The founding of the state of Israel and the four Middle East wars?

Middle East War

First Middle East War 1948

Second Middle East War 1956

Third Middle East War 1967 Year

The Fourth Middle East War in 1973

The Fifth Middle East War in 1982

Historical Background

In 3000 BC, the Jews Their ancestors settled in Palestine. After the first century, the Roman Empire invaded and the Jews dispersed around the world. Since then, Palestine has been inhabited by Arabs. At the end of the 19th century, large numbers of Jews immigrated to Palestine in preparation for restoration. In 1947, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution stipulating the establishment of two independent states, Arab and Israeli, in Palestine. The Jews agreed to this resolution and established the State of Israel in 1948. The Arabs opposed the resolution and did not establish an Arab state. As a result, four Arab-Israeli wars occurred. Israel has successively occupied all the territory that should belong to the Arab state.

Taken from "http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89"

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The Middle East is the customary name used by Western countries for Eastern countries such as Egypt in West Asia and North Africa that are closer to Europe. The so-called "Middle East War" refers to the large-scale war between Arab countries and Israel in the Middle East from 1948 to 1982. This was the longest war after the Second World War. Arab countries refer to countries where the Arab ethnic group makes up the majority, mainly distributed in the Middle East in Asia and northern Africa. Israel is a country founded by the Jews. The dispute between the Arab world and Israel has a long history. Historically, both the Arab and Jewish nations have established states in Palestine (located between the Mediterranean Sea, the Dead Sea, and the Jordan River). In the 30th century BC, the Canaanites who originally lived in the Arabian Peninsula moved to the coastal and plain areas of Palestine to settle. In the 13th century BC, the Hebrews, the ancestors of the Jews, conquered the Canaanites and established the Hebrew Kingdom in Palestine. Since then, Palestine has been conquered by foreign nations such as the Persian Empire, Greece, Rome and Turkey, and the Jews were forced to live all over the world. At the end of the 19th century, the Zionist movement emerged, advocating that Jews scattered around the world could return to Palestine and establish a Jewish-majority country. When Britain occupied Palestine in 1917, there were 660,000 Arabs and only 90,000 Jews in the area. However, Britain and the United States tried their best to support the Zionist movement in order to control the Palestinian area and the Suez River. Under their planning, Jews who had settled all over the world immigrated to Palestine in large numbers. Since then, the conflicts between the Arab and Israeli ethnic groups have deepened day by day, and bloody incidents have continued to occur. On November 29, 1947, the United Nations General Assembly, controlled by the United States and Britain, passed a resolution to establish an Arab state and a Jewish state in Palestine, and to divide Jerusalem between the two countries. The Arab world widely opposed this resolution, did not establish an Arab state, and firmly opposed the Jewish state. Founding of the country. On May 14, 1949, the Jews announced the establishment of the State of Israel in Palestine. On May 15, the Arab countries fought the first Middle East war with Israel. As a result, the Arab countries lost. Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon successively signed armistices with Israel. agreement. After the war ended, many problems were left behind, which gradually led to the second, third, fourth, and fifth Middle East wars. It was not until 1989 that the "Palestinian State" was finally established, and the Middle East issue, especially the issue of Palestinian statehood, came to an end.

The First Middle East War

Also known as the "Palestinian War". At midnight on May 14, 1948, despite the opposition of Arab countries and with the support of the United States and Britain, Israel established itself as a state in accordance with United Nations resolutions, arousing strong opposition from Arab countries. In the early morning of the next day, five countries, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq, declared war on Israel. The war lasted on and off for more than nine months. Under the mediation of the United Nations, a comprehensive armistice was reached on July 20, 1949. Through this war, Israel occupied 4/5 of Palestinian land, covering 20,700 square kilometers, which is 6,700 square kilometers larger than the area of ??the Jewish state stipulated in United Nations resolutions, and expelled 960,000 Palestinians. The war left behind "border issues" and "refugee issues", laying the seeds for another war to break out in the future.

The Second Middle East War

Also known as the Suez Canal War. On July 26, 1956, the Egyptian government announced that it would nationalize the Suez Canal from the hands of the British and French colonialists. On November 29 of the same year, Israel, instigated by Britain and France, invaded Egypt's Sinai Peninsula. On the 31st, Britain and France launched an attack on Egypt under the pretext of "protecting the freedom and safety of navigation in the canal." With the solidarity and support of people around the world, the Egyptian military and civilians put up tenacious resistance. Regarding this war, there were conflicts between the United States, Britain and France. The British and French troops withdrew from Egyptian territory on December 22, and the Israeli troops did not withdraw from Egypt until March 1957. The war ended with the defeat of the invaders.

The Third Middle East War

Also known as the June 5th War. After the second Middle East war, Israel was unwilling to fail and was constantly looking for opportunities to retaliate. Egyptian President Nasser was a little careless in the face of victory. In addition, he was deceived by the Soviet Union and failed to remain vigilant towards Israel. On June 5, 1967, Israel, with the support of the United States and under the pretext of Egypt's blockade of the Gulf of Aqaba, suddenly launched attacks on Egypt, Syria and Jordan. In a large-scale air raid by the Israeli Air Force, nearly 300 Egyptian combat aircraft were destroyed on the ground. The Egyptian army lost the cover of its air force and suffered heavy losses from the Israeli army. Then, under sudden attacks by the Israeli air force, a large number of aircraft were damaged in Syria and Jordan, and the army also suffered successive defeats. The Arab people's war against aggression suffered serious setbacks. On June 7 and 8, the United Nations Security Council passed resolutions twice, forcing Egypt, Syria, and Jordan to accept an unconditional "ceasefire" despite losing large areas of territory. During the six-day war, Israel occupied the West Bank, the Jordanian District of Jerusalem, the Gaza Strip, the Golan Heights in Syria, and the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, forcing 500,000 Arabs to become refugees.

The Fourth Middle East War

Also known as the "October War" or "Ramadan War" and "Yom Kippur War". On October 6, 1973, in order to recover the lost ground in the June 5th War, Egypt and Syria concentrated 510,000 ground troops and the main naval and air forces to attack the Sinai Peninsula (Western Front) and the Golan Heights (Northern Front) occupied by the Israeli army respectively. Launch a surprise attack. The Egyptian army crossed the Suez Canal that day, destroyed the Israeli "Bar-Lev" defense line on the 8th, and recovered the lost ground of the army. The Syrian army also once reached Lake Tiberias. Faced with the unfavorable situation in the early stages of the war, Israel quickly mobilized its reserve forces, increasing its total strength to 400,000. Determined to focus on the northern front first, concentrate on using the main force of the air force to carry out air strikes on the Syrian army positions, and transfer three divisions to counterattack. After fierce fighting, the Syrian army was quickly defeated. Then on the 16th, the Israeli army concentrated its forces and moved to the west. The Israeli reconnaissance commandos disguised themselves as Egyptian troops and penetrated deep into the Egyptian army's rear. They wreaked havoc on the Egyptian Sam-6 anti-aircraft missile positions and opened up an air corridor for the Israeli air force. The Israeli follow-up troops took the opportunity to pass through. Canal, established a bridgehead on the west bank, and invaded the hinterland of Egypt, forming an encirclement situation against the Egyptian 3rd Army, and the war situation suddenly reversed. On October 22, the United Nations Security Council passed a resolution requiring both sides to cease fire on the spot. Egypt, Israel, and Syria agreed to a ceasefire on the 22nd and 24th, respectively. Since then, two disengagement agreements in Sinai have been signed.

The Fifth Middle East War

Also known as the Israeli invasion of Lebanon. On June 6, 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon by land, air and sea under the pretext of attacking the Palestine Liberation Organization. By June 11, the Israeli army occupied 2,800 square kilometers of Lebanese land south of the international highway from Beirut to Damascus. All the Palestine Liberation Organization's bases in this area were destroyed, and the main force of the armed forces also suffered heavy losses. The Syrian army stationed in the Bekaa Valley was also hit hard by the Israeli Air Force, and its SAM missile facilities and air force suffered heavy losses. On June 11, Syria and Israel reached a ceasefire agreement. Then, Israel mobilized heavy troops to encircle and attack the western district of Beirut, where the PLO headquarters is located, for more than two months. Later, under the mediation of the United Nations and the supervision of the peacekeeping forces, the PLO headquarters and its more than 10,000 armed personnel were They had to withdraw from Beirut and dispersed to 8 Arab countries including Tunisia. More than 1,000 Syrian troops in Beirut also withdrew at the same time.