Seafarers who immigrated to Germany

Changes of Chinese immigrants in Britain

Early seamen from China and later immigrants from Hong Kong and Macao started as laundries and restaurants in Britain, but now a new generation of immigrants are engaged in professional fields, which shows the resilience of China people in coping with environmental changes.

Unwilling to take responsibility for the recent foot-and-mouth disease incident, Chinese people living in Britain took to the streets to express their dissatisfaction and demanded that the government face up to and correct the false reports of the British media; Make a voice belonging to the local minority. Looking back, China immigrants from the initial drift to root-seeking, and even opened up their own world; From the rise and fall and development patterns of several key Chinatowns, we can see the similarities and differences in the faces and lifestyles of new and old immigrants, showing the tenacious vitality of Chinese people in constantly adapting to the changes of the times.

Early British immigrants came from China and four cities in Guangdong. /kloc-In the mid-9th century, China seamen were sold to Britain, and at that time, Liverpool was one of the most prosperous seaports in the world, so they all landed there, and China seamen with a little savings set up laundries. By 1920, there were nearly 100 local Chinese laundries. As a result, Liverpool has the oldest Chinatown in Europe, which has experienced a hundred years of vicissitudes.

The immigration law at that time did not allow these overseas Chinese to apply for spouses to go to Britain. In order to obtain permanent residency, they can only marry local prostitutes or Irish women. Zheng Junyao, former president of the Siyi Association in Lishi City, said that Siyi people have a long history in Lishi City and are the mainstream of immigrants. On the contrary, Hong Kong has fewer people from the New Territories, which is different from other parts of Britain. After World War II, more and more China sailors settled in Liverpool. However, since 1970s, Lishi's status as a seaport has declined, and Chinatown has lost its former glory.

Huang, vice president of the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce in Liverpool, is a typical overseas Chinese in Liverpool. At present, he comes down in the family. His father Huang Guangrui is an early immigrant from China, and his mother Zhang is over 5 1 year old. She lived in Kaiping when she was young, and later moved to Hong Kong. /kloc-When she was 0/2 years old, she went to Liverpool to study alone. In the 1970s, when she went to university to study business, her family was reunited in England. His wife Xenia Huang is also from Hongkong, and his father is a sailor. The family came to Liverpool in their early years.

After graduating from Huangda University, he was engaged in the catering industry, which was similar to the industry invested by his peers. In 1980s, Hongtu Supermarket was established to provide groceries in China. However, unlike ordinary Hong Kong immigrants, Huang has a master's degree and tries to get out of the catering industry. After entering middle age, Huang started a diversified career, such as setting up a wealthy investment company. In the 1990s, he helped Liverpool to establish the Chinatown Chamber of Commerce and served as the liaison for the Chinese community in Lishi. He also helps the younger generation to enter new technology industries. Huang Yu 1994 was awarded the title of Justice of the Peace and is still an amateur magistrate.