Chen's Life and Fame

Chen is written as Chen, one of the surnames of China. After the country perished, Chen Mingong's eldest son, Jane, changed her name to Yan to avoid the disaster of national subjugation, fled to (in the northeast of lankao county, Henan Province) and got married, and gave birth to two sons. The eldest son is Chen Lian, and the second is Chen Ji, both of whom are officials of the State of Qi. His descendants are Chen Ping, a famous figure in the Western Han Dynasty. Chen Mingong's second son, Quan Wen, fled to the State of Jin (present-day Shanxi), and his descendant, Chen Menglian, was named Hou Xiang of Gushi (present-day Henan), so he moved to Gushi. His sixth grandson, Chen, believed in his way, did not drive, and had good politics and no children. So he took Yingchuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty as his heir, and Chen chen, his descendant, was old and high, and sent his fifth son Xin as a guardian in the Southern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty. In Chen's early migration, another one moved to Yangcheng (now southeast of Dengfeng, Henan) because of asylum. At the end of Qin Dynasty, Chen Sheng, the first peasant uprising leader in China, was born. In the first year of Qin Ershi (the first 209 years), Chen Sheng, as the stationmaster, was ordered to lead the requisitioned people to station in Yuyang (southwest of Miyun County, Beijing). He was caught in a heavy rain on the road and couldn't arrive on time. According to the law, those who miss the deadline will be beheaded. Chen Sheng and Guangwu were forced to take risks, attacked and killed a captain who escorted the garrison, and led 900 garrison uprising. The whole world rose up and responded, and the momentum grew rapidly. When he entered Chen County, he was elected as the king by his subordinates and was named Zhang Chu, which means "Zhang Da Chu State". He sent troops to attack the city and occupied many places. Later, Qin Jun retaliated and advanced to Chen, the capital of Zhang Chu. Chen Sheng was forced to retreat with his troops. When he went to his father in the lower city (now southeast of Guoyang County, Anhui Province), he was killed by the driver Zhuang Jia. His bones were buried at the southwest foot of Mangdang Mountain in yongcheng city. After Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty, 30 households were set aside every year to guard Chen Sheng's tomb and offer sacrifices. After several generations of repairs, Chen Sheng's tomb still stands tall, surrounded by pines and cypresses. In front of the tomb, there is a tombstone inscribed by Guo Moruo, "Tomb of Chen Shengzhi, the leader of the peasant uprising at the end of Qin Dynasty", which is a key cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province. In the late Western Jin Dynasty, there were frequent civil strife in the Central Plains, and people from all walks of life fled south and moved to various provinces in the south of the Yangtze River. Some people moved to Fujian province, including Chen. Chen and Lin, Huang, Zheng, Zhan, Qiu, He and Hu were the earliest immigrants who entered Fujian from the Central Plains. The Book of Min records: "In the second year of Yongjia, the Central Plains swayed and clothes began to enter Fujian, so-called Lin, Huang, Chen, Zheng, Zhan, Qiu, He and Hu also." Immigrants from Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties In the early Tang Dynasty, Zheng Chen Chen Yuanguang family once settled in the south of Putian County, which is now Xianyou County, Putian City. Xianyou county was not established at that time. When attacking Zhangzhou, Zheng Chen and his son did not lead troops from the north to the south, but directly recruited soldiers to fight south in Quanzhou and Putian counties, and later established Zhangzhou. Such a historical account, in the Song Dynasty Xian Xi Zhi (now Xianyou County, Putian City), contains the historical data of Zheng Chen and Chen Yuanguang living in the local area. This historical data proves that Zheng Chen and his son should be the garrison leaders stationed in Quanzhou (including Putian) in the early Tang Dynasty. They come from the north, so the core of their troops should be northerners. Chen Yuanguang is fighting in Zhangzhou, recruiting soldiers to fight, and there should be many local natives under his command. In the second year of Tang Gaozong (669), the ethnic minorities in southern Fujian were in turmoil. They attacked the city and plundered the pool, beheaded and raised the flag, washed the local government to pieces, and urgent documents poured into the court like snowflakes. Hedong (now southern Hebei) Emperor Zheng Chen was appointed as the general manager of Lingnan March, with a crusade rate of more than 3,000 people. Zheng Chen was overwhelmed and had to stick to the city. When he saw that he couldn't win, he sent his brother to Gushi Martial Arts School, and met him with a surname of 58. Unexpectedly, Chen Min and Chen Fu did not adapt to the harsh climate in the town, and they died one after another. At that time, there was no master in the army, and it was a mess. When her mother Wei (said to be the younger sister of Prime Minister Emperor Taizong) joined the army, she stepped forward to command the army and was stationed in Yunxiao County, Fujian Province. In 677, Zheng Chen died, and his son Chen Yuanguang led the army instead of his father. At that time, Yuan Guang was still a 20-year-old boy. He is well-read, proficient in literature and military tactics, and commands the army with ease. After nine years of hard work, the war finally subsided. In order to develop the fertile soil of southern Fujian, he invited the court to set up Zhangzhou County to carry out large-scale economic and cultural construction. Yuan Guang took care of painting personally (b6), selected talents and talents, reclaimed wasteland, attracted refugees, built water conservancy projects, persuaded farmers to teach mulberry and set up schools, so that there was no war in Nantah and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment, which was called the Promised Land. Chen Yuanguang was later buried here. His grandparents and grandchildren have been the chief executive of Zhangzhou for a century. In the following Tianbao years (746 ~ 755), there were only a few thousand households in Zhangzhou (renamed Zhangpu County in the first year of Tianbao), and the population of Zhangzhou did not grow rapidly until the early Northern Song Dynasty. This desolate and remote place has a thriving scene. Chen Yuanguang's descendants have also thrived here, becoming local nobles, living in Raoping and Chenghai. The local people called Yuan Guang the founder of the "North Temple" and honored him as the holy king of Zhang Kai, worthy of the name. Later generations were called "Wang Sheng School", which became the most important branch of the Chen family in Fujian, Guangdong, Taiwan and Nanyang Islands. In order to show their reverence, the local people built Chenwang Temple in many places, including more than 100 in Fujian, 53 in Taiwan Province Province and more than 20 in Nanyang Islands. Several "Zhang Kai Shengwang Temples" in southern Fujian, such as Yi Yan Palace and Wei Hui Temple, are as large in scale and full of incense as some large Buddhist temples and Taoist temples in mainland China. In the mid-Tang Dynasty, Chen Yong, the son of Chen Zhong, a descendant of Chen Yan in Yingchuan, was a scholar, and the official was Prince Taifu. Due to the exclusion of Prime Minister Li, Xuanzong led his family from Jingzhao Wannian (now Chang 'an, Shaanxi) to Jiahe, Tongan, Fujian, and moved to Nanxiangshan, Zhangzhou. His son Chen Yixing was then the prime minister of Tang Wenzong. Chen is a native of Xianyou County (now Xianyou County, Putian City) and a descendant of Chen Yong. He was appointed as the military ambassador under the king of Fujian, and made great achievements with his talent and courage. After Yan Zheng's death, Chen went to Nantang and gave his son Shao Cheng as a gift. Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was very happy and appointed Chen as the secretariat of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou, in charge of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou (including Putian). The Southern Tang Dynasty was destroyed by the Northern Song Dynasty, and Chen knew that he could not compete with the Song Dynasty, so he went to court and presented Zhangzhou and Quanzhou. At this point, Fujian was all included in the land of the Song State, and was later appointed as our envoy of Wuning Army and Tongping Zhang (Prime Minister) and stayed in Bianjing (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province). Chen's two sons were appointed as the secretariat of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou respectively, and their descendants prospered. Later, it developed into an aristocratic family in Quanzhou, Putian, Zhangzhou and other places. It was called "Taifu School" by the ancestor Prince Fu, and Chen Yong was the ancestor of "South Courtyard". As early as the Han Dynasty, Chen's ancestors immigrated to Putian, which was the beginning of Chen's entry into Putian. In 3 13 AD, a man named Chen Ying came to Putian. This is the second surnamed Chen who entered Putian. In the second year of the great cause of the Sui Dynasty (6 19), a man named Chen Mai led the troops to defend Putian, and later returned to the Tang Dynasty as the magistrate of Cape County. This is the third surnamed Chen who entered Putian. During his tenure as county magistrate, Chen Mai benefited a lot. Because he loves the beautiful forests and valleys here, he settled here after becoming an official. After his death, the local people built a temple to worship. His descendants are called "Eighteen Chens" and have become a famous surname in Putian. The second batch of Chen surnames in Putian entered Putian in the Jin Dynasty. Chen ancestral home, later moved to Fujian, and his grandson Chen Bao began to live in Putian. In 6 19 AD, Chen Mai, the twelfth generation grandson of Chen Run, settled in Putian, and his son and grandson were named Yuhu and Feiqian. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Chen Yu, the younger brother of Chen Mai, settled in Fengting, Putian, and later moved to Fushan, Lingchuan, Putian County, taking Fushan Chen as his name. Chen, who lives in Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Chaozhou, Shantou, Hainan, Zhanjiang and Leizhou in Taiwan Province Province, is called "Yuhu", "Before Flying" and "Fushan", and all the couplets are sent to Putian Chen. Chen built a ancestral temple in the east of the county government, named "Chonggong Temple", and its main building still exists, retaining the architectural style of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Wang Chao, a native of Gushi (now Henan) in the Five Dynasties, served as the head of the army under Wang Xu, went to Quanzhou with the army, and later served as an observer in Fujian. After his death, his younger brother Wang Shenzhi inherited a powerful army as our ambassador. In 909, Wang was named King of Fujian. There are two military schools following Brother Wang into Fujian. The first one is Chen. According to Liu Qiu's "Chen Gong Zhen Xiang Xing", "Chen Zhixian, a native of Gushi, Gwangju, was taboo in the chaos at the end of the Tang Dynasty and entered Fujian from Wang." The Migration of Chen's Surname [Edit this paragraph] Chen's surname is the first in Guangdong, and the fifth in China in terms of population order, accounting for about 4.53% of the Han population in China. Widely distributed, except Taiwan Province Province, mostly in the south, with Guangdong as the most. Guangdong Chen's surname accounts for more than 10% of the province's population, and Guangdong, Sichuan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Henan. Chen surname is not only the most popular surname in Han nationality, but also distributed among many ethnic minorities in ancient and modern times. For example: the Xixia state-owned Chen surname established by Dangxiang Qiang in the Song Dynasty; Jin Juren, Han surname is Chen; During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chen, the deputy chief of Lin 'an Prefecture in Yunnan Province, was a Hani. There was a Manchu who lived in Shenyang and Liaoyang in the Qing Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, Koreans had a surname of Chen; Manchu entered the flag in the Qing Dynasty as a surname, and later changed to Chen; In the Qing Dynasty, the general manager of Shigu Tuba in Lijiang, Yunnan, and the local garrison in Zhongdiantang were both Chen and Tibetans. Lahu porcelain family, Han surname Chen; The headstrong people in Yunnan are Du, and the Han nationality is Chen. The Wa nationality is Simugu, and the Han nationality is Chen. The Oroqen nationality is Kagjil, and the Han nationality is Chen. Taiwan Province aborigines were forced to use Japanese surnames such as Zhiliang and Bjor. After Taiwan's recovery, it ordered the abolition of Japanese surnames, and chose, Korea, Hani, Buyi, Tujia, Mongolia, Lisu, Baoan, Dongxiang, Jing, Li, Zhuang, Dong, Miao, Yao, Yi, Hui, Tu, Bai and Bai. In addition, during the Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province, the surname of Chen in Taiwan Province Province was forced to be changed to Yingchuan, Dongdong, Dongcun, Dong Ze, Dong Tian, An Tian, Ito and Tanaka in Japan, and it was not until Taiwan Province was recovered in 1945 that the surname of Chen was ordered to be fully restored. [Edit this paragraph] The first surname in Taiwan Province Province is Chen. According to the latest statistics of the Ministry of Interior of Taiwan Province Province, there are 1989 surnames in Taiwan Province Province. The top surnames of 10 are Chen, Lin, Huang, Zhang, Li, Wang, Wu, Liu, Cai and Yang, accounting for 53% of the total population. Chen is the first surname in Taiwan Province Province, accounting for 1 1% of the total population. Except Yilan County and Yunlin County, other counties and cities are all named Chen first. Among the surnames in Taiwan Province Province, 7 1% are single surnames, accounting for 99% of the total population; 27% are compound surnames, and the top five are Zhang Jian, Ouyang,,, and Zhang Chen, with Kaohsiung County being the most distributed. The rest are three-character surnames or above. Some surnames are rare, including one, fat, head, a certain, and chicken. The media in Taiwan Province Province quoted the analysis of the Ministry of the Interior of Taiwan Province Province as saying that the reasons for these rare surnames include the differentiation of surnames, the transliteration of characters into new surnames, the use of China surnames by frontier ethnic groups, and the restoration of traditional surnames by indigenous people. [Edit this paragraph] Chen ranks first in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Hong Kong and Macao, second or third in Shanghai, third in Guangxi, second in Hainan, third in Jiangxi, fourth in Hunan, fifth in Jiangsu, Anhui and Hubei, fifth or sixth in Sichuan ... [Edit this paragraph] Changsha Chen surnamed Changsha Chen. Uncle Ming moved to Jiangzhou because of the demise of the Chen Dynasty. His ninth grandson Wang Chen moved to Yimen again. Wang Chen's seventh grandchildren are Chen Chong and Chen Duan. , Chiang Kai-shek, arise and collect contributions from Pingkou, and make General Wei Lie the governor of Tanzhou. In the second year of Tongguang (924), Chen Duan resigned in his later years and settled in Datong Hall in Wuyang Township, Changsha. When Jiangzhou Yimen was supported, Chen Duan's descendants also moved to Changsha Datang, Jinkeng Meiju, Liantian Canglang, Shuihe Li Tou, Huahui Fuchi, Sangtian Temple and Shi Tian Village. Then move to Dabutian, Tanshan, Qingshan, Yinghuochong Bridge, Changputang, Guanqiao Northwest City, Benfu Smoke Lane and Bixiang Street; Then move the water to cross the river, Huangnichong, Zhou Hu and Shaotang; Also moved to Chetiaohe, Pingtang and Qingtangwan. Now, the eighth generation grandchildren have 1 1 sons. When the house was divided, they lived in Changsha, Pingjiang, Liuyang, Xiangyin and other counties, and Changsha still ranked first. According to the genealogy of other Chen surnames in Changsha, some people say that not all Chen surnames in Changsha come from Chen Duan, some from Taihe County, Ji 'an Prefecture, Jiangxi Province, some from Renhe County, Zhejiang Province (Hangzhou City), and some from Huiji, Zhejiang Province (Shaoxing City) ... But they all come from the Chen clan, and the Wan family still has to trace their roots. [Edit this paragraph] The historical dynasty Chen (557-589 AD) abolished Emperor Liang Jingdi and established Chen Wei in 557 AD. At this time, after years of war in southern China, the economy was severely damaged. The country established on this basis is doomed to be short-lived. Chen Wudi and his successors, Wendi and Xuan Di, successively wiped out Wang Sengbian, Wang Monk and other opposition armed forces, and defeated the Beiqi army near Jiankang. Liang's rule has been consolidated to some extent, but after all, due to the decline of national strength, Chen's rule is limited to the south of the Yangtze River and the east of Yichang. In 583 AD, Emperor Chen died. His son Chen acceded to the throne. At this time, the north was unified by the Sui Dynasty, and national reunification was just around the corner. In 589 AD, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty destroyed Chen, ending the division of China for nearly 300 years. Chen Wudi Chen Baxian (503-559), Han nationality, born in Xiaruoli (now Changxing County, Zhejiang Province), was an outstanding strategist and politician. At the beginning of Liang Shi, he helped Wang Sengbian put down the rebellion in Hou Jing. In the first year of Tiancheng (A.D. 555), he killed a monk to argue, made an emperor, appointed himself prime minister, and sealed Wang Chen. After the defeat of Qi, he sent monks to argue with other people in the party, which won the support of the people. Later, he was proclaimed emperor by Zen Buddhism, and his country name was Chen. Both of them were Jiankang people, who reigned for three years and died as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Gaozu. Chen Baxian was the first emperor of the Chen Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. He was ambitious and studious. China has many feudal emperors and few wise monarchs, but Chen Baxian belongs to a generation of British lords. Thinker and writer in Southern Song Dynasty. The word tongfu, formerly known as Runeng, was later renamed.