The origin or story of ancient poetry

at the end of the Qin dynasty, there was chaos in the world, and the heroes rose together. After years of fighting, Liu Bang came from behind, defeated Xiang Yu and won the world. But a few days later, Ying Bu, the king of Huainan, rebelled, and the military situation was extremely prosperous. Liu Bang had to go out in person. On the way back to the Victory Dynasty, Liu Bang went back to Pei County, his hometown, and spent more than ten days catching up with his former friends and neighbors. Once at a lively banquet, thinking of the safety of the world, Liu Bang sang sadly:

The wind rises in cloud flying, and

Wei Jia goes home in the sea.

Andrew's brave men are eager to defend the four sides!

"The wind is blowing and the clouds are flying" is a metaphor for the chaos in the world, and sometimes it also refers to the injury caused by touching the scene.

(from History of Han O Emperor Gao Ji)

Material 2:

Gong Zizhen was born in Renhe (now Hangzhou), Zhejiang Province in the late Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. In Gong Zizhen's time, the Qing Dynasty began to decline rapidly, with polarization between the rich and the poor, social problems and crises. Gong Zizhen advocated that immigrants should open up wasteland in Xinjiang to develop the western economy and consolidate the frontier defense (Proposal on Setting up a Travel in the Western Regions). Write to Lin Zexu, hoping to ban opium. In the 19th year of Daoguang, on the eve of the Opium War, Gong Zizhen had to abandon his post and leave Beijing for the south because he offended the Minister of Military Aircraft Mu Zhang 'a.

When Gong Zizhen passed by Zhenjiang in the south, he saw a sea of people in the street, and it was very lively: people were carrying the Jade Emperor, Fengshen and Raytheon to worship devoutly. At this time, someone recognized Gong Zizhen. A Taoist priest immediately begged Gong Zizhen to write a eulogy. Gong Zizhen wrote with a pen: "Kyushu is angry with the wind and thunder, and it is sad for thousands of horses to study in secret; "I advise God to get back on his feet and drop talents without sticking to one pattern." It's really sad that China relies on thunderous changes to have vitality. I hope God will cheer up again, don't stick to the routine and give us useful talents. ) "eclectic" means not limited to one specification or way.

(from Jihai Miscellaneous Poems)

Material 3:

After a long period of hard work and the assistance of a large number of good ministers and sages such as Yao Chong and Song Jing, Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, started a 3-year-old Kaiyuan prosperity-the world is peaceful, the people are happy, and all directions come to the DPRK. However, after entering the Tianbao period, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty began to be content with pleasure, ignoring state affairs, and re-using treacherous court officials such as Li Linfu and Yang Guozhong. At the same time, because of his great ambition, he was keen on the policy of expanding the territory and militarising the army, and the Tang Dynasty set up our time in the border areas and stationed heavy troops. Later, the number of our troops and border troops increased. By the first year of Tianbao, the number of our troops had increased to 1, and the number of troops had increased to 49,. The huge number of troops consumed a lot of financial and material resources of the country, and there was hidden anxiety in the society.

Du Fu was deeply worried about the fate of the country when he saw the recruits of "till dust shall have buried the bridge beyond Chang'an" leaving for the front, and his parents and wife "they run with you, crying, they tug at your sleeves". He wrote:

Bow should be used as a strength, and arrow should be used as a length;

shoot the horse first, and catch the thief first.

Killing people is limited, and countries have their own borders.

if you can control the invasion of the mausoleum, how can you kill more people?

however, because people speak lightly, no one listens to him. A few years later, the "An Shi Rebellion" broke out, and the Tang Dynasty almost collapsed, and the Tang Dynasty went into decline.

"Catch the thief first and get the king first" is a metaphor. You must first grasp the key in doing things.

(from "The Fortress before" 6)

Material 4:

In the 13th year of Jian 'an, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, Sun Quan and Liu Bei joined forces to defeat the powerful Cao Cao in Chibi by fire, thus establishing a tripartite confrontation among the three countries. More than 6 years later, Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty, walking in this ancient battlefield, has not felt the tension of the coming war. The poet lamented that time played tricks on people, and wrote this poem "Red Cliff":

The lost halberd sank the sand and iron was not sold,

I learned from the past.

East wind is not convenient for Zhou Lang,

Bronze finches sell well in Er Qiao in spring.

"To defeat a halberd and sink a sand" describes a heavy failure.

(from Du Mu's Red Cliff)

Material 5:

Lu You (AD 1125-121), a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Because of his insistence on resisting gold, Lu You was repeatedly attacked by the peace faction. In 1166 AD, 42-year-old Lu You was removed from office. There was no way to serve the country, and Lu You returned to his hometown of Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) with full of grief and indignation. He shut himself up at home all day reading, often sitting alone late at night with the blue light.

in April of the following year, drums and whistles were played everywhere in the countryside to prepare for the Spring Festival (the day of offering sacrifices to the land gods), and there was a happy atmosphere. Lu you suddenly wanted to see the western hills twenty miles away. So he set off with a walking stick. Walking, the mountain road gradually circled. After walking for more than an hour, the population gradually became scarce. When he climbed a slope and looked around, the mountains in front were heavy and the roads were cut off, as if he could not go any further. Lu You was in a strong interest and refused to turn back. He walked dozens of steps along the hillside and turned the corner of the mountain. Suddenly, not far ahead, an empty valley appeared, and a small village was hidden among green liuhonghua, like the legendary Peach Blossom Garden. Lu You was very happy and walked into this small village. The villagers with simple clothes and pure temperament entertained the guest with their own wine.

With this unforgettable experience and feeling, Lu You got back on his feet. I wrote "A Tour of Shanxi Village":

Don't laugh at the farmer's wine and wine,

Stay in the good year with enough chickens and dolphins.

There is no way for mountains and rivers to return to doubt,

There is another village with a bright future.

The flute and drum are close to the Spring Club,

The clothes are simple and ancient.

from now on, if you are allowed to take a leisurely ride on the moon,

I will knock on the door with my cane all night.

"A bright future will come out" means that things that are deadlocked suddenly take a turn for the better.

(from Lu You's poem You Shan Xi Cun)

Material 6:

Liu Yuxi (772-842) was a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. Affected by Wang Shuwen's "Yongzhen Innovation", he was demoted to Langzhou (Changzhou, Hunan) as Sima in 85. Nine years later, Liu Yuxi, who was in his forties, was recalled to Chang 'an. I heard that the thousands of peach blossoms in Xuanduguan are very beautiful, so I went to watch them with my friends and wrote a poem entitled "Wandering in Xuanduguan": "The world of mortals is full of flowers, and everyone can't help but see the flowers coming back. "There are thousands of peach trees in Xuandu, and all of them were planted after Liu Lang left." Because of this poem, he was demoted to Bozhou (Zunyi, Guizhou) as a secretariat, later changed to Lianzhou (Lianxian, Guangdong) as a secretariat, and transferred to Kuikui (Fengjie, Sichuan) and Hezhou (Hexian, Anhui), and later dismissed. Fourteen years later, Liu Yuxi was recalled to Chang 'an again. At that time, the excitement of Xuandu was gone: thousands of peach blossoms were gone, only a few cauliflowers on the moss swayed in the spring breeze.

The poet was deeply moved, and wrote a poem "Visit the Xuandu again": "Half of a hundred acres of courtyards are covered with moss, and peach blossoms are all in bloom. Where do the Taoists return? Liu Lang came again today! "

"former Liu Lang" means that people will come again when they go.

Material 7:

Qian Kang and Qi Ji were both monks in the Tang Dynasty. When Qi Ji was in Daolin Temple in Xiangxi, Qian Kang went to meet with him. The master said, "The people who associate with my master are all people who can write poems. Please write a quatrain as a thorn." Qian Kang said:

The world of mortals across the bank is as busy as fire, while the porch is as cold as ice.

brew tea boy Hugh asked each other, reporting that there was a stubborn monk in front of the door.

Main idea of the poem:

People in the world of mortals across the bank are busy,

People in front of the temple in the mountains treat people coldly.

The boy who cooks tea, please don't give me any more trouble.

Just say that the visitor at the door is a poor monk.

Qi Ji was overjoyed and treated Qian Kang as a guest of honor every day.

People derive the idiom "Watching the fire from the other shore", which means watching others busy across the river, and watching the excitement without helping others in their distress. It means something completely different.

(from Sun Tao's The Continuation of All Tang Poems)

Material 8:

Born in the weak and poor Southern Song Dynasty, Lu Yousheng devoted his life to restoring the Central Plains. However, due to the great influence of the peace faction at that time, Lu You was excluded. At the age of 3, he was removed from the examination of the Ministry of rites, and was removed from office at the age of 42. At the age of forty-six, Lu You went to Shu to serve as a judge in Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Sichuan). One year later, at the request of Wang Yan, the ambassador of Sichuan Xuanfu, he entered the curtain to handle military affairs, which made Lu You very excited, because the ambassador of Sichuan Xuanfu was stationed in Nanzheng (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi), which was the front line against gold. Wang Yan is the leader of the anti-Japanese war faction. Lu You took an active part in military life, released his horse and traveled all over the front line of Nanzheng, offering suggestions for the Northern Expedition. However, a few months later, Wang Yan was recalled, the shogunate was dissolved, and Lu You was transferred back to Chengdu to be an idle member of the Senate. This was really unbearable for Lu You, who dreamed of "fighting an iron horse". He wrote in the poem "Hakka Sorrow":

Riding out on horseback has no purpose, and he is worried about being invaded by guests.

white hair is in decline, and yellow curls are empty and painstaking.

general idea:

riding out without knowing where to go,

coming back and sitting in the house, homesickness gradually surges.

The face is haggard, the hair is gray, and the physical strength declines.

Only the yellow-rolled blue lamp makes people forget their troubles.

The ancient book "Yellow Volume Blue Lantern" was written on yellow paper, and the oil lamp gave off blue light. Describe the lonely life of reading late at night.

(from Lu You's Poem O of Jian Nan (Excerpt))

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