Where is the ancestral home of Ninghua Hakka?

The ancestral home of the Hakkas in Shibi, Ninghua County, Fujian Province is 22 kilometers west of the city, at the eastern foot of Wuyishan at the junction of Fujian and Jiangxi, Shibi Village. "There are big locust trees in the north and Shibi Village in the south", and Shibi is the cradle and ancestral home of Hakka people. According to the genealogy of He family in China, He Ziyuan, a veteran of the Revolution of 1911 and the founder of modern education in China, is the 19 grandson of the ancestor Nian Shiro (Yuanmeigong) of Kai He. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, whenever Tomb-Sweeping Day and Chung Yeung Festival are held, He descendants and other representatives of Hakka descendants living in Chaomei will travel across mountains and rivers to the "stone wall" of Hakka ancestral home to seek their roots and worship their ancestors.

According to historians' research, since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, a large number of Han families in the Central Plains moved south in China due to wars, famines, military disasters and government incentives. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the Han people in the Central Plains who went south once gathered in Shibi. The ancient stone wall is an open basin surrounded by mountains, where the soil is fertile and the forest is dense. Looking from a height, it looks like a green barrier, so the ancient stone wall is called "Jade Screen". In this "safe haven", the Han people who moved south reclaimed land, colonized, lived and multiplied, and constantly interacted with the local aborigines, which gave birth to a profound Hakka culture, formed a unique Hakka, and created a Hakka spirit of perseverance and hard work. From then on, this group of Hakkas and their descendants took this place as a new starting point, took solid steps, traveled all over the South China and the Central Plains, and then crossed the ocean and rushed to five continents and four oceans. Today, there are 654.38+0.2 billion Hakka descendants in more than 80 countries and regions around the world. One third of the Chinese in Hong Kong are Hakkas, and one fifth to one quarter of the population in Taiwan Province Province are Hakkas. On the mainland, in addition to Fujian, Jiangxi and Guangdong provinces, there are also a considerable number of Hakkas in Hunan, Guangxi and Sichuan provinces. There are many Hakkas overseas, in Southeast Asian countries, Australia, the United States and Canada. Most Hakkas in the world claim that their first ancestor came from Shibi, Ninghua, which has become the ancestral home of Hakkas in the world and the birthplace of Hakka culture.

Hakkas are a branch of the Han nationality and belong to the Han nationality in the Central Plains. Due to the war, a large number of Han people in the Central Plains left their homes and moved to the border areas of Fujian and Jiangxi centered on Shibi in Ninghua. At that time, Hakkas living in Ninghua or Shibi came from more than 50 counties in 8 provinces, which also showed that they were scattered before Ninghua and did not form a special ethnic group. There are two main reasons why Hakkas gather in Ninghua (Shibi) from all directions: First, natural conditions. Shibi is a flat basin with an area of 200 square kilometers. Fertile land provides excellent conditions for life. The mainstream of Hakka comes from Jiangxi, and Wuyishan is at the junction of Fujian and Jiangxi. The pass from Shicheng to Shibi is lower than other passes at the junction of Fujian and Jiangxi, with convenient transportation. Ninghua is the source of Minjiang River, Ganjiang River and Hanjiang River, with convenient waterway transportation. The second is artificial conditions. Ninghua, especially Shibi, was developed earlier. Before the Southern Song Dynasty, there was no war and the society was stable. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Huang Chao's army entered Fujian and Guangdong from Jiangxi and Zhejiang, turned around in Jiangxi, but did not enter Ninghua, which became a "paradise". As Chen Yundong of Taiwan Province said in the book Hakka Dialect: "Ninghua, Fujian, bordering on Gannan and surrounded by mountains in the northwest, is like a paradise, especially the safest refuge at that time, so this group of refugees moved to Ninghua as the most." Hakkas who moved in with Shibi as the center have lived and multiplied in a stable environment for hundreds of years. They combined the culture and language of the Han nationality in the Central Plains with the local culture and language, and produced a culture and language that not only retained the ancient features of the Central Plains but also had new changes. It is different from other ethnic groups of Han nationality and is called Hakka culture and Hakka dialect, which also forms Hakka ethnic group. According to textual research, the Hakka clan was formed in the Song Dynasty. Ninghua is a Hakka area. She not only has typical Hakka culture and language, but also many of them were formed in Ninghua and spread to other Hakka areas. The territory of Ninghua clearly reflects the phenomenon of Hakka culture and language connecting the past with the future. Ninghua (or Shibi) is not only called "the center of Hakka formation", but also called "the cradle of Hakka culture and language".

According to historical records, Hakka ancestors who once settled in Shibi (or other places in Ninghua) had more than 130 surnames. Their descendants are based around the world, with outstanding talents, pioneering spirit and brilliant achievements. Hakkas are famous for their traditional virtues of loving their country and their hometown, pursuing the future cautiously and respecting their ancestors. Since the reform and opening up, there has been an upsurge of "Hakka seeking roots" overseas. Since the completion of the Hakka ancestral hall in 1995, the "World Hakka Stone Wall Sacrifice Ceremony" has been held every year, and 10 is designated as the "ancestor worship month" every year. During the ancestor worship ceremony, many domestic and foreign guests traveled thousands of miles to find their roots, gathered in the stone wall to worship their ancestors and participated in the grand ancestor worship ceremony, including five procedures: birthday sacrifice, sacrifice ceremony, music and dance, master of ceremonies and ceremonies. Then check the genealogy and other historical materials, taste Hakka winemakers, enjoy Hakka folk songs, dances and other artistic performances. The ancestor worship ceremony was solemn. Shek Pik Hakka Ancestral Temple Scenic Area * * received 270,000 tourists from 19 provinces, municipalities directly under the central government, autonomous regions and 24 overseas countries and regions, including 207 overseas root-seeking and ancestor worship groups and more than 80 overseas Hakka groups. Shek Pik Hakka ancestral home has increasingly become a pilgrimage center for Hakkas all over the world.

Shibi Town: Shibi Town is located in the west of Ninghua County, 7 kilometers away from the county seat/kloc-0. It was called Yuping in ancient times, and it was renamed Shibi in the middle of Tang Dynasty. The whole town covers an area of 136.5 square kilometers, with cultivated land area of 3 1900 mu and forest land area of148,700 mu. It has jurisdiction over 22 administrative villages, 1 neighborhood committee and 242 villagers' groups with a total population of 37,266. The town government is located in Hekou village. Shibi Town is a famous Hakka ancestral home at home and abroad. Since 1995, more than 100 world Hakka stone wall ancestor worship ceremonies from five continents have been successfully held.