What are the architectural features of Flowing Water Villa?

Flowing water villa is one of the masterpieces of modern architecture. It is located on the bank of Bear Creek in the suburb of Pittsburgh, USA, and was designed by F L Wright. The owner of the villa is a German immigrant Kaufman, who is the owner of Pittsburgh Department Store, so it is also called Kaufman Mansion.

The villa has three floors, covering an area of about 380 square meters, centering on the living room (main entrance floor) on the second floor, and the rest rooms are scattered to the left and right. The appearance of the villa emphasizes the combination of blocks, which makes the building have an obvious sense of sculpture. Two huge platforms are staggered, the first platform extends to the left and right, and the second platform is picked out forward. Several towering stone walls are staggered between the platforms, which is very imposing. Streams flow out from under the platform, and buildings naturally combine with streams, rocks and trees, as if growing underground.

architectural feature

The architectural modeling and internal space of the flowing water villa have achieved the calm and firm effect of great works of art, and this calm and calm atmosphere. In the process of diving, the momentum of mutual assembly of force and reaction exists in the interior and exterior of the whole building, and between its layout and furnishings. The extraordinary interior is like entering a dream, leading to a huge living room space. As is often the case in Wright's works, it must first pass through a narrow and dark covered porch, and then through those rough and porous stone walls into the main staircase in the opposite direction. The right hand side is the space for direct traffic, and the left hand can enter the second floor of the residence. Wright's clever grasp of natural light makes the interior space full of vitality. The light flows to the east, south and west of the living room. The brightest part of the light flows down from the skylight and leads to the cliff stairs below the building. In contrast, the enclosed rooms on the east, west and north sides are darker and full of rocks. Their reflections loomed and flowed in the living room space. The light reflected by the north side and cliff and the light reflected by the stairs appear hazy and soft. Psychologically speaking, the atmosphere of this living room space shows a variety of elegant demeanor with the change of light brightness.

In the use of materials, the flowing water villa is also very symbolic, and all the pillars are rough rocks. There is obvious opposition between the levelness of the stone and the straightness of the column. All the horizontal members of concrete seem to run through the whole space, and the towering gives the building the highest sense of movement and tension. The exception is the stone used for the floor, which looks surprisingly heavy, especially on the cantilever balcony. However, when you stand on an artificial stone balcony surrounded by natural stone walls and columns, you may have a deeper understanding of the interior space. Because the indoor space extends through the huge horizontal balcony, it connects the huge outdoor space-Cliff Pass. Wright's attitude towards international formalism and empty talk functionalism is reflected in the stairs leading from the living room to the stream below. This famous staircase, which is related to the building and the earth, is an indispensable medium in the interior and exterior space, and people will always linger in it again and again.

Flowing water villa can be said to be a kind of building composed of positive and negative forces in a wonderful balance. It can also be said that it is a rare work of horizontal or oblique pole puncture or space technique that has been transmitted in recent years.

The choice of space display, furniture style design and layout of flowing water villa are all original. At the same time, Kaman's family has paid love and care to this priceless industry. They decorate it with great works of art, furniture, diligent maintenance and their personal belongings. Building is always an architect's job, but you can't provide personal belongings. Obviously, Kafman can do it and cherish all Wright's efforts.

Flowing water villa is the most photogenic and photogenic private residence built in the 20th century. Although it is far away at the foot of the Appalachian Mountains in southwest Pennsylvania, more than 6,543,800+3,000 tourists visit it every year.

Flowing water villa embodies the "organic" design concept advocated by Wright. Considering that Wright himself described it as the shape of "an extension of a cliff" corresponding to "stream music", the flowing water villa is worthy of the name, which has become an abstract expression to reproduce the natural environment with architectural vocabulary and is a concrete example with both spatial and temporal dimensions.

Flowing water villa is a comparative study, in which extremely opposite elements are contained in a dangerous balance, creating a completely unpredictable effect.

Two-story platform. The concern about the bold overhang of flowing water villa makes it a powerful expression for modernists to challenge gravity. In this house, Wright not only increased the efficiency of its structural system, but also increased the risk. Seeing those overlapping geometric planes like de stijl makes people feel that there is a historical connection with the debate on "international style" Looking ahead from the road on the other side of the stream, these breast walls spread out in the air like floating flat belts. But from the downstream bank of the stream, they echo two prominent stones in shape and layout. They create waterfalls below and reflect waterfall-like spray. Hanging the house above the waterfall as an "extension of the cliff" enables him to integrate flowing water into the layered space he designed, which is designed for "people who like to listen to waterfalls" to remind them constantly.

The whole complex is connected with the surrounding mountains and canyons. The thick and round breast walls on the two main platforms emphasize the plastic load feeling of concrete, which is visually weakened by light and apricot paint on the platform cover. It shows the metaphorical function of architectural image in landscape.

Vertical walls and rough rubble support the platform and concrete slab as if it had been cut.

Highlight of folding texture

One of the interiors of the villa. Wright named the house "flowing water villa" to describe the unity and dynamic relationship between architecture and land. Emphasizing the seclusion function of flowing water villa in nature reminds people of the long tradition and picturesque design of villa architecture. Inside, the living room floor hanging above the stream is covered with a thick wax board, which fluctuates like ripples on the river bed when the light shines in.

Whether it is the display of sequential space or the complex overall relationship between architecture and site, photographers avoid grasping the individual characteristics of architecture from any single photography angle, and adopt the best way-explaining the whole through details.

The expression of the whole design concept reveals that the enclosure of most spaces in the flowing water villa "is like the perfect image it should have given."