Why is Putian also called Puyang? Someone told me that the word "Yang" stands for Luoyang, which was taken by immigrants here to commemorate Luoyang. Is that so?

Cultural relics such as stone tablets, cliff carvings and calligraphy works of historical celebrities are historical witnesses left over by various historical dynasties, which can confirm or correct the mistakes and deficiencies recorded in ancient and modern cultural and historical materials. This paper intends to cite some stone tablets, cliff stone carvings and calligraphy works of historical celebrities to research the origin, initial dynasty and geographical scope of the name "Puyang" in order to correct some wrong expressions or misunderstandings.

The origin of Puyang's name

Where does the word "Yang" in Puyang come from? "Yin and Yang are used in counties" in Rongzhai Essays written by Hong Mai, a famous scholar in the Song Dynasty. The explanation of "Yang" is as follows: "Shan Zhinan is Yang, the north of the water is Yang, and the story of Gu Liang is also written. If the mountain is in the north and the water is in the south, it is cloudy, so the county and place name are commonly used ... "There was a large area of Meizhou Bay in the south of Putian and Xianyou counties, and it was mountainous in the north. Putian and Xianyou counties are located in the north of Meizhou Bay and in the south of overlapping mountains, which completely conforms to the statement that "Shan Zhinan is the Yang, and the north of the water is the Yang" in Guliang Biography. It can be seen that the name "Puyang" is named after the geographical location of Putian and Xianyou. Puyang refers to Putian and Xianyou counties, not just Putian county.

The name of Puyang began in the Tang Dynasty.

At one time, most people thought that the name "Puyang" was first seen in Cai Xiang's famous "Luoyang Bridge Monument" in the fifth year of Song Jiayou (1060), with the signature "Puyang Cai Xiang". However, Cai Xiang signed Puyang earlier than this. For example, Cai Xiang's "Shui Qian Fu" is signed: "Li Qing's three-year (1043) autumn and September book, Puyang Cai Xiang." (See Pei Jingfu's Record of Zhuang Calligraphy and Painting, Volume III); "Poem on the East Wall of Zhong Hui" is signed as: "February 20th, four years in Xiangyang, Cai Xiang (1044)." (See Zheng's Poems in Qing Dynasty, Volume II).

According to the Records of Fujian History edited by Zhu Gejin and Yin, Wang Shenluan, the younger brother of Fujian King, died on February 10th, the first year of Jian 'an (904). On November 15th, the fourth year of Tang Tianyou (907), in the first year of Putian in the Tang Dynasty (894), Jinshi wrote an inscription for Wang Shenluan, saying, "Zuo Sanqi was a constant servant and an ancient scholar in the Tang Dynasty, and he knew everything about Quanzhou, Dr. Zi Guanglu, the three ministers of school workers and soldiers, Zuo Servant Shooting, the founding son of Ye Lang County, the seal of Situ and the name of the founding of the country. Xiu Zhilang, a scholar of Gan Ning, and Xu Yin of Puyang, secretary of provincial orthography, wrote an article ... ". This inscription shows that the name "Puyang" began at least in the Tang Dynasty. Xu Yin called himself "Puyang" earlier than Cai Xiang called himself 153 years, that is to say, the name "Puyang" existed before Cai Xiang was born. Therefore, the first appearance of the name "Puyang" in Cai Xiang's signature is obviously wrong.

The geographical scope of Puyang

In the eighth year of Song Tiansheng (1030), the scholar Cai Xiang moved to the south of Putian. Cai Xiang's calligraphy and inscriptions are often labeled as "Puyang Cai Xiang" and sometimes as "Putian Cai Xiang", so most people think that "Puyang" is another name, pronoun and elegant name of "Putian". 1986, The Grand View of China Famous Places Couplets published by Huangshan Bookstore introduced Beijing's "Pu Yang Tang Jing Xian Tang Lian" and "Pu Yang Tang Xiang Xian Ci Lian", and the annotation of "Pu Yang" was: "Pu Yang is another name of Putian in Fujian today." On September 25th, 1993, Meizhou Daily published an article entitled "What is Putian called" Puyang "? It says, "Puyang is a substitute for Putian". 1994 The new edition of Putian County Records, Organization and Subordination published by Zhonghua Book Company records: "Putian was called Putian in ancient times, also known as Pu Zhong and Puyang". From June, 5438 to February, 2002, some scholars described "Puyang" as "another name of Putian" in an article in the second issue of Putian History Research. The above examples show that people often mistake "Puyang" for another name, pronoun or elegant name of Putian County, that is, Xianyou County is excluded from the geographical scope of Puyang.

Li, a famous local chronicler in Song Dynasty and a native of Putian, recorded the historical events in Putian, Xianyou and Xinghua with the title "Biyi, Puyang". This strongly proves that in the Song Dynasty, "Puyang" included Putian County, Xianyou County and Xinghua County. In other words, the geographical scope of "Puyang" included the entire Xinghua Army at that time. According to the current words, "Puyang" refers to the counties and districts within the administrative area of Putian City. Pay special attention to historical figures who call themselves "Puyang". Some of them were born in Putian County, and some were born in Xianyou County.

Putian people who call themselves "Puyang" include (Tang), (Song), Lin Binzhi, Fang Fang and (Qing) Lin Hao. The second chapter of Cliff Stone Carvings in Fuzhou, edited by the famous scholar Mr. Huang Rongchun, records the following three cliff stone carvings: First, there is a cliff stone carving in Longtouquan, Gushan, Fuzhou, with the inscription: "Pu Mi was a master, Jane Shen Dao, Huang Yingxi said, Zhende Xiujingyuan, Qingyuan left a message to celebrate the New Year (65438+) was born in Putian, son of Song Dynasty. Secondly, there is a cliff stone carving in Shimen, Gushan, which reads: "The rooftop should be rewarded with the qualities of Maobo, Jian 'anhuan and Puyang, and swim with the cold food in the spring outing (1246)". Character Lin Binzhi is from Putian. Duanping was buried in the second year (1235). Thirdly, there is a cliff stone carving in front of Zuao Bridge in Gushan Mountain, and the inscription reads: "Come to visit the martial arts god in spring (1248), and you can often visit Fan Shi in Puyang tomorrow ..." Fang is from Putian. Jia was a scholar for two years (1238).

1984, the famous seal engraver Lin Hao in Qing Dynasty was introduced in Calligraphy (No.35) published by Shanghai Calligraphy and Painting Publishing House. He carved a seal with Shoushan stone in white, with the inscription: "The Seal of Crane in Puyang", in order to remember his first hometown-Putian County.

Cai Xiang's poems on the East Wall of Zhong Hui and the monument of Luoyang Bridge are all inscribed: "Puyang Cai Xiang". In addition, in Hui Zhen Palace, Tai 'an City, Shandong Province, there is the Hui Zhen Palace Monument inscribed by Cai Xiang, which was engraved on March 4, the fifth year of Song Jiayou (1060) with the inscription "Puyang Cai Xiang"; Liu's epitaph, which exists in the stele gallery of Tianqun Temple in Yushan, Fuzhou, was engraved on April 19th in the 6th year of Song Jiayou (106 1), and was also written by Cai Xiang, with the inscription "Puyang Cai Xiang".

As we all know, Cai Xiang's native place is Xianyou, not Putian, but why should the department allocate funds to "Puyang Cai Xiang"? Explain that although Cai Xiang was a Xianyou, he later moved to the south of Putian and became a Putian native, so he was called "Puyang Cai Xiang"; Because Cai Xiang loves Putian, he even declared his native place as "Putian Cai Xiang". (1) Cai Xiang's "Thirty-two Postscripts of True Poems at Sowing Meeting" was signed: "Five years of Jiayou (1060) studied in Cai Xiang, Putian." (See Chen Peiren's "A Brief Introduction to the Golden Stone in Fujian" in the Qing Dynasty, Volume III). (2) The inscription "Song Ta Yan Lu Gong Shu Hua Yan Tie" reads: "Putian Cai Xiang." (See Yu Ming Fengqing Painting and Calligraphy Inscription, Volume 1). (3) "Seventy Poems of Cai Mojun in Five Words" is signed: "Futian Cai Xiang." (See Wu Qizhen's Painting and Calligraphy in Qing Dynasty, Volume 5). "Futian" here is "Putian". Because the words "Fu" and "Pu" are interlinked, Wen Zhiming, a famous painter and calligrapher in Ming Dynasty, wrote a book "Fu Tian Ji", and the article "Wen Zhiming" in the etymology was also recorded as "Putian Ji". (4) Volume 7 of the Qing Dynasty's "Xinghua Prefecture Putian County Records" records: "Cai Xiang Mo Jun, a former resident of Xianyou, moved to the south of Putian in Cai Xiang, named Cai Zhai, a native of Putian." The author thinks that Xianyou is the first hometown of Cai Xiang and Putian is the second hometown of Cai Xiang. But Cai Xiang used "Puyang" or "Putian" as his donation instead of "Xianyou Cai Xiang", not because he moved to Putian, but because the name "Puyang" itself contained the meanings of Putian and Xianyou counties.

Cai Bian (Cai Jing's younger brother) and Chen Juemin were born in Xianyou. Although they did not move to Putian, they also called themselves "Puyang", indicating that the administrative area referred to by "Puyang" included Xianyou County. 1990, The Dictionary of China Calligraphy and Seal Carving published by Hunan Education Publishing House records that the inscription of Lengga Jing was written by Cai Bian, a traveler of Song Dynasty, and it was embedded in the wall of the Royal Temple of Lingyan Temple in Jinan, Shandong Province, and was signed as "Cai Bian Book of Puyang on December 13th, the second year of Fuyuan in Songshan, Henan Province (1099)".

The famous scholar Huang Rongchun's "Fuzhou Cliff Stone Carving" contains in the first chapter: There is a cliff stone carving in Tianxiangtai, Wu Shishan, Fuzhou, engraved with "On August 22nd, the fifth year of Yuan You (1090), the official commander Wen led Dongyang Chen Kai, Zhu Song, Puyang Zheng Lingqing, Chen Juemin and went hand in hand. Huang Rongchun's note: "Zheng Lingqing, a native of Putian, was a scholar in the eighth year of Jiayou (1063). Chen Juemin, Daye, Xianyou. In the ninth year of Xining (1076), he was a scholar and learned about Jianyang County, Yuan You. Chongning for four years (1 105), I learned about Fuzhou through scattered lang. Guo Xu, a native of Putian, studied in Yuan You for three years (1088) and knew Chaoyang County. The records in Bishi of Puyang, Song People of Xinghua House Ruled by Eight People, Xianyou County Records of Xinghua House with Shu Minying's Nine Records, Xianyou County Records of Qinglong County in Qinggan, Renshi and Fengjie, the Republic Edition of Chinese Names Dictionary and the newly compiled Xianyou County Records and Renshi Table have all been confirmed.