The Philippines couldn't even beat the guerrillas, and was beaten by 100 people. Why did you actively participate in the Korean War?

Philippines, a country willing to shed blood for the United States.

1On June 25th, 950, the gunfire on the Korean peninsula shocked the whole world. The new international order was just established after the Second World War. How is North Korea broken? With the Soviet Union deliberately absent from the UN Security Council, on July 7, the United States established the so-called "United Nations Army" under the authorization of the UN Security Council, and the commander in chief was General douglas macarthur of the United States.

As we all know, the so-called "United Nations Army" is composed of 15 countries plus South Korea, among which three Asian countries participate, namely the Philippines, Thailand and Turkey. Britain is a good friend of America. Naturally, it was the first to answer the call. Unexpectedly, the Philippine army turned out to be the first United Nations army to reach the Korean battlefield except Britain and the United States. Why is the Philippines so active in the war? You know, when the Korean War broke out, the Philippines was only independent for four years, and the total strength of the country was only over 30,000. However, during the three-year Korean War, the Philippines dispatched more than 7,400 people, accounting for 20% of the total force.

This paper mainly discusses the following issues:

The Special Relationship between the Philippines and the United States

Why did you actively participate in the Korean War?

What is the outcome of the Philippine "war army"?

The Philippine Islands, located in the southeast of China, have lived in peace for thousands of years. Although no country has unified the Philippine Islands, there has been no foreign invasion. It was not until 1390 that immigrants from Sumatra established the first country in Philippine history-Sulu Sultanate.

152 1 year, Magellan discovered the Philippine Islands and gradually brought the Philippines into the global system. From 65438 to 0565, Spanish colonists from Mexico began to colonize the Philippines and named the Philippine Islands after the Spanish king. Although the Philippine Islands do not produce any gold and silver, its superior geographical position enables Spain to make a difference by relying on the "Manila galleon trade" between China, Manila and Mexico as a middleman. Manila has been prosperous for 300 years, but not only Spain, but also the United States has taken a fancy to the Philippine Islands.

After the rise of the second industrial revolution, the United States became the world's largest economic power, but this is very inconsistent with its status as a zero colony overseas. After all, it was an era of looking at faces. Even small countries like Belgium and the Netherlands have huge colonies overseas. Few colonies support themselves. How can they become global powers?

Counting the European powers, the United States decided to take Spain to practice. Who let it raise many colonies in front of its own house? 1898 on the evening of February 15, the USS Maine, which was on a "goodwill visit" to Havana, Cuba, suddenly exploded, killing 164 people and injuring 100 people.

It doesn't matter who sank the Maine, because it was bombed in a Spanish colony, and this crime must be counted on Spain. When the United States dragged the Maine to the Atlantic Ocean and sank it, it finally "died without telling the truth" and the United States declared war on Spain.

How can a declining European aristocrat be an emerging American rival? Only three months after the war, Spain expressed its willingness to cede territory for peace. The Philippine Islands, close to Southeast Asia and China, is the only place for the United States to enter Southeast Asia, and its strategic position is extremely important.

With the signing of the Paris Peace Treaty between the United States and Spain in February 1898, the Philippine Islands were "transferred" to the United States by Spain for $20 million. Although it was bought at a high price, the United States did not cherish it. After getting the body of the Philippines, the United States, which lifted its trousers, was disgusted with the insatiable faces of Filipinos. First, it restricted the number of Filipinos who immigrated to the United States every year. Later, in 1934, the Philippine Independence Act was promulgated, directly requiring the Philippines to become independent after 10.

After World War II, although the Filipino people were reluctant, the United States was really unwilling to adopt itself and was forced to stand on its own feet. Although the Philippines has achieved independent status, its ties with the United States cannot be completely cut off, and many Filipinos are still running around to join the United States. 197 1 year, former Philippine lawmakers launched the campaign of "Philippines becoming a state of the United States", which was supported by 1 10,000 Filipinos. Even today in the 2 1 century, this slogan still has a market. In the Philippine 20 16 presidential election, a candidate became the 560th person to promote the United States. This shows that the relationship between the United States and the Philippines is extraordinary.

Although the Philippines achieved independence after World War II, the Philippine government was deeply disturbed both at home and abroad.

Internal: After more than three years of war, the Philippines is in a hurry, and only through economic assistance from the United States and compensation for losses in World War II can it tide over the difficulties. However, the domestic linkage problem has not been eradicated. "Hook" is the abbreviation of a people's anti-Japanese army established by the Filipino people under the leadership of the Communist Party of the Philippines during World War II. The Philippine army has never been able to eradicate this guerrilla-sized anti-government army. From 1948 to 1950, Hooke movement even entered an active period. The Philippines alone cannot solve the Hooke problem, and it must rely on the protection of the United States. However, the United States is unwilling to interfere in the internal affairs of the Philippines. The vague attitude of the United States has made the Philippines very worried about whether it will be abandoned by the United States.

Exterior: With the victory of Chinese mainland's War of Liberation, in order to contain China, the attitude of the United States towards Japan has undergone a fundamental change. From containment to support, the assistance received from the United States even surpassed its own, which made the Philippines emotionally unacceptable, and secondly, it was afraid that its position in the hearts of the United States would be reduced or even abandoned.

In East Asia and Southeast Asia, not only did China's * * * production party win, but both North Korea and North Vietnam were controlled by the * * * production party. Associated with the Hooke Movement in the Philippines, the Philippines is worried about the spread of * * * productism to China day and night, so it is an inevitable choice for the Philippines to participate in the Korean War.

The purpose of the Philippines is very simple, that is, to tie itself to the chariot of the United States and urge the United States to incorporate the Philippines into its own defense system. After the Philippines entered the war, the United States finally changed its attitude towards the Philippines. 195 1 year, the us-Philippines defense treaty was signed. According to this treaty, the United States and the United States have reached an alliance: in the Pacific Ocean, the two countries will take actions to deal with the same dangers as armed attacks on either side's territory and its troops, ships or aircraft in the Pacific Ocean.

1950165438+10, the United States also announced its strategic goal for the Philippines, doing its utmost to ensure the effectiveness of political, economic and financial reforms in the Philippines, making the Philippines a "stable and sustained pro-American" government, giving it appropriate economic assistance, and even sending troops to stop it when necessary.

Under the slogan of "respecting democracy" and "defending South Korea", on August 7th, Philippine President Quirino made a decision to send troops to North Korea to "resist North Korea and help South Korea". 1950 September19, after four days of sea voyage, the Philippine 10 United1367th man arrived in Busan, South Korea.

1In August, 950, Rizal Memorial Stadium in Manila, Philippines was packed with people, and 50,000 people attended the farewell ceremony for the Philippine army to leave for the Korean Peninsula. Philippine President Aquinas delivered a speech: "You are the first army to go abroad with the national flag, fighting for freedom, and every peso spent on you is for permanent freedom and democracy."

On September 16, the Philippine 1st 10 Wing boarded a US Navy transport ship and sailed for the Korean Peninsula.

The 1st 10 Wing is the only well-trained armored force in the Philippines and the elite of the Philippine Army. Under the command of Colonel Ajulin, the wing has three infantry companies, 1 artillery company, 1 reconnaissance company and 1 tank company, with a total of 1 367 personnel.

The 10 wing is equipped with M24, M 18 tanks and M4 Sherman tanks with good performance, which is the mainstream equipment of the US military in active service. M24 was the most advanced light tank during World War II. It can be seen that the Philippines spent a lot of money to earn a few more dollars for itself in order to perform on the Korean battlefield.

The Philippine army, as the first "United Nations Army" unit to arrive in the Korean battlefield, received a high-standard reception from South Korea, especially the Korean War History compiled by South Korea. What is the performance of defeating the Korean People's Army with one enemy and one hundred in a row? Of course, the first game in the Philippines was not bad. After 10 days of training and consolidation, the Philippine army sent troops to the north and Sichuan to wipe out the Korean guerrillas. In the battle between Umidong and Xinye Town, the Philippine army defeated two battalions of the Korean People's Army.

But in fact, the so-called elite Philippine army is also the guerrilla level. According to the Korean war history, when the Philippines wiped out the Korean People's Army guerrillas in Yindian on June 1950+0 12, although it wiped out 12 people, it was forced to clean up the battlefield due to the stubborn resistance of the remaining forces.

Because the Philippine army has never had a chance to exchange fire with the volunteers, it feels good about itself and thinks it can fight alone. However, the Philippine army barely survived the cold winter on the Korean peninsula. The winter in 1950 is particularly cold, which is unbearable not only for volunteer soldiers, but also for Philippine troops from tropical islands.

Before entering the war, MacArthur shouted to end the Korean War before Thanksgiving. After being hit by the first battle of the volunteers, MacArthur tried to end the battle before Christmas. Such slogans not only confuse the US military, but also confuse the Philippine army. The Philippines did not prepare winter clothes for the 10 United front at all. The commander of the Philippine army asked the American army to provide winter clothes, but under the attack of the second campaign of the Volunteers, the American army suffered an unprecedented defeat in the history of the American army, and did not care whether the Philippine army could put on winter clothes or not, and even dismissed Ajulin. As the saying goes, it is better to ask for yourself than to ask for others. The Philippine army turned to China for help, and it was also through fundraising in the Philippines that it collected the winter clothes of the expeditionary force.

Just after the cold winter, the Philippine army is ready to move, always looking for opportunities to exchange fire with the volunteers, and always doing odd jobs for the US military, which makes them very unhappy. 1951April, the Philippine army was attached to the 65th regiment of the US Army. In the battle of Fuluodong, the Philippine army finally got the opportunity to confront the volunteers.

On April 22nd, the 58th Division of the Volunteers fought with the 65th Regiment of the U.S. Army in Frodo Cave, under the cover of the Philippine 10 Wing, the Turkish Brigade and the Puerto Rican Battalion respectively. During the battle, the 65th regiment, the Turkish brigade and the Puerto Rican battalion were defeated by the volunteers, and the Philippine army was forced to face the volunteers. At the critical moment when the whole army was about to be wiped out, the Philippine tank company launched a counterattack under the leadership of company commander Jaap, which bought time for other Philippine troops to escape from the encirclement. In the end, the company commander Yapu and dozens of soldiers died. After the war, Yapu was awarded the highest honor "Medal of Courage" by the Philippine government.

The performance of the Philippine tank company made the Philippine army think that it was enough to fight against the volunteers on its own. Fuluodong's defeat was completely dragged down by the US military and the Turkish brigade.

The Philippines' dream of going it alone finally came on July 14. In the fifth battle of Shaping, the volunteers pretended to be defeated. Seeing the small number of volunteers, the Philippine army thought it could take advantage, so it ignored the opposition of the US military and insisted on pursuing it. Finally, more than 65,438+000 people from three platoons were ambushed by volunteers. After a brief exchange of fire, 49 Philippine troops were killed, 12 was captured, and many other soldiers were injured. Since then, the remaining Philippine troops have never dared to carry out combat missions alone, even the task of cleaning up the battlefield, which shows how scared and collapsed Filipino soldiers are.

By September, 195 1, the first anniversary of the Philippines' war, more than 100 people had been killed and captured by the Philippines. This is the most elite unit in the Philippines. If it is completely reimbursed in the Korean War, it cannot be explained. Besides, the tenth wing is afraid to fight now. In order to explain to the domestic and American forces, the Philippines will change the 20th Wing to 1400. It was not until June 1955 that the last batch of members of the Philippine Expeditionary Force returned to the Philippines, and the Philippine expedition to Korea was completely ended. A total of 468 people were killed, injured, missing and captured, including 1 12 people.

It is worth mentioning that Philippine 12 President fidel ramos also participated in the Philippine Expeditionary Force. Later, the Philippines pieced together more than 200 people to participate in the Vietnam War. Ramos, the head of "Vietnamese Philippine Folk Activity Group", won the Philippine presidential election in 1992.

As a result of participating in the Korean War, the Philippine media proudly claimed that as a member of the "United Nations Army", the Philippines was the only country except Thailand that sent troops to the Korean Peninsula.

Although fighting is amateur and guerrillas at home and abroad can't handle it, the Philippine army is serious when it is funny.