Folklore and Gold Studies

Metal science is a huge subject system. Due to its historical status and the evolution of administrative regions in different eras, its constituent elements and research focus are also different. But no matter how it changes, an important content that cannot be ignored is folk culture, which is the cultural root of the ancient land of Sanjin and the long-lasting driving force of Sanjin culture.

From a historical perspective, folklore includes customs, habits, beliefs, folk literature, etc. All ethnic groups are social beings and are part of history. Among the works in the so-called "history department", there are books dedicated to the study of folk customs, and a large number of folk custom historical materials are preserved. The famous historian Bai Shouyi pointed out that we now separate folklore and history because their main research objects are different, and their research methods and tasks are also very different. Separating them is beneficial to their development. But the two cannot be completely separated. The study of history cannot be completely separated from the study of folklore. In the first half of the 20th century, many scholars used folklore theories and methods to explain some historical and cultural phenomena from the perspective of folklore. For example, Lu Xun used the custom of taking medicine during the Wei and Jin Dynasties to explain the formation of celebrities' demeanor at that time; Gu Jiegang proposed the famous "accumulation theory of ancient history" through research on the story of Meng Jiangnu; During the severe drought, he cut off his hair and claws and prayed in the forest." Wen Yiduo used the perspective of folklore to explain the myths handed down in ancient China and made great contributions to the study of ancient Chinese history. Contemporary theorists of folklore and history place great value on their collaboration. Folklorist Zhong Jingwen believes that the two disciplines can complement each other academically, and folklore materials are an important part of the category of historical materials. Historian Jiang Yihua also believes that oral history, including various memories, oral traditions and legends, is the second type of historical data. It can be seen that the close relationship between folklore and history has been recognized by both disciplines. In view of this, we should give full play to the special role and significance of folklore in the study of King.

First of all, folklore is of great significance to expanding the metallurgical information system. An important task and content of Jin research is to restore and reconstruct the past human activities in this ancient land of Shanxi, which needs to be enriched and reproduced with historical materials. For example, in the study of Yao and Shun in southern Shanxi, previous scholars mainly used existing historical documents and archaeological discoveries to construct ancient social development and historical processes, while turning a blind eye to the living oral legends spread among the people. Through the study of the "Welcoming Aunts and Empresses" ceremony in Hongdong, Shanxi Province, folklore researchers analyzed how local people historically ranked the legends of Yao, Shun, and others, and transformed geographical relationships into blood relationships through legends. In addition, a large number of legends confirm and supplement the historical events and political culture recorded in the written documents of the legends of Yao and Shun. The famous British historian Collingwood said: "The entire perceptible world is in principle the historian's potential and evidence. As long as he can make use of it, it becomes actual evidence." Folklore, of course Including, but in the past people had a misunderstanding about folklore: because folklore is passed down in non-verbal or unofficial forms or exists in people's daily life, many of them are not included in the literature. Traditionally in history, it is believed that if one does not enter into “literature”, one cannot enter into “history”. In fact, whether any form of historical data can enter history does not depend on whether it is included in "documents", but on whether it can correctly reflect objective historical facts and answer historical questions. Therefore, in future research on the above topics, scholars should pay attention to the living oral legends and people's memories circulated among the people in today's society, and further expand and enrich the scope of historical materials. In addition, compared with other historical materials, these materials are characterized by vivid and detailed images. Applying it to relevant research can not only make up for the shortcomings of the so-called "official history" historical materials in the past, but also allow us to feel and peek into the vivid life history of the people who once lived in this area, making our research more complete and more comprehensive. Close to the historical truth.

Second, the influence of folk consciousness in folklore on the study of King Jin. Folklore mainly studies cultural phenomena in people's daily lives. It includes customs and habits in people's daily life, production and interactions, with the focus on people. However, past history has always focused on the historical activities of "official" or "upper-class" influential people, while the history of civil society life and culture in various periods is almost blank. The historians are also aware of this problem. They have put forward the slogan of "landing the people", trying to move away from the previous "political history", "court history" and "elite history" to pay attention to the people and value the people. Under the control of this concept, folklore attaches great importance to human history, which has attracted the attention of many scholars in the field of history and coincides with the trend of world history. European and American scholars began to pay attention to the study of people's ideological world in the 1960s and 1970s. In the 1990s, European and American scholars cooperated with the field of Chinese folklore to study the historical development of folk yangko and folk opera as well as people's views on history. This trend had a significant impact on the research on Shanxi immigration, water conservancy, and folk literature and art during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the study of Shanxi social history, folklore scholars have studied the legend of "dividing water" in Jinci Temple, Taiyuan Jiexiuyuan, and Guangsheng Temple, and analyzed the social system, national system, and community relations in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Sociologists have revealed the basic laws and overall characteristics of the social development and changes in the spring area by analyzing the water dispute legend, origin god belief and water control issues of Jiexiu Hongshan Spring. Their study provides an analytical tool with typological significance for the study of similar areas in China.

The fields of folklore and sociology conducted empirical research on the immigration issue in Shanxi, exploring the integration of immigrant folklore, ideas and existing social issues. Folk Literature and Art provides an in-depth analysis of folk operas and Jinzhong Yangge that run through people's lives, and explores the conditions and ideological basis for their inheritance in rural society, providing an effective way to understand people's lives and thoughts. Relatively speaking, metallurgical research lags behind. Future metallurgical research should absorb this research orientation, learn from successful research cases in social history, folklore and folk literature and art, and deepen the study of social life history and popular ideological history.

Finally, draw on the academic vision of folklore to promote the further development of King studies. Folklore is based on the folklore that exists in people's real life, focusing on the investigation and collection of existing folklore materials, and then tracing its historical origins and evolution; its research aims to explain and explain the existing folklore. Ancient Chinese civilization is an important topic in Shanxi history and folklore research. However, folklore focuses on the ancient emperors Huangdi, Yandi, Houji, etc. Because a large number of existing folk customs are inseparable from people's daily lives. They "live" among the people through legends and rituals, and have become the key to exploring the cultural process and cultural spirit of Shanxi and even the entire Chinese nation. In the study of the Jin Dynasty, we can draw on this "modern studies" research perspective to further expand the research field on customs and customs in a certain historical period, such as food, clothing, housing and transportation, weddings and funerals, social etiquette, moral beliefs, etc. While giving full play to the advantages of history, we should focus on exploring its practical significance, develop Jiatang.comacz0, and make due contributions to the construction and development of Shanxi's culturally powerful province.

In short, as far as folklore is concerned, folklore itself, the folk consciousness of folklore, and the academic vision of folklore have significance and role in promoting and deepening the development of gold studies.