Which four "Sichuans" do Sichuan refer to respectively? Why are there only two left now?

Sichuan is known as the land of abundance, and there is a saying that "if you don't enter Sichuan, you won't leave Sichuan". It is said that young people should struggle and not go to a comfortable place like Sichuan. If you lose the heart of struggle, don't leave Sichuan again. Very suitable for old-age care.

As a Sichuanese, I actually don't agree with this view. Who says Sichuanese don't work hard? Together, we are as good as people from North, Guangzhou and Shenzhen.

Chengdu, Sichuan is now a new immigrant city. Many foreign friends dream of living in Chengdu, where eating hot pot and hugging pandas is not very pleasant.

Since so many people want to come to Sichuan, where did the name Sichuan come from? The origin of Sichuan's name happened to be mentioned in the video of watermelon video creators looking at the world with a three-dimensional map.

All this has to start from the period of Emperor Taizong. At that time, it was in 627 AD, the first year of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong, and the original county system was abolished, and the whole country was changed to ten roads. This road is the same as today's province at the administrative level.

The original Yizhou in central Sichuan was renamed Jiannan Road, covering a wide range, including most parts of Sichuan today, Lancang River in Yunnan, east of Ailao Mountain, the northern end of Guizhou Province, and Wenxian County in Gansu Province. Jiannan Road was also established as our envoy.

After the Anshi Rebellion, in the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Jiannan Road was divided into Jiannan Road and Jiannan Road Dongchuan Road, referred to as "Liangchuan Area".

At that time, Sichuan was not called Sichuan. The name Sichuan originated in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Song Taizong reached Daoism for three years in the Northern Song Dynasty. In 997 AD, the world was divided into fifteen roads. At that time, Sichuan was divided into Xichuan Road and Xiaxi Road, so it was also called Xia Chuan area. At this time, the gorge refers to the Three Gorges, which is today's Chongqing area.

In the fourth year of Xianping in the Northern Song Dynasty, in 100 1 year, Xichuan Road was changed to Yizhou Road, which is located in today's Chengdu and Lizhou Road is located in today's Guangyuan. Xiaxi Road is divided into Zizhou Road (now three stops) and Kuizhou Road (now Fengjie, Chongqing), collectively referred to as "Si Xia Road in Sichuan" or Sichuan for short.

At this point, the name Sichuan appeared for the first time in history.

But from the Northern Song Dynasty to the present, the areas under the jurisdiction of Sichuan have been changing.

At that time, it could only be called Sichuan Fourth Road area, not Sichuan Province. It was not until the Yuan Dynasty that the concept of Sichuan Province was formed.

According to the Records of Hundred Officials in the History of Yuan Dynasty, Sichuan and other places were among the provinces in China. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, their places were always in Shaanxi. In the eighteenth year of Zhiyuan, Shaanxi Zhongshu was included in Sichuan Province. In 23 years, Sichuan Province was founded. Chengdu, with nine roads and five houses.

At this point, the prototype of Sichuan Province appeared. At that time, the scope of Sichuan Province included today's central and eastern Sichuan, most of Chongqing, southern Gansu and southwestern Shaanxi, with a wide range, but it did not include today's western Sichuan.

In the Ming Dynasty, Sichuan was renamed as "Sichuan Undertaking Propaganda and Production Bureau". In the Qing Dynasty, the ethnic minorities in western Sichuan were brought into Sichuan, including the western Sichuan Plateau and Batang and Litang in the west of Ganzi Prefecture. As a result, the largest Sichuan in history appeared, with a jurisdiction area of 570,000 square kilometers, which is 7 times that of today's1./kloc-0.

Although the jurisdiction of Sichuan has changed in various periods, it was not until the last adjustment of the jurisdiction after the founding of the People's Republic of China that Sichuan became what it is today. The originally named Kuizhou Road belongs to today's Chongqing, while Xingyuan House, which is classified as Lizhou Road, belongs to today's Shaanxi Province.

Hanzhong area is named after Hanshui River. Historically, this place was the main traffic artery for the Central Plains to enter Bashu. It can be said that "one person wields a halberd, and no one enters." The regime that has been splitting Bashu must control Hanzhong area. In order to strengthen the rule of Bashu area, the Mongols classified Hanzhong area as Shaanxi Province. Losing Hanzhong and Shudi is equivalent to losing the northern barrier and reducing the risk of Sichuan independence. But it did not include the Lueyang area at that time, and it was in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

So up to now, the lifestyles and languages of Hanzhong and Guangyuan in Sichuan are still very similar, because they are a family in history.

Since then, Sichuan has become Sanchuan. How did the other Sichuan return to Chongqing? After the provincial planning of the Yuan Dynasty, the jurisdiction of Sichuan has not changed much in general, but because of its vast territory, Chengdu, as the provincial capital, is difficult to take care of the whole province, so Chongqing in eastern Sichuan has formed another self-centered city circle.

The Yangtze River runs through Chongqing. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the economy in the south of the Yangtze River was prosperous and the waterway transportation developed rapidly. Chongqing has become a transportation hub between Sichuan and Jiangnan. Goods from Yunnan and other places had to be concentrated in Chongqing first, and then transported to Jiangnan. As a result, using the natural waterways of the Yangtze River, Chongqing has gradually developed into a populous metropolis where merchants gather and everything gathers, comparable to Chengdu.

If you build roads before you get rich, Chongqing will naturally be valued by foreigners after it has the advantage of water transportation. 1In the Sino-British Yantai Treaty signed in 875, it was agreed to open Chongqing as a trading port.

Prosperous traffic has promoted the development of financial industry. 1892, Geng Hefeng, the magistrate of Baxian County, announced that "Chongqing market transactions need a unified new bank" and gradually extended it to all parts of Sichuan. Since then, the financial center of Sichuan has moved to Chongqing, and most of the banks in Sichuan are concentrated in Chongqing. Later, Sichuan Bank also established Chongqing.

After the development of commercial finance, the industry has also taken off rapidly, and Chongqing's position has leapt above Chengdu. Nevertheless, Chongqing is located inland, which is different from coastal cities. However, the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War once again brought opportunities to Chongqing.

Knowing that it was unable to defend the southeast provinces, the National Government took Sichuan as the rear area, established revolutionary base areas, and moved coastal factories to preserve its strength. At that time, Chongqing, as the capital of the national government, was given priority. Of the 260 industrial and mining enterprises that moved to Sichuan before 1940, 243 moved to Chongqing.

With the inward migration of heavy industrial enterprises, a large number of capitalists, technicians and intellectuals also poured into Chongqing, which made Chongqing's industrial level advance by leaps and bounds and developed from the original regional economic center to the national leader.