Zhihu: The data shows that the employment focus of fresh graduates continues to sink, and more and more fresh graduates return to the county to take the exam. what do you think?

Zhihu: The data shows that the employment focus of fresh graduates continues to sink, and more and more fresh graduates return to the county to take the exam. What do you think of the following introduction?

1, Introduction

Civil servants, also known as national civil servants, are public officials who are responsible for the overall management of economic and social order and national public resources, safeguarding national laws and regulations, and fulfilling relevant obligations. In our country, civil servants refer to the staff who perform public duties according to law and are included in the state administrative establishment, and their wages and benefits are borne by the state finance.

According to the nature, characteristics and management needs of positions, civil servant positions are divided into comprehensive management, professional technology and administrative law enforcement. According to the Civil Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), if the State Council needs to be managed separately due to special positions, other positions can be added. According to the Statistical Bulletin on the Development of Human Resources and Social Security in 20 16 released by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on May 2 18, by the end of 20 16, there were 7190,000 civil servants in China.

2065438+In March 2009, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued the Regulations on the Parallelization of Civil Servants' Positions and Ranks, and issued a notice, requiring all localities and departments to follow them carefully. On March 3, 2020, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee issued the Provisions on the Scope of Civil Servants and the Measures for the Administration of Civil Servants' Posts, Ranks and Levels, which clarified the specific scope and provisions of the administration of civil servants' posts, ranks and levels.

2. Historical origin

The civil service system of western countries imitates that of Britain. It is generally believed that China is the first country in the world to admit public officials through examinations. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, China set officials and soldiers to select civil servants and military attaché s, and then there was the imperial examination system.

3, the capitalist period

For a long time after the bourgeois revolution (until the end of 19), the government's management function was very limited, mainly to maintain social order and act as a "night watchman". The appointment of public officials is still dominated by the appointment system. In the monarchy, the official position is given by the king and appointed or inherited by the nobility; In * * * countries, it is appointed by the president and other chief executives.

After the establishment of the modern bourgeois party system, party politics manipulated the distribution of state power, and government officials were constantly replaced with the change of the ruling party. Donating official positions and sharing stolen goods by political parties have led to a lot of corruption. In this context, the management of national public officials has not yet formed a scientific norm and corresponding system.

4, the establishment of the civil service system

/kloc-in the last 30 years of the 0/9th century, driven by two scientific and technological revolutions and industrial revolution, industrial production developed rapidly and capitalism entered the monopoly stage. The era of "parliamentary supremacy" has ended, followed by "administrative tyranny" With the rapid enhancement of national administrative functions, it is urgent to reform the appointment system of public office and improve administrative efficiency. 1At the end of the 9th century and the beginning of the 20th century, several major western countries successively established civil service systems.