spirit under the conditions of the new era: the Daqing spirit, the "two bombs and one satellite" spirit, the flood fighting spirit, the manned spaceflight spirit, the fighting SARS spirit, the Three Gorges immigration spirit, etc.

6. The economic component that embodies the principle of common prosperity: the collective economy.

7. Hard work is reflected in entrepreneurial spirit.

8. "Decision" Category

1. The cause that determines the future of a country and nation is: education. The career that determines people's life destiny is: education.

2. A decisive step in realizing modernization is to shift economic construction to a track that relies on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers.

3. The decisive factor in comprehensive national strength competition is: scientific and technological innovation capabilities.

4. The decisive factors of the basic economic system implemented in our country are: the nature of socialism and the national conditions in the primary stage.

5. The decisive factors of the distribution system implemented in our country are: the basic economic system.

9. "System" Category

1. Our country's fundamental system is: socialist system.

2. Our country’s fundamental political system is: the People’s Congress system.

3. One of my country’s basic political systems is: the system of regional ethnic autonomy.

4. A basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism in our country is: public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing simultaneously.

5. my country’s distribution system is: distribution according to work is the mainstay, and multiple distribution methods coexist.

6. my country’s two systems refer to: socialist system and capitalist system.

10. "Core" and "Center" categories

1. The core of socialist morality is: serving the people.

2. The core content of the basic line is: focusing on economic construction, adhering to the four basic principles, and adhering to reform and opening up.

3. The center of all work in my country’s modernization drive: economic construction. A center refers to: taking economic construction as the center.

4. The core of governing the country according to law is: governing the country according to the constitution. The core of the Chinese national spirit is patriotism.

5. The important content and central link in developing advanced culture is: strengthening the construction of socialist ideology and morality.

6. The core leadership of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the Communist Party of China.

11. "Key" Category

1. The key to controlling population growth is: having fewer children.

2. The key to solving all problems is development, that is, focusing on economic construction and vigorously developing producers.

3. What plays a key role in giving full play to the advantages of the socialist system and enhancing our country's economic strength, national defense strength and national cohesion is: the state-owned economy.

12. "Purpose", "Goal"

1. The goal determined by the basic line: to build our country into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and modern socialist country.

2. The fundamental purpose of the reform is to form a relatively mature and relatively established system in all aspects that is compatible with the basic national conditions in the primary stage of socialism, so that socialism with Chinese characteristics is full of vitality and vitality.

3. In actual work, we must firmly grasp the overall purpose: development.

4. The fundamental purpose of my country’s family planning is to control the population and improve the quality of the population.

5. The goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way: "Six more updates" in textbook P114.

6. The inevitable trend and ultimate goal of realizing communist ideals: realizing the highest ideal (communism).

13. "Principles" and "Causes" categories

1. Distribution principles in the primary stage of socialism: production factors such as labor, capital, technology and management participate in management.

2. my country’s basic principles for handling ethnic relations: ethnic equality, unity and common prosperity.

3. Four basic principles: adhere to the socialist road, adhere to the people's democratic dictatorship, adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, adhere to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the "Three Represents" Important ideas.

4. Principles for developing cross-Strait relations: adhere to the one-China principle.

5. The fundamental principle of socialism: people are equally wealthy.

6. Principles of socialist ideological and moral construction: collectivism.

7. Chinese civilization has gone through vicissitudes of life and suffered many hardships, but it has continued to endure. An important reason for its longevity is that the power of culture is deeply embedded in the vitality, creativity and cohesion of the Chinese nation.

14. "Premise" category

1. The premise of the two systems is: one China. 2. The prerequisite for reform and development: stability. 3. The prerequisite for governing the country according to law: there is a law to follow.

15. "Guarantee" and "Guarantee"

1. Political guarantee for the cause of socialist modernization: four basic principles.

2. The political guarantee and legal guarantee for the development of material civilization is: political civilization.

3. The spiritual (ideological) guarantee and spiritual motivation for the development of material civilization is: spiritual civilization.

4. An important guarantee for reform, opening up and modernization: socialist spiritual civilization.

5. The fundamental guarantee for the success of the socialist modernization drive: the correct leadership of the Communist Party of China guided by Marxism.

16. "Important" and "key" categories

1. An important guarantee for reform, opening up and modernization: socialist spiritual civilization.

2. An important goal of reform, opening up, and modernization: socialist spiritual civilization.

3. An important content and central link in the development of advanced culture: strengthening the construction of socialist ideology and morality.

4. An important part of the public economy: collective ownership.

5. The national spirit is an inseparable and important part of the life body of the Chinese nation.

6. An important part of governing the country according to law is: administration according to law.

7. An important part of the socialist market economy is: non-public economy.

8. The focus of socialist moral construction: honesty and trustworthiness.

9. An important way to achieve success: enhance one’s own strength

17. Knowledge points with “one”:

1. One center: with Economic construction as the center

2. "One country": the People's Republic of China

I. I am growing

1. Understanding myself

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Through the study of this theme, we should know how to constantly understand ourselves correctly, accept physiological changes, understand adolescent psychology; learn to regulate emotions, enhance the ability to regulate ourselves, cope with difficulties and setbacks, and form an optimistic mental state ;Learn to evaluate yourself objectively and cultivate a sound personality and good personality qualities.

1. Understand yourself objectively and correctly.

(1) To understand yourself correctly, you must look at yourself from a comprehensive and developmental perspective.

(2) To know yourself, you must know not only your external image, but also your inner qualities. A person's beauty should be the harmonious unity of outer beauty and inner beauty, and inner beauty promotes outer beauty.

(3) To know yourself, you must see both your strengths and weaknesses.

2. Correctly understand the physiological and psychological development changes of adolescence.

(1) Adolescence is a critical period of physical development in a person's life. We must correctly understand these special physiological phenomena, accept our own physiological changes, and promote the coordinated development of physiology and psychology.

(2) Adolescent psychology is full of contradictions. We must use various methods and use various forces to regulate psychological conflicts. ①Seek help from teachers, parents, relatives and friends, etc. ② You must also learn to be your own psychologist. Maintaining mental health helps us develop physically and mentally in a coordinated manner and go through adolescence smoothly.

3. Learn to regulate and control emotions and maintain an optimistic attitude.

(1) Human emotions are complex and diverse. There are four basic categories of emotions: joy, anger, sadness, and fear.

(2) Emotions are like double-edged swords. On the one hand, emotions have a positive impact on people; on the other hand, emotions also have a negative impact on people.

(3) Methods to regulate emotions: ① Attention transfer method, ② Reasonable venting method, ③ Rational control method, etc. We can use them flexibly according to different situations and personal characteristics.

4. Treat setbacks correctly.

(1) Frustration has two sides. ① On the one hand, setbacks hinder people's progress, resulting in negative psychology such as sadness, anxiety, uneasiness, and fear; ② On the other hand, they help people hone their will and increase their talents and wisdom.

(2) Methods to overcome setbacks: ① Establish correct life goals; ② Correctly understand setbacks, calmly analyze the causes of setbacks, and find effective countermeasures; ③ Stimulate the enthusiasm for exploration and innovation, and forge ahead ; ④ Learn to self-groom and be good at self-disposal; ⑤ Ask for help.

5. Sharpen your will and learn to be strong.

(1) The role of strong will: ① Being able to consciously resist the influence of bad behaviors and thoughts, making correct choices, and firming up the correct direction of life; ② Being able to overcome setbacks and hardships with tenacious spirit and perseverance. Difficulties, achieve your goals; ③ be able to form good study habits, constantly overcome the inertia in study and work, and achieve great things.

(2) Methods to sharpen a strong will: ① Set clear goals; ② Start with subtleties and small things; ③ Be good at managing yourself; ④ Be conscious and active in Train yourself in a tough environment.