I urgently need an English speech about Sam Houston! ! Urgent! ! ! English! ! ! !

Early life [edit]

1793 was born in Virginia. His father Samuel Houston is an army major and his mother is Elizabeth. He is the fifth boy in his family, and his ancestors can be traced back to immigrants from Scotland and Ireland. When he was a child, he learned some simple knowledge in a local school in his hometown. His father/Kloc-died at the age of 0/3, and his mother took their five brothers and three sisters to Tennessee. Their family runs a farm near Maryville, Maryland, but Houston doesn't seem to like farm life. 1809, Houston left the farm and lived with the Cherokee people near the Tennessee River. This stay is three years, during which he occasionally went home to visit several times. Chief Cherokee, who adopted him, also named him "crow" in Cherokee, which made Houston full of affection for Indians. [ 1]

Political career in Tennessee [editor]

1865438+After leaving Cherokee in May 2002, Houston returned to Maryland and started a school, which gained a lot. After the outbreak of the second war between the United States and Britain, he joined the American army and made meritorious service. Four months later, he was promoted to lieutenant, commanding the 39th Infantry Regiment. 18 14 In March, Houston was wounded in the battle with the British allied forces at Horseshoe Bend, but his heroic performance was also noticed by General andrew jackson. He appointed an Indian as Cherokee's trade agent. However, when he led a Cherokee delegation to Washington in February 18 18, he was scolded by President james monroe and Secretary of War john Caldwell calhoun for wearing Indian clothes. [2]

18 18, he resigned from the army, studied law with Judge James trimble for half a year, and then began to engage in legal work. Houston was elected as a prosecutor in Nashville in 18 19, and was elected as a member of the Democratic Party by andrew jackson four years later, and was re-elected in 1825. [3] 1827, he was elected governor of Tennessee. Two years later, he married a girl of 18, Eliza Allen. The marriage was arranged by Allen's father, Colonel John Allen. The relationship between husband and wife is inherently bad, and they rarely separate after marriage. 16 On April 6, Houston resigned as governor, and he is expected to become Jackson's successor to run for president. In July, he returned to the Cherokee tribe and met an Indian woman, Tiana Rogers, who later became his wife. 10 In June, he was recognized by Indians and became one of them. Because he often drinks, he got the nickname of drunkard. In mid-February, he went to Washington as a representative of the Cherokee people to discuss trade matters. Later, I went to many parts of the eastern United States and met andrew jackson in June 1830+0. In August of 3 1 year, my mother went to Houston and returned to her hometown again. Later, she met the French writer Alexis Tocqueville on a steamboat in Houston. [4] 1832 He accepted the dispatch of President Jackson and came to Texas.

Texas [editor]

In Texas, Houston first participated in the revision of the 1833 convention on behalf of Nakodoches, and then began to actively participate in various political activities in Texas. Houston took an active part in the Texas independence movement against Mexico. 1836, Texas declared its independence and Houston was elected as the commander of the army. After the war between Alamo and Goliath, Houston gradually controlled the remaining Texas militia. In the Battle of Santa jacinto, Houston defeated the army led by Mexican President Santa Anna and captured the president himself. The victory of this campaign made Texas's independence recognized, and Houston was elected as the first president of Texas in September. [5] In memory of him, 1836 established Houston and made it the capital of the Republic of China. The first presidential term ended after 38 years. 4 1, Houston runs again and serves to 1844. [2]

Because he supported and practiced slavery in Texas, the anti-slavery forces in the US Congress refused to accept Texas as a state. 1845, Texas finally merged into the United States, 1859, he became governor. 186 1 year, the civil war started, and many people in Texas supported the south, but Houston always opposed Texas joining the southern rebels. He was dismissed for refusing to swear to support the American Confederacy, and then retired from politics. He died in 1863. [ 1]

English

Houston ran for the governor of Texas twice as a unionist, 1857 failed, and 1859 and Hardin R. Runnels won the election. After his election, he became the only person who was elected as the governor of two States in the United States by universal suffrage. (Although Thomas McKean and John Dickinson were the chief executives of Delaware and Pennsylvania respectively in the late18th century, and governors of other states also served as governors of American territory, at least one of their positions was obtained through indirect election or appointment. )

Although Houston was a slave owner who opposed the abolition of slavery, he opposed the secession of Texas. An election convention voted to leave the United States on February 1 day, 186 1 day, and Texas joined the American Confederacy on March 2. Houston refused to recognize its legitimacy, but the Texas legislature supported the legitimacy of the split. The political forces that caused Texas to secede from the union were strong enough to replace the governor of the United Party in the state. Houston chose not to resist. He said, "I love Texas too much to let civil war and bloodshed happen to her. In order to avoid this disaster, I will not try my best to safeguard my authority as the chief executive of the state except peacefully exercising my functions and powers ... "He was expelled from the office on March 6 because he refused to swear allegiance to the Confederacy.

"My fellow citizens, in the name of your rights and freedoms, I think your rights and freedoms have been trampled on, and I refuse to take the oath. In the name of Texas nationality that has been betrayed by the convention, I refuse to take the oath. In the name of the Texas Constitution, I refuse to take the oath. In the name of my own conscience and masculinity, I refuse to take the oath, because this convention will drag me to it to cater to the malice of my enemies. I deny the right to represent Texas at this conference ... I protest ... all actions against this convention, and I declare them invalid. [30] "

He was replaced by Captain Governor Edward Clark. In order to avoid more bloodshed in Texas, Houston rejected the proposal made by American Colonel Frederick W. Lander to President Lincoln for 50,000 soldiers to prevent the secession of Texas. He said, "Please allow me to respectfully refuse any such assistance from the US government."

After leaving the governor's residence, Houston went to Galveston. Along the way, many people asked him to explain his refusal to support the Confederacy. On April 9, he said to the crowd from a hotel window:

Let me tell you what will happen next. After sacrificing countless wealth and thousands of lives, if God does not oppose you, you may win the independence of the South, but I doubt it. I tell you, although I believe in the rights of States as much as you do, the North is determined to maintain this union. They are not irritable and impulsive people like you, because they live in a cold climate. But when they start to move in a given direction, they move with a strong avalanche of stability and perseverance; What worries me is that they will flood the south. [3 1]