The formation and development of Bacha Opera has also experienced the evolution of singing folk songs-drumming (competition singing)-small venues, jumping on the ground (folk songs and dances)-folk opera (Bacha Opera). 1650 (six years of Qing Shunzhi). The imperial court issued a reclamation order, and the first batch of immigrants entered the decadent Ankang at that time. They enclosure farmland, rapid recovery of production in decades, more than self-sufficiency, rapid development of trade. While the material life is basically satisfied, various cultural activities for self-entertainment have emerged, and "beating gongs and drums" is one of them. 5-7 people beat gongs and drums to walk from village to village. They are both performers and singers, playing famous flower drums and several folk tunes. In the village-to-village activities, there has been a "fight against Taiwan" between clans and towns. This cluster of "playing against Taiwan" is an impromptu and challenging lyric competition. The faster, the more timely and the more provocative it is, the more it can be applauded by the masses. This has resulted in new short and pithy gongs and drums, unrestrained, enthusiastic and cheerful Hua Gutiao, and soft and euphemistic tunes with elegant lyrics, especially those with multiple lyrics, such as Visiting a Friend from a Mountain Man and Shili Pavilion, which are hundreds of lyrics of more than a thousand sentences. This kind of minor that sings a complete story is often the main track of "beating gongs and drums". Over time, "beating gongs and drums" can no longer meet the villagers' further requirements for cultural life, so they dance on the basis of "beating gongs and drums", so folk songs and dances such as "Oda" and "jumping on the ground" came into being. In "Drumming Everywhere", one person hits several characters, while songs and dances such as "Oda" are sung by singers and dancers respectively. The duet usually includes questions and answers or questions and answers, which leads to a simple and impromptu performance, and then develops into duet and passbook drama. Such as Liu Hai Chopping Wood, selling groceries and floret. Especially those who can sing a complete story, the prototype of Octagon Opera is formed by changing the singing of the third person into the performance of the first person. At the beginning of the formation of Bacha Opera, seven kinds of tunes were commonly used, namely: Longbow Tune, Pasturing the Sheep Tune, Cui Hua Tune, Youchun Tune, Catching the Boat Tune, Embroidery Tune and Visiting Friends Tune (some of them used the title of the opera instead of the song title). At the beginning of singing, it gradually developed from one drama to one song to the use of tunes with characters and plots, also known as the seven-pronged drama used in the diversion. The period from 1773 to 1774 (the middle period of Qing dynasty and Qianlong period) was another immigration climax in Hanbin district. The influx of immigrants from the two lakes contributed to the unprecedented prosperity of Ankang's economy and culture in the following years. During the Jiaqing period in the late Qianlong period, due to the increase of immigrants year by year, Ankang became a commercial center in the middle and upper reaches of the Han River, with the development of ancient forests, the gathering of mountain products, the gathering of merchants and the revitalization of agricultural trade. Water transport has become the only channel for material and cultural exchanges between Shaanxi and Hubei, and the frequent performances of folk class clubs have brought Yunyang to Ankang. After being absorbed and transformed by artists, it has become a "sheep eight tea" (also known as Daba tea) with a prototype of board cavity. "Seven Forks" is limited by its performance function, which makes it show humorous comedy and relaxed farce. Relatively speaking, it is difficult to adapt to the dramatic and solemn content of the play. The derivation and supplement of "Yang Octagon" just made up for its shortcomings in time, which gradually added drama and tragedy to the repertoire, forming two kinds of vocals: Yang Octagon (big Octagon, plate derivative) and Ba Tuning Fork (Seven Forks or minor folk songs with original characteristics). Since then, Bacha Opera has achieved a qualitative leap. Because the repertoire, aria and accompaniment of gongs and drums of Bacha Opera are easy to spread, family classes, nepotism classes and village classes with seasonal and semi-professional nature spread all over the country, and reached their peak in 182 1- 1850 (Daoguang period). According to the survey, there are nearly 30 well-known performance clubs in Hanbin, such as Hengkou, Wuli, Meizipu, Datong, Jianmin, Jiji, Guanmiao, Shiti and Hexi. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, this drama was wrongly labeled as "popular music" by the government, and it was banned twice, and then disappeared from the stage of the town. However, it remained stubbornly active in the vast rural areas and became "Xipeng Opera" and "Jiao Opera", and its grand occasion continued until the middle of the Republic of China. Due to historical reasons, Bacha Opera has been far away from the central town for a long time, living in Shan Ye, and rarely influenced and exchanged by higher-level culture and art, which makes it develop slowly and appear immature and powerless.
After the founding of New China, the Party and the government conducted many investigations on the collection and recording of Bacha Opera, gave strong support to some professional Bacha Opera societies, and organized many folk art performances, which made Bacha Opera on the big stage with a righteous attitude. Among them, the professional class club in Hanbin District did not stop its activities until 1964 banned the performance of classical operas.
From 65438 to 0956, Ankang Han Opera Troupe put Bacha Opera "Standing on the Flower Wall" and "Wu San Bao You Chun" on the big stage, arranged the scripts, performances and vocals, and accompanied them with national orchestral instruments for the first time. He won various awards and achieved success in the first drama performance in Shaanxi Province. Chang 'an Bookstore also published special collections of "Five Treasures for a Spring Tour" and "Standing on the Flower Wall", which made the Bacha Opera develop to a new stage.
In the mid-1980s, editing teams at the local and county levels were organized to systematically collect and sort out the integration of Bacha Opera, which was compiled into the Integrated Volume of Shaanxi Opera Music. In the early 1990s, Hanbin District organized professional cultural workers to create "New Five Treasures for a Spring Tour", which was once again successful and was rewarded by relevant departments of provinces and cities, and became a reserved program, which was continuously staged. At the same time, a large number of Bacha Opera Troupes are still active in the vast rural areas of Hanbin District.