How do American children learn English?

Compared with mathematics teaching, American public education pays more attention to mother tongue (English) teaching. Below I have collected some methods about how American children learn English, hoping to help you.

How do American children learn English? The main parts of American mother tongue teaching can be roughly divided into reading, writing, literature appreciation, old English and oral expression. At present, there are 37 states in the United States with the federal government? No child left behind? The bill stipulates the curriculum standards and unified examinations for mother tongue teaching. Therefore, the contents of mother tongue teaching in schools at all levels in China are basically the same.

The main task of mother tongue teaching in primary schools is to cultivate students' reading ability and basic writing ability. In reading ability, lower grades emphasize spelling teaching more. The United States does not teach international phonetic symbols, and the most basic reading ability begins with teaching students pinyin. The basic principle of spelling is to teach students some basic rules of the relationship between spelling and pronunciation in English (American English), so that students can read an English word when they see it. Or, if you think of a word, you can spell it regularly. In addition, by learning basic pronunciation rules, students can concentrate on learning a lot of words.

After the second grade of primary school, students have mastered about 5,000 to 6,000 English words through this pinyin teaching method, and it is no longer a problem to read some simple children's books. (interestingly, Americans? English as a second language? The teaching method is also aimed at this. New immigrants who don't know English at all can master the same number of English words in about two years after coming to the United States, and can basically read ordinary English books.

After the second grade of primary school, students have mastered about 5,000 to 6,000 English words through this pinyin teaching method, and it is no longer a problem to read some simple children's books. (interestingly, Americans? English as a second language? The teaching method is also aimed at this. New immigrants who don't know English at all can master the same number of English words in about two years after coming to the United States, and can basically read ordinary English books.

Because the first grade of primary school is a crucial year to cultivate pinyin reading ability, if students pass pinyin reading ability, they will learn to write paragraph articles from the second grade of primary school. In the second and third grades of primary school, students don't need to write the whole article, just paragraphs. It is enough to write a paragraph that can tell a story or explain a fact.

At the same time, students will be trained in reading comprehension. Reading comprehension training in primary school can be roughly divided into two stages. After pinyin reading, the first stage is decoding and understanding. Decoding is the most primitive stage. Students must be able to read every word in the sentence correctly and know the meaning of each word. However, knowing the meaning of each word does not necessarily mean understanding the meaning of the whole sentence, let alone saying the meaning of a paragraph or an article. So? Do you understand? It is to train students to understand the meaning of sentences or articles. The training of comprehension includes the understanding of sentence structure, the mastery of knowledge, the understanding of context and the mastery of reading clues. Every step involves very professional reading development theory and corresponding teaching methods. Therefore, even though English teachers in primary schools all over the United States use different textbooks, what they do in class is basically the same, because they all received the same training in reading teaching methods during their teacher license training. This stage should be completed in the second grade of primary school.

The second stage is the requirements of application, synthesis and popularization. At this stage, students promote reading to a higher level and begin to cultivate critical thinking. Are you online? Apply? On the other hand, students must be able to find the information they need through reading and then apply it to some aspects. For example, students can bake a cake by themselves, add different materials, adjust the temperature of the oven, and see instructions on how to bake the cake. Are you online? Synthetic? On the other hand, students must be able to find all kinds of information in reading, and then select useful parts for themselves and make correct judgments. For example, if you travel from A to B, you can join a train group or a plane group, and the things you see, the price, the hotel and the itinerary are different. Students must be able to find the most suitable tour group according to certain conditions (such as how much money) through analysis and synthesis after reading all the materials. Are you online? Evaluation? On the other hand, students must be able to evaluate the quality of the articles they read or the information they get from them according to their own evaluation principles or objective evaluation principles.

In middle school, although students need to read more, because reading skills have been trained in primary school, the focus of mother tongue education lies in the writing training of stereotyped writing, literary appreciation, the continuous development of old English and oral English.

In writing training, besides teaching and writing, what else does American mother tongue teaching have? Practical writing? The content of. The United States does not teach students to write notices, contracts, statements, minutes of meetings, investigation reports, news reports, IOUs, invitations, obituaries and the like. Probably this kind of thing belongs to the responsibility of lawyers in the United States, and only what lawyers write meets the legal requirements. It is not necessary and impossible for students to learn to write such professional practical writing in primary and secondary schools.

Eight-part essay writing training has been done from the first day of writing articles in senior primary schools to the last English class in universities. This is the most important part of American mother tongue education. In the past, TOEFL and other English tests for foreigners did not require writing (that is, eight-part essay writing). As a result, when China students come to the United States to study in universities, the biggest headache for university teachers is that China students can't write eight-part essay. At present, under the strong pressure of universities at all levels in the United States, the College Examinations Committee is finally forced to take eight-part essay writing as a compulsory part of the new TOEFL test, GRE test and even s at test.

How American children learn spoken English, first of all, is self-expression training. This training includes reading the text fluently; Recite articles fluently; Read aloud with expression; And finally? Explanatory oral expression? (Explanatory oral expression). What do you mean? Explanatory oral expression? Including: when students get an article, they can immediately express the author's feelings and the atmosphere of the article by reading it aloud; In addition, if it is a speech, students can fully express their thoughts and feelings in the manuscript through tone and communicate with the audience at close range; Finally, if it is a script, students can fully express the characters through oral expression; Even if you don't look at the appearance, you can know which character in the story is talking by listening to the voice.

The second is the training of oral expression in groups. This kind of training includes listening to others' speeches, summarizing others' opinions, expressing their own opinions, and verbally analyzing, evaluating and refuting others' opinions in a group environment.