What does Halloween represent?

What are the customs of Halloween?

October 31st every year is the traditional Western "Ghost Festival" - Halloween. However, the atmosphere of this day is far from as "creepy" as its name sounds. Whenever Halloween comes, children will eagerly put on colorful costumes and strange masks, carry a "jack o'lantern" and go from house to house, asking for holiday gifts from adults. The most well-known symbols of Halloween are these two - the bizarre "jack o'lantern" and the "trick-or-treat" prank.

The origin of Halloween

There are many versions of the legend about the origin of Halloween. The most common belief is that it originated from the ancient Western European countries before the birth of Christ, mainly including Ireland, Scotland and Wales. . The ancient Western Europeans in these places were called Druids. The Druids' New Year is on November 1st. On New Year's Eve, the Druids ask young people to gather in groups, wearing various weird masks and carrying carved carrot lanterns (pumpkin lanterns are a later custom in ancient Western Europe). There were no pumpkins at first) and they wandered among the villages. This was actually an autumn harvest celebration at the time; it was also said to be the "Ghost Festival". Legend has it that the souls of people who died that year would visit the world on the eve of Halloween. It is said that people should let the visiting ghosts see the perfect harvest and present it to the ghosts. Give a hearty treat. All bonfires and lights are there to scare away ghosts, but also to illuminate the route for ghosts to guide them back.

In Central Europe in the Middle Ages, there was a history of Christianity destroying pagans. However, the sacrificial celebrations before New Year's Eve have never really been eliminated, but appear in the form of witchcraft. This is why our current Halloween still has traces of witches' brooms, black cats, spells and so on.

The origin of the word "Halloween"

Many ethnic groups have celebrations and gatherings on Halloween, so this day is also called "All Hallow E'en", "The Eve of All" Hallows," "Hallow e'en," or "The eve of All Saints' Day." Eventually the convention evolved into "Halloween", which was translated into Chinese as Halloween night.

The legend of Halloween

Halloween means "Holy Night". Today, Halloween has become one of the most popular and popular holidays of the year, celebrated by many players with great enthusiasm.

Halloween is on October 31st. It is actually a festival that praises autumn, just like May Day is a festival that praises spring. The Druids, the priests of ancient Gaul, Britain and Ireland, had a grand festival to praise autumn, which started at midnight on October 31st and lasted for a whole day until November 1st the next day. They believe that on that night, their great god of death, Saman, will summon all the ghosts of those who died that year, and these evil ghosts will be punished by being reborn as animals. Of course, just the thought of such a spooky gathering was enough to scare the simple-minded ignorant people at that time. So they lit a bonfire that reached into the sky and closely monitored these evil spirits.

This is how the idea that witches and ghosts were everywhere on Halloween began. There are still people in some isolated areas of Europe who believe this to be true.

Across Europe today, people regard All Hallows' Eve as an opportunity to have fun, tell ghost stories and scare each other. So people no longer use this festival just to praise the autumn scenery, but turn it into a real "carnival". And facial makeup is one of the traditional Halloween programs.

Halloween customs

An interesting part of Halloween is "trick or treat". This custom did not originate from Ireland, but began in the European Christian Church in the ninth century AD. At that time, November 2 was called “ALL SOULS DAY” by Christians. On this day, believers trek through remote countryside, going from village to house begging for "soul cakes" made of flour and raisins. It is said that the families who donated the cakes believed in the prayers of the church monks and expected to receive God's protection and allow their deceased relatives to enter heaven as soon as possible. This tradition of begging from house to house has evolved into a game in which children carry pumpkin lanterns and beg for sweets from house to house. When they met, the children dressed up as ghosts and elves always threatened to "make trouble if you don't ask for food." Naturally, the host did not dare to neglect, and kept saying "Please eat! Please eat!" while putting candies into the children's hands. Carry it in the large pocket.

There are also carved pumpkins used as lanterns...>>

What is Halloween? What are its themes and symbols?

Halloween Eve originated from a traditional festival of the British Celts. On the last day of October, they believed that it was the end of summer and the beginning of winter. This day is an important symbol of the year and one of the most important festivals. It is known as It is called "the Day of the Dead" or "Ghost Festival". Symbols: Pumpkins, Jack-O-Lanterns

What do Halloween pumpkins symbolize?

Halloween originated from celebrations related to evil ghosts, so witches, ghosts, and goblins riding broomsticks and skeletons are symbols of Halloween.

Bats, owls, and other nocturnal animals are also common symbols of Halloween. At first, these animals were considered very scary because they were believed to be able to communicate with the ghosts of the dead.

Black cats are also a symbol of Halloween and have certain religious origins. Black cats are believed to be reincarnated and have the power to predict the future. In the Middle Ages, people believed that witches could turn into black cats, so when people saw a black cat, they thought it was a witch in disguise. These symbols are popular choices for Halloween costumes and are often used as decorations on greeting cards or windows.

Black is a traditional Halloween color, probably because various Halloween traditions or rituals are held at night.

The pumpkin is also an iconic symbol of Halloween. Pumpkins are orange, so orange has become a traditional Halloween color. Carving jack-o'-lanterns out of pumpkins is a Halloween tradition that also dates back to Ireland. Legend has it that a man named Jack was so stingy that he could not enter heaven after death, and he could not enter hell because he made fun of the devil. Therefore, he could only wander around with a lantern until the Day of Judgment. As a result, Jack and the jack-o'-lantern became symbols of the cursed wandering soul. In order to scare away these wandering spirits on Halloween, people carved scary faces out of turnips, beets or potatoes to represent Jack with a lantern. This is the origin of Jack-o'-lantern. When the Irish moved to America, they began carving pumpkins because pumpkins were more plentiful than turnips in the fall. Now, if people hang jack-o'-lanterns in their windows on Halloween night, it's a sign that people dressed in Halloween costumes can knock on the door and trick-or-treat for candy.

What zodiac sign does Halloween represent?

Among the people, there is a widespread belief that silverware can detect poison. As early as Song Ci, a famous forensic scientist in the Song Dynasty, there was a record of using silver needles for autopsy in "The Collection of Cleansing Wrongs". To this day, some people still often use silver chopsticks to test whether food is poisonous. There is a traditional concept that silverware can detect poisons, which was also used as a criterion for forensic examination at that time. Can silverware really be tested for poison? The poison that the ancients referred to mainly refers to the highly toxic arsenic, that is, arsenic trioxide. The ancient production technology was backward, resulting in arsenic being accompanied by a small amount of sulfur and sulfide. The sulfur contained in it can react chemically when it comes into contact with silver, causing a layer of black "silver sulfide" to be generated on the surface of the silver needle. In modern times, the technology for producing arsenic is much more advanced than in ancient times. The extraction is very pure and no longer Contains sulfur and sulfides. Silver metal is chemically stable and does not react with arsenic under normal conditions. It can be seen that the ancient people's use of silverware to test for drugs was limited by history and science. Some items are not toxic, but contain a lot of sulfur, such as egg yolks, and silver needles will turn black when removed. On the contrary, some items are very poisonous but do not contain sulfur, such as toadstools, nitrites, pesticides, rat poison, cyanide, etc. Silver needles will not react black when they come into contact with them. Therefore, silver needles cannot identify poisons, let alone be used as a tool for drug testing. Although silver cannot detect poison, it can disinfect it. As little as 50 millionths of a milligram of silver ions per liter of water can kill most bacteria in the water. The principle is that silver can form positively charged ions in water, which can adsorb bacteria in the water and gradually enter the bacteria, closing and inactivating their catalyst-carboxylic acid system, causing the bacteria to lose their metabolic ability and die. Therefore, it is still very beneficial to use silver as bowls and chopsticks in daily life.

What does the Halloween pumpkin lantern mean?

There are also many legends about pumpkins. The Jack-O-Lantern, also known as Pumpkin Lantern, originated in Ireland. Legend has it that a man named Stingy Jack in Ireland invited the devil to drink one day. Since he had no money to pay the bill after drinking, he persuaded the devil to turn into sixpence to pay for the drink. However, Jack did not use it to pay for the drink. Instead, he used A piece of silver paper restrained the devil so that he could not come out. Later, the devil promised Jack not to scare him for a whole year, and Jack let the devil out. The devil appeared again on Halloween the next year, and promised not to harass Jack for another year, but before the year was over, Jack died. After death, heaven did not accept him because he was very stingy; hell did not accept him because he teased the devil. With nowhere to go, he finally had to keep walking, carrying a white radish with charcoal fire given to him by the devil to light up the road, and find a place to rest. Later, the Irish used potatoes or kohlrabi to make lanterns. In the 1840s, as new immigrants came to the American continent, they found a better material than white radish, which was pumpkin; therefore, the jack-o-lanterns we see now are usually pumpkins. Done. Legend 2 Irish folklore. It is said that a drunkard named Stingy Jack once designed to trick Satan into climbing up a tree and carved a cross on the trunk to prevent Satan from coming down. As a result, the devil made an agreement with him and promised not to come to harass him again. Only then was he able to escape. After Jack's death, he was denied entry to both heaven and hell. The devil gave him a small piece of ashes and asked him to find a suitable place to rest. He put the small piece of ashes in a white radish with many holes to let it burn longer. Later, the Scots imitated him, hollowing out kohlrabi and putting candles in it. The Irish use potatoes or kohlrabi; the English use beets. Later, I immigrated to the United States and discovered a more useful material - pumpkin.

Therefore, most jack-o-lanterns nowadays are made of pumpkins. In addition to making ghosts on the streets, Halloween is indispensable for large and small pumpkin lantern decorations, but why not watermelons, winter melons or radishes, but pumpkins? According to the allusion, there was a man named Jack in Ireland. One day, he and the evil spirit were drinking in a bar. After the two had a good meal but had no money to pay the bill, Jack imprisoned the evil spirit. After the evil spirit begged, he was saved. Jack asked him to promise not to harass him for a whole year before "letting go the ghost". Unexpectedly, Jack passed away unfortunately and could not enter heaven, so he had to go to hell to ask the evil spirits to take him in. The evil spirits thought that it was Jack himself who said that they should not have any more relations, so they refused to accept Jack's request and only gave him a piece of red-hot charcoal to let him go. The kohlrabi was used as a lantern for lighting. Later, Scottish children "imitated" and hollowed out the kohlrabi to put candles in it for lighting. After this custom spread to the United States, people found that round and fat pumpkins were more suitable as hollow lanterns. So naturally it became the world of pumpkins, and pumpkin lanterns became one of the most appropriate props for Halloween. Black is the traditional Halloween color, probably because various Halloween traditions or rituals are held at night. The story of pumpkin carvings used as lanterns comes from ancient Ireland. The story is about a child named JACK who loves to play pranks. One day after JACK died, he couldn't go to heaven because he had done bad things, so he went to hell. But he was so stubborn in hell that he tricked the devil into climbing into a tree, and then carved a cross on the tree stump to intimidate the devil so that he would not dare to come down. Then JACK made a three-part agreement with the devil, asking the devil to agree to cast a spell so that JACK would never come down. He was allowed to fall off the tree in exchange for committing a crime. The hell chief was very angry when he found out and drove JACK out. He could only wander around the world with a carrot lantern and hide in when he encountered humans. Gradually, JACK's behavior was forgiven by people, and children followed suit on Halloween. The ancient carrot lantern has evolved into today’s Jack-O-Lantern made of pumpkins. It is said that soon after the Irish arrived in the United States, they discovered that pumpkins were superior to radishes in terms of origin and carving, so pumpkins became a Halloween pet.

What is the difference between Halloween and Ghost Festival

SB Basakiri: Hello.

Halloween: In the Western European countries of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales before the birth of Christ, people in these places were called "Druids". Their New Year was on November 1st. On New Year's Eve, Drew The Yit people asked young people to form teams, wearing various weird masks and carrying carved carrot lanterns (there were no pumpkins in Western Europe at that time, and the jack-o'-lanterns were invented when they went to colonize North America). Wandering among the villages is a kind of autumn harvest celebration. It is also said to be the "Ghost Festival". It is said that the ghosts of the dead visit the world. In order to let the ghosts see the joy of the harvest and show rich hospitality to the ghosts, people light bonfires. , lights, light the way for ghosts, so let young people hold carrot lanterns to guide the way for ghosts. It later evolved into what is now ‘Halloween’. Children wear weird masks and carry jack-o'-lanterns, and go around asking for sweets.

China’s Ghost Festival is for worshiping ancestors, visiting graves and “giving (paper) money.” China's Ghost Festival includes Shangyuan Festival, Hungry Ghost Festival and Xiayuan Festival, respectively: Lantern Festival, July 15th and October 15th (later changed to October to distinguish it from "Xiayuan Shuiguan Christmas") one day). In addition to the Three Yuan Festival, there are also Tomb-Sweeping Day and the second day of the Lunar New Year. The customs vary from place to place.

China’s Ghost Festival represents piety and solemnity. Halloween in the West is more weird and lively. The two are completely different.

Note: To make jack-o-lanterns for Halloween, gardeners grow a variety of square pumpkins, triangles, diamonds, and boat-shaped pumpkins.

What zodiac sign is Halloween

Monkey

The composition and order of the twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) vary from nation to nation. Today, the twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) of the Han,

Hui,

Tibetan, Hani, She, Lahu, Naxi, and Altaic language groups, as well as North Korea, South Korea, and Japan, are forming And the order is completely consistent: rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep,

monkey, chicken, dog, pig. The twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) of some ethnic groups vary from region to region. For example, in most areas of the Li ethnic group, the twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) are the same as before, while the Maodaoli ethnic group replaces "tiger" with "worm" and "tiger" with "worm". "Cat" replaces "rabbit", "fish" replaces "snake", "meat" replaces "horse", and "human" replaces "sheep"; in most areas, the twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) of the Yi people are the same as before. The names and order of the twelve zodiac animals (animal calendar) of the Yi people in Ailao Mountain, Yunnan are: tiger, rabbit, pangolin (dragon), snake, horse, sheep, monkey, chicken, dog, pig, rat ,ox. Except for one difference (there is also a saying that "dragon" is used instead of "pangolin"), the order is also different from the previous one. The Yi people of Ailao Mountain

The reason why they regard "tiger" as their first priority is said to be because they consider themselves descendants of tigers and respect the mother tiger as their first phase. The God Sacrifice Ceremony, held every three years, should be held on the first Tiger Day of the Tiger Month (the first month) at the local Tigress Temple.

Every house must have a tiger shape painted on its door to show respect for the tiger. That's why there is such an order. If you move them forward or backward in order, they will still be the same as before.

The twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) of the Yi people in western Guangxi are: dragon, phoenix, horse, ant, human, chicken, dog, pig, bird, ox, tiger and snake; the Dai people in Dehong area The twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) are the same as before, but the Dai people in Xishuangbanna area have changed "pig" to "elephant", "dragon" to "jiao" or

"big snake", and "sheep" ” is “ant”.

In addition, the names of the twelve zodiac animals (calendar of animals) in some countries are also quite different from the previous ones. For example, in Vietnam, "cat" replaced "rabbit"; in India, they are: rat, ox, lion, and rabbit. , dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, golden wings

Zodiac sign

Bird,

dog, pig; in ancient Babylonia: bull, goat , lion, donkey, dung beetle, snake, dog, cat, crocodile, flamingo, ape, eagle; the Egyptian and Greek ones are basically the same as the ancient Babylonian ones, except that the "dung beetle" is replaced by "crab"

< p>[1]. The order of "lion" and "snake" is the same as that of India, and "flamingo" replaces "garuda" [2]. In the twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) of other nations or countries, the one in the order of "lion" is "Tiger", and the one in the order of "Red Crane" is "Chicken". In other words, those in the former order are all beasts, while those in the latter order are birds. It is inferred from this that the twelve zodiac signs (animal calendar) all over the world should have the same origin.

The twelve zodiac signs originated from the calendar of the twelve animals, and their origin is very ancient. From a geographical point of view, the four ancient Asian and African civilizations, including Egypt, Babylon, India and China, all happened to be within the scope of its popularity. Although it is spread throughout Asia, Europe and Africa, it is mainly concentrated in Asia. From this, we have reason to infer that this culture should have originated from a certain ethnic group in Asia, and then gradually spread and was accepted by many ethnic groups in this vast area.

However, which ethnic group originally created it is still a mystery.

What kind of holiday is Halloween?

Halloween is a Western holiday, which falls on November 1st every year and October 31st is Halloween Eve. Usually called All Hallows' Eve (Halloween).

Whenever Halloween comes, children will eagerly put on colorful costumes, put on all kinds of strange masks, carry a "Jack O'lantern" and go from house to house, asking adults for holiday gifts. gift.

The most well-known symbols of Halloween are these two - the bizarre "jack o'lantern" and "trick-or-treating" pranks.

What does Halloween mean?

October 31st every year is the traditional Western festival Halloween (Halloween). That night, children will put on costumes and masks and go door to door to collect food. fruit. The festival is mainly popular in the English-speaking world, such as the British Isles and North America, followed by Australia and New Zealand.

The origin of the holiday

The first theory

There are many versions of the legend about the origin of Halloween. The most common belief is that it originated before the birth of Christ. The ancient Western European countries mainly include Ireland, Scotland and Wales. The ancient Western Europeans in these places are called Celts. The Celtic New Year is on November 1st. On New Year's Eve, the Celts asked young people to gather in groups, wearing various weird masks and carrying carved carrot lanterns (pumpkin lanterns were a later custom, and were not the earliest in ancient Western Europe). Pumpkin), they wandered among the villages. This was actually an autumn harvest celebration at that time; it is also said to be the "Ghost Festival". Legend has it that the souls of people who died in that year would visit people on the eve of Halloween. It is said that people should let the visiting ghosts see the perfect harvest and respect the ghosts. Present a sumptuous treat. All bonfires and lights are there to scare away ghosts, but also to illuminate the route for ghosts to guide them back. In Central Europe in the Middle Ages, there was a history of Christianity destroying pagans. However, the sacrificial celebrations before New Year's Eve have never really been eliminated, but appear in the form of witchcraft. This is why our current Halloween still has traces of witches' brooms, black cats, spells and so on. It is said that meeting a black cat on that day is equivalent to meeting a witch, which will bring bad luck throughout the year. Therefore, on that day, everyone must dress up in disguise to drive away those unlucky symbols.

The second theory

More than two thousand years ago, the European Catholic Church designated November 1 as "ALL HALLOWS DAY". "HALLOW" means saint. Legend has it that since 500 BC, the Celts (CELTS) living in Ireland, Scotland and other places moved this festival forward by one day, namely October 31. They believe that this day is the official end of summer, the beginning of the new year and the beginning of the harsh winter. At that time, people believed that the souls of their deceased friends would return to their former homes on this day to look for souls in living people so as to be reborn. This was the only hope for rebirth after death. The living people are afraid that the dead souls will come to seize their lives, so people put out the furnace fires and candlelights on this day so that the dead souls cannot find the living people. They also dress up as monsters and monsters to scare away the souls of the dead. Afterwards, they will light the fire candle again and start their life in the new year. Legend has it that the Celtic tribes at that time still had the custom of killing living people to pay homage to the dead on October 31st.

By the 1st century AD, the Romans who occupied the Celtic tribes' territories gradually accepted the custom of Halloween, but since then abolished the barbaric practice of burning human beings as sacrifices to the dead. The Romans combined harvest festivals with Celtic rituals, wearing scary masks and dressing up as animals or ghosts in order to drive away the demons wandering around them. This is why most people around the world celebrate Halloween today by dressing up in weird and weird ways. As time goes by, the meaning of Halloween gradually changes, becoming positive and happy, and the festive meaning becomes mainstream. The idea that dead souls find substitutes to return to the world has gradually been abandoned and forgotten. Today, images and pictures that symbolize Halloween, such as witches and black cats, mostly have friendly, cute and funny faces.

The third theory

The Celts believed that the sun god helped them grow crops. However, every year the Sun God is attacked by an evil force named Samhain and imprisoned for six months. Samhain also has two titles, namely "Lord of Dead" and "Prince of Darkness". He came to the Celtic land with the cold and dark winter. The Celts were very afraid of the night of October 31st because they felt that there were a bunch of evil spirits lurking everywhere on this night. They light fires at home to make those evil spirits leave their homes (there is a sentence in the previous untranslated paragraph that says the flames can scare the ghosts away.) They believe that Samhain calls the dead out, and they also believe that Samhain will bring the dead out. Become something else, like a cat. The Celts would put on terrible disguises to drive away the evil spirits. (This is the prototype of Halloween) After Rome occupied the Celtic land, the Roman festival and the Celtic Samhain festival on October 31 were combined to form...>>

When is Halloween and what does it mean

In Western countries, there is "Halloween" on October 31st every year. The dictionary explains it as "The eve of All Saints' Day" in Chinese Translated: "Halloween Night". Halloween is a traditional festival in Western countries. This night is the most "haunted" night of the year, so it is also called the "Ghost Festival".

More than two thousand years ago, the Catholic Church in Europe designated November 1 as "ALL HALLOWS DAY". "HALLOW" means saint. Legend has it that since 500 BC, the Celts (CELTS) living in Ireland, Scotland and other places moved this festival forward by one day, namely October 31. They believe that this day is the official end of summer, the beginning of the new year and the beginning of the harsh winter. At that time, people believed that the souls of their deceased friends would return to their former homes on this day to look for souls in living people so as to be reborn. This was the only hope for rebirth after death. The living people are afraid that the dead souls will come to seize their lives, so people put out the furnace fires and candlelights on this day so that the dead souls cannot find the living people. They also dress up as monsters and monsters to scare away the souls of the dead. Afterwards, they will light the fire candle again and start their life in the new year. Legend has it that the Celtic tribes at that time still had the custom of killing living people to pay homage to the dead on October 31st.

In the 1st century AD, the Romans who occupied the Celtic tribes gradually accepted the custom of Halloween, but since then abolished the barbaric practice of burning human beings as sacrifices to the dead. The Romans combined harvest festivals with Celtic rituals, wearing scary masks and dressing up as animals or ghosts in order to drive away the demons wandering around them. This is why most people around the world celebrate Halloween today by dressing up in weird and weird ways. As time goes by, the meaning of Halloween gradually changes, becoming positive and happy, and the festive meaning becomes mainstream. The idea that dead souls find substitutes to return to the world has gradually been abandoned and forgotten. Today, images and pictures that symbolize Halloween, such as witches and black cats, mostly have friendly, cute and funny faces.

The origin of Halloween

Before the Christian era, the Celts held ceremonies at the end of summer to thank God and the sun for their blessings. The soothsayers of that time lit and performed witchcraft to drive away the demons and ghosts that were said to be wandering around. Later, the harvest festival celebrated by the Romans with nuts and apples merged with the Celtic October 31st to form Halloween.

Regarding the origin of Halloween, the most legendary version believes that it originated from the ancient Western European countries before the birth of Christ, mainly including Ireland, Scotland and Wales. The ancient Western Europeans in these places were called Druids. The Druids' New Year is on November 1st. On New Year's Eve, the Druids ask young people to gather in groups, wearing various weird masks and carrying carved carrot lanterns (pumpkin lanterns are a later custom in ancient Western Europe). There were no pumpkins at first) and they wandered among the villages. This was actually an autumn harvest celebration at the time; it was also said to be the "Ghost Festival". Legend has it that the souls of people who died that year would visit the world on the eve of Halloween. It is said that people should let the visiting ghosts see the perfect harvest and present it to the ghosts. Give a hearty treat. All bonfires and lights are there to scare away ghosts, but also to illuminate the route for ghosts to guide them back.

In Central Europe in the Middle Ages, there was a history of Christianity destroying pagans.

However, the sacrificial celebrations before New Year's Eve have never really been eliminated, but appear in the form of witchcraft. This is why our current Halloween still has traces of witches' brooms, black cats, spells and so on.

The legend of Halloween

Halloween means "Holy Night". However, for various reasons, All Hallows' Eve has turned into one of the most popular and popular holidays of the year, celebrated by many players with great enthusiasm.

Halloween is on October 31st. It is actually a festival that praises autumn, just like May Day is a festival that praises spring. The Druids, the priests of ancient Gaul, Britain and Ireland, had a grand festival to praise autumn, which started at midnight on October 31 and lasted for a whole day on November 1 the next day. They believe that on that night, their great god of death, Saman, summoned all the ghosts of the people who died that year, and these evil ghosts were punished by being reborn as animals. Of course, just the thought of such a spooky gathering was enough to scare the simple-minded ignorant people at that time. So they lit a bonfire that reached into the sky and closely monitored these evil spirits.

This is how the idea that witches and ghosts were everywhere on Halloween began.

There are still people in some isolated areas of Europe who believe... >>