What is the construction process of the space base?

Due to the limitation of the earth's atmosphere and gravity, it takes a lot of energy and risks for spacecraft to fly out of the earth. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a space base as a new starting point of the space age.

Although people have built a large space station in space near-earth orbit, it is far from enough as a space base, so people begin to pay attention to the moon again.

The distance to the moon is more than 300,000 kilometers, and modern spacecraft can reach it in just a few dozen hours. The moon has no atmosphere, and its gravity is only 1/6 of that of the earth. If a manned spacecraft or probe is launched from the moon to Mars or other planets, the energy consumed is only 1/20 of the energy consumed by launching from the earth. The communication time between the moon and the earth is also relatively short. It takes only 3 seconds to transmit information from the moon to the earth at the speed of light, and then send the corresponding command signal from the earth to the moon. So the machinery on the moon can be operated remotely by people on earth. Then build a factory on the moon, directly produce spacecraft, and use solar energy or nuclear energy to launch, which will get twice the result with half the effort and greatly accelerate the process of space exploration.

It is precisely because of the above reasons that human exploration of the moon has been hot again in the past decade. 1986, NASA submitted a report to the government and Congress, one of which was to land on the moon again in the first decade of 2 1 century. Subsequently, Japan and Europe also put forward plans to explore and develop the moon, showing the determination of mankind to return to the moon.

1990 65438+1On October 24th, Japan launched the lunar probe Tian Fei, and released the lunar orbiter in the near-moon orbit, taking photos of the moon from the orbit 1.9 thousand kilometers away, and distinguishing the storms and craters on the surface of the moon.

1994 65438+1On October 25th, the United States launched a "Clenet Ting" lunar probe. In an orbit 400 kilometers away from the surface of the moon, the moon was explored by using ultraviolet and visible light cameras and microwave beam radar imaging system in 1 1 band, and * * * took more than1million photos. This provides a reliable basis for the drawing of the moon map and the selection of the address of the "moon base".

1994 In May, led by the European Space Agency, an international large-scale seminar on conquering the moon was held in Switzerland, with the goal of returning human beings to the moon 30 years later. To this end, we should first launch a lunar satellite, use various remote sensors to find out the various mineral reserves and positions of the moon, select the appropriate area of the lunar base, especially launch a lunar polar orbiting satellite, and find out whether there is water necessary for human life in the polar regions.

1996, Japan launched the "Moon -A" probe, which was equipped with an armor-piercing bomb bay. The penetrator is equipped with a geothermal meter and a heat flow meter, which are respectively placed in the polar region and near the equator of the moon to detect the earthquake in the center of the moon, so as to find out the structure of the lunar crust.

1June 1997, the United States launched the "lunar explorer" probe and entered the polar orbit 100 km above the moon. Its main task is to find out the distribution of lunar resources, which is the key to establishing a lunar base.

A series of exploration activities opened the prelude to the establishment of the lunar base. The moon will become an outpost for mankind to March into the depths of the universe. The establishment of the lunar base will make the era of establishing a permanent space station a thing of the past. With such a base, the speed of human entering the universe will be greatly accelerated. The construction of lunar base in 2 1 century will be a great and exciting technological revolution, which will have a great and far-reaching impact on the world economy, science and technology, society and culture.

The second stage of establishing a lunar base is to establish a lunar city and realize immigration to the moon. Not long ago, NASA announced the plan to build a moon city, which is estimated to cost 654.38+00 billion US dollars.

First of all, it is planned to send some scientific and technical personnel to open temporary bases on the moon, develop lunar mineral resources and conduct smelting experiments. Then the number of temporary bases will increase from a dozen to dozens, and they will make various preparations for creating permanent bases. It is estimated that by 2007, small and medium-sized permanent bases on the moon will be put into use. The number of people moving to the moon will increase to about 100. By then, the base will take shape, with perfect production, living and entertainment facilities and sufficient material reserves. The economy will not only be self-sufficient, but also gradually "export" to the earth.

After the completion of the second phase of the plan, the number of lunar immigrants will reach 1 10,000. As the first "moon citizens", they will live in a wheel-shaped or cylindrical "moon city". The diameter of "city" is about 1 ~ 2km, just like cities on earth. Including human activities such as industrial zone, agricultural zone and living zone. From the natural environment, it has the vast majority of animals and plants on the earth, forming a pleasant and vibrant ecological environment. The moon city has a unique and special energy source-solar energy, which is a low-cost, pollution-free new energy and the basic condition for the existence and development of the moon city.

Japan has also put forward a plan to develop the moon, and plans to send six people to live on the moon within 30 years. Japanese experts said, "The vacuum, solar energy, quiet environment and natural resources on the moon are very attractive." They plan that 1999 ~ 2005 is the first stage of developing the moon. At this stage, five large rockets made in Japan will be used to launch lunar satellites and lunar probes to select the location of the lunar base. The second stage is from 2005 to 2016. At this stage, four robots will be sent to the moon by a 12 large carrier rocket, and a food and oxygen production test site will be built on the moon. The third stage is from 20 16 to 2023. At this stage, 72 rockets will be used to send the equipment needed to build the lunar base to the moon to complete the construction of the lunar base. Then a man was sent to the moon by a rocket.

"Moon City" is a world-famous "alien city" with great significance. As a space base, it can be a place for space technology research and help to speed up the pace of space exploration. For the earth with crowded population and energy shortage, it has opened up a new industrial and agricultural production base for mankind. Moon City is also an ideal "health resort". For those who love travel and adventure, "Moon City" will be the most exciting activity.