Legend of the old man's nest with two feet and little fingers

Ask me where my hometown is, the locust tree in Hongdong, Shanxi. What's your ancestral home? The old man's nest under the big locust tree.

When I was a child, I often heard the old man tell me the legend of the big locust tree, saying that his ancestors came from the big locust tree in Hong Tong, Shanxi Province, and his feelings for the big locust tree have formed a deep-rooted complex in my heart.

The ancient pagoda tree, also known as Hong Tong pagoda tree, was recorded in the Ming Dynasty. There is a Guangji Temple on the west side of Jia Cun of Erhuali in northern Hong Tong. The temple is grand and magnificent, and there are many monks and pilgrims. There is a "tree surrounded by mu of shade" next to the temple, and the avenue of chariots and horses passes through the shade. The old harriers on Fenhe beach nest in the trees and are scattered all over the floor, which is very spectacular. Although there are no magnificent buildings here, tourists come in an endless stream, regardless of the cold winter and hot summer. Some of them wrote poems and inscriptions to express their feelings of "thinking about the source of drinking water", while others looked up at the ancient pagoda and lingered for a long time, unwilling to leave.

Black old woman, also known as crow, is regarded as an ominous bird in the eyes of villagers. How did our ancestors live in a place called the lair? The song "The Nest under the Big Sophora Tree" is very popular in most parts of China. It is really strange that so many people take Hongtong County as their birthplace and an old tree as their heritage. All this should come from big immigrants. Hu Dahai's revenge is the most popular among the people in Henan and Shandong. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, there was a beggar wandering in Henan. He is ugly, wearing a shawl and untidy. He is as strong as an ox, but he is idle, which is despised by the villagers. People avoid him like evil spirits, even if there are leftovers, they don't give alms. As soon as he appeared, every family closed. One day, he suddenly broke into a rich man's house and stretched out a hairy black hand to beg for it. In order to humiliate him, the old woman wiped a big oil cake for her grandson and threw it to the dog to swallow, so that the dog bit out of the door. This beggar is Hu Dahai. Hu deeply felt that the people in the Central Plains were too bad, so he secretly vowed that one day he would make a fortune and come here to avenge himself. Later, Hu Dahai gave up and went to Zhu Yuanzhang. Hu brawn is a killer. On the battlefield, a beggar became the founding father of the Zhu Ming Dynasty because of his outstanding exploits. Zhu Hongwu was king in Nanking and rewarded the hero. Hu Dahai refused to accept revenge from the slaves of the Treasure Farm and the dynasty. Knowing that Hu is a demon killer, he hesitated and only allowed Hu to "kill within an arrow." Hu Lingbing went to Henan, and a wild goose flew from the sky, and Hu exulted. He drew his bow and shot an arrow, which hit the goose's tail. The geese fly south, fly over Henan, and then turn around and fly to Shandong. Hu Tongbing followed the geese to kill the two provinces of Henan and Shandong. "Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles" ... Of course, this is just a legend. And I have heard similar versions in different places myself. For example, there is a legend in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province that Zhu Yuanzhang begged and was humiliated in Wenzhou, so he had to "kill a hundred miles of land" when he pacified Wenzhou. At that time, Liu Bowen, a military adviser, set up a signpost in the northwest of the ancient city, which read "The Boundary of a Hundred Miles", and reported that Zhu Yuanzhang had fought a hundred miles to save the Wenzhou people from a massacre. Up to now, the place name of Wenzhou is still "Bailifang". Well-documented legends were all formed in the Qing Dynasty. Some of these legends are not reliable because of the dissatisfaction of immigrants and the political needs of future rulers.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a ballad circulating on both sides of the Yellow River: "A stone man with one eye provoked the Yellow River to rebel against the world." History tells us that this kind of rebellious ballad often appears on the eve of regime change, which not only reflects the people's gnashing hatred of the ruling class, but also is often a prophetic speech premeditated and borrowed by the peasant uprising army before it is uncovered. After the Yuan rulers unified China, they cruelly conquered and trampled on the Han people. Coupled with the repeated breaches of the Yellow River and Huaihe River, the people in the Central Plains were displaced and hungry. In the 11th year of Zheng Zheng (135 1), the Yellow River burst its banks and destroyed the Shandong saltworks, resulting in a sharp drop in the national treasury revenue. Never asking the Yuan rulers of the Yellow River, they had to force thirteen migrant workers, including Bian Liang and Daming, to dredge the Yellow River. One day in April, the civilian worker dug up a one-eyed stone man in the river in Lankao County. Two lines were engraved on the back of the stone man: "Taoist Mo has an eye, and this thing is out of the world." When the predictions in stone carvings are consistent with folk songs, it is the day when the peasant uprising army rises. Prior to this, Fang Guozhen had the meaning of being the first in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, and the fire was raging; After the stone man was dug up, Han and the descendants of the Anbaili Sect in Baotou, the Red Scarf Army, held a ceremony in Yingzhou, and the drums were even in the camp; Xu Shouhui exposed the pole in qi zhou and burned the boat on the river; The following year, Guo Zixing and Zhu Yuanzhang were promoted to righteousness in Haozhou, and the stone fell like rain; Then Zhang Shicheng rebelled in Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, attacking the city and plundering the land ... The Yuan government dispatched elite loyal ministers and launched a life-and-death struggle with various rebel forces in the Central Plains. The Yuan army was cruel and murderous. In September of 12th year, Prime Minister Yuan "smashed Xuzhou and slaughtered the city". In November of the 18th year, Liu Qi, the Yuan Army, held fast to Shunde, saying that "the people were robbed of food, cattle and horses were plundered, the strong were banished, and the weak killed food". At that time, in order to safeguard the interests of the class, some landlords also colluded with the Yuan Army. Wang Baobao and his son in Shanxi and Li Siqi in Shaanxi also sent troops to the north of Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong and Huaibei. Most of the land occupied by the Yuan Army and the landlord armed forces was "uprooting the land and killing the city". People in Henan, Shandong, northern Jiangsu and northern Anhui were killed 10. According to Ming Taizu, only 18 families died after Yangzhou was captured by Yuan Army. According to the records of Kaizhouzhi, after the Yuan army swept Puyang County, "the residents only had seven surnames, and Ding was less than a thousand". It is also recorded in wen county Village's "Cattle Family Tree" that the Yuan Army "fought in Henan, thousands of miles away ..."

In the era of cold weapons, war is often like a huge meat grinder, grinding the bodies of millions of Li Shu and soldiers into dust and squeezing out hundreds of tons of blood. After the Liu Futong Red Scarf Army was suppressed by the Yuan rulers, Zhu Yuanzhang sent troops to Jianghuai, made progress in Shandong, recovered Henan, set Kyoto in the north, and drove Yuan Di out of Mobei, ending the sixteen-year war.

War and famine are often two malignant tumors that coexist on the tree of history. During the war at the end of Yuan Dynasty, floods, droughts and locusts also occurred from time to time. From the first year of Zheng Zheng to the twenty-sixth year, the Yellow River and Huaihe River burst their banks frequently, and there were floods almost every year. In the Central Plains, "there is nothing to lose, countless people have died, and most villages and towns are deserted", "The grain is buried, and food is the most important thing for the people" ... Zhu Hongwu changed in Stone Town, and the people who suffered from war and famine just caught their breath, and it happened again, which shocked the readers' hearts. Hou of Tian Bin, his grandson? Succession. The Wen Jian emperor was born weak, which made the royal family stupid and the world aggressive. Zhu jun? In order to consolidate his power, he took the measure of "cutting the vassal", which annoyed his uncle Judy. Judy pushed Nanjing away from Beijing on the grounds of going to Beijing to punish traitors, and launched a tug-of-war with government forces for four years in Hebei, Shandong, Henan and Anhui. Li's genealogy of Xiao han cun in Linqing County, Shandong Province records: "King Gai Yan can't fight. When he writes, he fights with the north and south ... or kills, or cuts, or flees, six or seven hundred miles from east to west, nearly a thousand miles from north to south, and a few are hills and ruins." ……

When the tragic scenes were staged in Lu Yu, Zhao Yan, there were too many scenes in the east and Lvliang in the west, covering the land of Sanjin, but it was another scene. Here, the sun rises, the sun sets, the weather is favorable, and the crops are lush. The surname is Huan. Zhong You, a native of Yuan Dynasty, wrote in "The Story of Building a City in a House on the River (Zhou Pu)": "Today, there is nothing in the north and south of the Red River (Yellow River), while the residents of Hedong (southern Shaanxi) live together and take care of themselves." The most telling thing is population. In the fourteenth year of Hongwu (138 1 year), the population of Henan was 189 1 10,000, that of Hebei was18.93 million, and that of Shanxi was 4.034 million, more than the combined population of Hebei and Henan provinces.

When the population balance in China is seriously out of balance, Zhu Yuanzhang and his successor Judy, who are famous for their outstanding talents, are bound to look to Shanxi and invest in the south of Shanxi, where there will be great immigration. Legend has it that the great migration was successful because of a shady scam set by the Ming government.

At the beginning of the migration, the Ming government issued a notice in Sanjin: "Those who don't want to migrate, gather under the big locust tree in Hongdong and arrive within three days. I hope that the floating population can wait at home. " The news spread like wildfire, married and having children, native people from northern Shanxi, Jinzhong and southern Shanxi came with their children, surrounded by women. Within three days, 100,000 people gathered under the old pagoda tree. At this time, the officers and men of the brigade swarmed in and wrapped the masses tightly. An official announced loudly: "Emperor Daming has ordered that everything that comes under the big pagoda tree should be cleared away!" After that, the officers and men first handcuffed the young and middle-aged people to cangue, forcibly registered them and let them take pictures. One household was tied with ropes, and like grasshoppers, hundreds of people embarked on a journey of migration under the knife. ...

Around this great migration, the origin of the word "jieshou" and the reason of "little toe complex" have all been said by masters in Hebei, Shandong and Henan, and all women and children know it.

During the great migration, immigrants were bound with their hands and escorted on the road by officers and men. Every time they urinate, they have to report to ZhaJie: "Sir, please untie your hand, I want to urinate." Migrants who travel long distances, urinate frequently and are thirsty tend to simplify this verbal request. As long as you say "forget it, sir", you will understand what the other person means. Therefore, "Jieshou" has become synonymous with defecation.

There is a folk song in Shandong: "Whoever has two petals on his little toenail is a child under the big locust tree." I saw two couplets in the ancestral hall of Dahuaiyuan. One is "look up to where the stork's nest is now, and sit down and talk about the feelings of mulberries", and the other is "who is the servant of the ancient tree, and the little toe can test the shape of armor". Couplets and folk songs can be divided into refined and popular, both of which are about two petals of little toe. Legend has it that after the officers and men surrounded the people, they were afraid that the people would escape, so they cut off everyone's little toes with a knife to commemorate them. Later, the descendants of immigrants' toenails became complicated.

People in Jia Cun, Hong Tong, were the first to discover the magical cohesion of ancient Sophora japonica, and they were greatly inspired. At the end of Qing Dynasty, Jing Daqi became an official in Cao Zhou and made friends with Jing Shan. Liaocheng and Jinan are familiar, and wherever he goes, he goes from officials to civilians. He knew that Jing was from Hongdong, so he asked the pear to push the jujube, respect him, and treat him with three teas and six meals. At that time, Liu Guanglin, a native of Hongdong, was an official in Changshan, Shandong Province, and he was deeply impressed by the love of ancient trees by the descendants of immigrants. Jing and Liu Xiangshang discussed the preparation of the ancient Huai site, and soon raised more than 390 pieces of sycee in Changshan and sent them back to the preparation. There is a tablet pavilion engraved with "Ancient Sophora Tree" for root seekers to mourn, and there are three tea rooms for wanderers to taste tea and feel homesick.

At this moment, another incident happened in which an ancient pagoda sheltered the people in Hongdong, which made Shu worship the ancient pagoda site. After the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, Huang Zhang, a native of Zhaocheng County, led troops to assassinate Lu Zhongqi, the governor of Shanxi Province, and then Yuan Shikai sent a new governor, Zhang Xiluan, to lead the Lu Yongxiang department to attack the revolutionary army in Shanxi. Lu led the army south along the ancient post road to attack Linfen. Wherever he went, Huang Zhang's hometown, Zhaocheng County, suffered the most. When Zhang Ruiji, a celebrity in Zhao Cheng, wrote a letter to Yuan Shikai and the new governor Zhang Xiluan, he once described lujun's cruelty as follows: "No matter how rich or poor, no matter how high or low, all of them robbed and left no one behind. Hail and rain spread all over the country ... Three days later, it was finally transported to the south, with 400 cars, 300 camels, thousands of horses and bags. However, the soldiers in the army came to the ancient pagoda, dismounted and bowed, unable to kneel down, and provided the money robbed all the way under the "second generation ancient pagoda" tree. It turned out that most of the foot soldiers of the Lu army came from Hebei, Shandong and Henan. The descendants of these ancient Huai immigrants told each other that if they did anything harmful under the ancient Huai tree again, they would be ashamed of their ancestors. People of other nationalities in the foot soldiers, seeing that there are many Huai people in the army, dare not have any hope ... The local complex is really a complex emotion that even philosophers can't analyze. At this moment, these savage lives converged their absurd souls in front of the countryside, and the countryside awakened their conscience that has not disappeared!

More than 600 years have passed, and the ancient Sophora japonica in the Han Dynasty has ceased to exist and disappeared into the dust of history, while the third-generation Sophora japonica, which grew with the same root, is lush and full of vitality. Hu Aixiang's descendants are distributed in more than 20 provinces and 400 counties in China, and some are as far away as some countries and regions in South Asia. According to a data, there are 200 million people in China today who claim to know that their ancestors are from Hong Tong, Shaanxi Province, including more than 500 surnames and more than 500 counties and cities.