Anhui Guangshui immigrants

Jianghuai, as its name implies, refers to the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, that is, Huaihe River Basin and Yangtze River Basin. China has been divided into north and south since ancient times, with Jianghuai living in it, and between Jianghuai, climate products, language customs and characteristics also live in the north and south. As the saying goes, "oranges cross the Huaihe River, and the north is bitter orange", which should be due to the geographical environment. Influenced by the northern and southern dialects, politics, economy and culture, it gradually evolved into the Jianghuai dialect area, including Jiangsu, most of Anhui and parts of Hubei.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Chu had a great influence. Chu launched the Wu War, during which the languages and cultures of the two countries merged to some extent. Later, the center of Chu moved eastward to Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province), and Chu dialect had a great influence on Jianghuai area.

It was in the Ming Dynasty that Jianghuai dialect really took shape and had a wide influence. At that time, Nanjing dialect in Jianghuai area was the economic and political center of the country, so Nanjing dialect replaced the status of Mandarin. In addition, in the early Ming Dynasty, the official book Hongwu Zheng Yun based on Nanjing dialect was published nationwide, and Nanjing dialect spread in this area and became the "national language" at that time. Jianghuai dialect takes Yangzhou dialect and Nanjing dialect as "national languages" and began to influence Anhui and Jiangsu provinces. Today, Nanjing dialect still plays an important role in China language.

Jianghuai Mandarin is popular in most areas of Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi and Henan, represented by Ning and Yang dialects, which are Hong Chao films. Let me talk about the yellow films of Jianghuai Mandarin popular in Hubei. Huang Xiao film is Huanggang Xiaogan area, and the dialect of Huang Xiao film is definitely not unique to Huanggang Xiaogan, but mainly concentrated in this area.

There are also small yellow dialects in southern Xinyang and eastern Anqing, Henan. The formation of Huang Xiao's films has a great relationship with Jiangxi immigrants in the Song Dynasty, which is the beginning of the influence of Jiangxi immigrants on eastern Hubei, and the immigrants in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty have the greatest influence. At that time, the establishment of Huangzhou Prefecture and De 'an Prefecture formed the administrative structure at that time and laid the foundation for the distribution of dialects today.

Like Huguang films in Southwest Mandarin, Huang Xiao films are also designed in dozens of counties and cities. Now Huangxiao film can be divided into three small pieces, namely Huangzhou film (Huangzhou film, Macheng film, Yingshan film, Luotian film, Xishui film, Tuanfeng film, Ezhou film, Huangshi film, Qichun film, Xunyang film, Suixi film, Chaisang film and Anqing film).

Tongcheng and so on. ) and Xiaogan films (Xiaonan, Anlu, Yingcheng, Yunmeng, Huangpi, Xinzhou, Guangshui, Dawu, Xiaochang, Hongan and Huangxiao in Shaanxi and Henan). ) and Huangmei tablets (Huangmei, Wuxue, Huaining, Qianshan, Yuexi, Ruichang, etc. ) and Huangzhou tablets are distributed in Dabie Mountain, and Xiaogan tablets are distributed around Wuhan. There are also several small yellow dialect islands in northwest Hubei.

Most dialects of Huang Xiao can communicate normally, and the gap between dialects is relatively small, because they are not in the same language family as other dialects, so it is difficult to understand. Huangmeiwu point in the south of Huanggang is adjacent to Jiangxi Gan dialect and influenced by it, which makes the local dialect a mixed dialect of the two, and it is difficult for Huang Xiaopian people to understand what they are saying. Jianghuai dialect is a weak language in Hubei. Jianghuai dialects in Huangpi and Xinzhou have been seriously eroded by southwest Mandarin, represented by Wuhan. In recent years, the number of Jianghuai Mandarin used in Hubei has decreased, which is also related to the strength of Wuhan dialect.