Who is Gao Xingjian, King of Qi? A Brief Introduction to the Life of French Chinese Playwright Gao Xingjian

20001October 4th was born in Ganzhou, Jiangxi during the Anti-Japanese War. Gao Yuntong's father is an employee of China Bank, and Gu Jiaxuan's mother is a member of the YMCA and an actress of the Anti-Japanese Troupe. Both of them were born in a big rotten family.

193 1 year, brother Gao was born. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, my father stayed in the bank as a reporter after losing his job. He works in private banks and shipping companies. Although Gao Xingjian's father often loses his job, he still enjoys a comfortable life. Young Gao Xingjian was educated by his mother because of his cowardice. Under her influence, Gao Xingjian became interested in drama, writing and painting.

Early liberation

1950, at the invitation of uncle Gao Xingjian, then an officer of Nanjing Military Region, the whole family moved to Nanjing. From 65438 to 0952, Gao Xingjian studied in Nanjing No.10 Middle School, which was originally a secondary school affiliated to Jinling University, a missionary school, so he was exposed to many western translators. During this time, Gao Xingjian recalled: "My foundation was laid there. My middle school life is completely like living in a dream. "

The road to French

Influenced by family and external environment, young Gao Xingjian's initial ideal was to become a physicist or mathematician. At the same time, because she loved acting with her mother since childhood, Gao Xingjian also had the desire to enter the Drama Academy. Gao Xingjian had to give up because he didn't meet the requirements of the director department. So, his ideal turned to a writer. After visiting the Chinese Department of Nanjing University, Gao Xingjian finally decided to apply for the major of foreign literature or painting, because the learning atmosphere there didn't conform to his idea of "literature lasts forever".

Because of his love of painting since childhood, Gao Xingjian learned sketch, watercolor, oil painting and clay sculpture from Mr. Yun Zongying, the earliest member of China Artists Association, and had the desire to apply for the Central Academy of Fine Arts, and he also got the support of Mr. Yun Zongying. But Gao Xingjian listened to her mother's advice and gave up applying for the Central Academy of Fine Arts.

When reviewing for the college entrance examination, Gao Xingjian reflected on his ideal of studying science and engineering. One afternoon, he came across an international publication made by * * in the school library. The life of surrealist painters and artists, poets and writers in Paris in the early 20th century described in the book deeply attracted him. So Gao Xingjian, who was only 17 years old, 1957 was admitted to the French major of Beijing Foreign Studies University. Gao Xingjian spent all his time in the library, during which he read a lot of Marxist-Leninist works and wrote plays and novels. After class, he and his classmates organized an overseas drama club which used to perform in French.

Literary career

From 65438 to 0962, after graduating from French Department of Beijing Foreign Studies University, Gao Xingjian worked as a translator in China International Bookstore.

1969, married 12' s girlfriend. They have a son, Gao Hang,

1970 was assigned to work in cadre schools, during which he worked as a teacher in Gangkou Middle School in Ningguo County, Anhui Province. 1973, joined the China * * * production party. From 65438 to 0975, he returned to Beijing as the French editor-in-chief of China Construction magazine. 1977 to the Foreign Liaison Committee of the Chinese Writers Association. 1May, 979, accompanied Ba Jin and other China writers to Paris as translators. After returning home, Gao Xingjian published Ba Jin in Paris. In the same year, the novella "Stars on a Cold Night" was published.

198 1 year transferred to Beijing People's Art Theatre as a screenwriter. In the same year, he published the Collection of Comments, which made a preliminary study on the techniques of modern novels. 1982, the drama Absolute Signal, written by Liu Huiyuan, a screenwriter of the Railway Art Troupe, premiered in Beijing People's Art Theatre. 1983, "Station" premiered in Beijing People's Art Theatre, and was soon banned for "eliminating spiritual pollution".

1984, he published a collection of novellas with a pigeon named red lips. From 65438 to 0985, the clay sculpture painting exhibition held by sculptor Yin Guang in Beijing began to attract the attention of domestic and foreign media. This is Gao Xingjian's only exhibition in Chinese mainland so far. In the same year, he was invited to visit five European countries for eight months and held a solo exhibition at the World Cultural Center in Berlin, which was an unexpected success. He won a huge sum of 40 thousand marks in painting sales. From then on, Gao Xingjian began his painting career, in order to cultivate his literary works and gain more writing freedom. 1986, because of the "anti-bourgeois liberalization" movement, the play The Other Side was banned.

Two marriages

In the ups and downs of the 1980s, he met Guo Changhui, a colleague who later became his second wife. Guo Changhui also graduated from Gao Xingjian's alma mater, the French Department of Beijing Foreign Studies University, but he is 13 years younger than Gao Xingjian. Both of them work in the Foreign Languages Bureau and got married on 1985. In the same year, Gao Xingjian went to Germany as a visiting scholar.

1986, Gao Xingjian returned to China, and his wife went to study at the Higher School of Journalism in Lille, France. After graduation, she became a reporter for Radio France International and the host of the Culture and Arts Festival.

At the end of 1987, he came to Paris, France, officially immigrated to France, and then reunited with his wife.

1989, the second marriage ended in failure. According to Liu, a mainland writer who has maintained a deep friendship with Gao Xingjian since 1970s, Gao Xingjian's ex-wife is also good at French, and currently works in French Radio. They divorced in the late 1980s and had no children.

Settle in France

65438-0987, Gao Xingjian was invited to work in German painting. 1988, he began to settle in Banuri, a suburb of Paris, and his life was difficult at first. From 65438 to 0989, he became a member of the French "figurative criticism salon" and participated in the salon's annual exhibition in the National Gallery of the Grand Palais in Paris for three consecutive years. 1992 was awarded "Knight of French Literature and Art" by the French government. 1997, he became a French citizen. From 65438 to 0999, Gao Xingjian's works participated in the Louvre 19 International Antiques and Art Biennale.

In the 1990s, Gao Xingjian wrote in Chinese and French. Life and death, Nightcrawler, dialogue and interrogation, weekend quartet, etc. June+10/October 65438+February 2000, Gao Xingjian's novel Lingshan won the Nobel Prize in Literature, which made him the first China writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. The Swedish Academy awarded the prize because "the universal value, profound insights and rich wit of its works have opened up a new path for China's novels and artistic dramas." 200 1 was awarded the honorary doctorate of literature by the Chinese University of Hong Kong. On February 25th, 2002, French President Jacques Chirac personally awarded Gao Xingjian "Knight of the Legion of Honor". In 2003, the French held the Year of Gao Xingjian in recognition of his achievements.

In an interview with BBC Chinese website on 20 10, Gao Xingjian joked that he "has three lives": "My first life is in China, and my second life is in France. After I won the Nobel Prize, I was seriously ill, so I survived and had another life. I joked that I had three lives. " Gao Xingjian admits that he has no intention of returning to China, and he has no fundamental idea of returning to China. He thinks that he is a citizen of the world now, and he can take root anywhere he lives. 20 13 1 1 In an interview with BBC TV in Singapore, Gao Xingjian said, "I have been away from China for 26 years. Some changes have taken place in China now, but I don't know and I don't care. I live in Europe now and care more about European culture. " At the same time, he admitted that he had never read Mo Yan's works.