Residents' Activities in Laohuang County

People in Laohuang County go to the three northeastern provinces to do business, which is called "going to the East". Why is it called "going to the East"? The Qing government called the northeast of China "the land of Longxing", fearing that a large number of Han people would move into Shanhaiguan, damaging the interests of its banners and undermining the Manchu customs and order. In the seventh year of Kangxi (1668), the measures became more and more severe, from partial to whole, from customs clearance to expulsion of refugees. Although the ban is getting more and more severe, it can't completely prevent people from entering the northeast. Under the heavy pressure of life year after year and natural disasters, more and more farmers in Shandong and Hebei provinces have either crossed the ocean illegally or crossed the Great Wall privately, and flocked to the sleeping northeast Woye. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the number of people going to Dongdu reached140,000, and there were about 3,000 people in Huangxian County alone every year. 1899, Japanese scholar Keizo Obuchi recorded the real historical picture of China in that year: from Fengtian to Xingjing, I saw my husband riding a unicycle and a woman sitting on it. A child is crying, the husband is pushing behind, the younger brother is pulling in front, the old woman is on crutches, and the young girl lives alone. On the way, the husband scolded the young woman and the old mother called the child. Teams always enter Tonghua, Huairen, Hailong City and Chaoyang Town, opposite each other. From Fengtian to Jilin, Shandong immigrants slept all the way. Despite the ban, thousands of bankrupt farmers risked their lives to "rush" into the northeast. These were all carried out under the ban policy of the Qing government, so they were called "de-orientalization".

Why "go to the East"? From the starting point, people in Laohuang County actually need to survive. I have to make a living in the northeast because of the dense population, narrow territory and natural and man-made disasters. As far as the destination is concerned, the social productive forces in Northeast China are relatively backward, most of the land has not been reclaimed, and commercial activities are lagging behind, which has a broad way to make money. People in Laohuang County have a long history of going to Kanto for business. Some of them send money to their hometown, some take their property back to their hometown for the New Year, some get rich and build big houses in their hometown. These have stimulated more Huangxian people to make a living outside the customs. In some villages in Laohuang County, almost every household has a trip to the Kanto, and even the young people in the village are regarded as worthless by the villagers if they don't, and the custom of going to the Kanto has gradually formed. Therefore, in Laohuang County, when the labor force is slightly abundant, or when there are natural and man-made disasters, the first thing that comes to mind is to bring family tapes or gather friends and relatives to flock to Kanto to make a living.

People are the carriers of culture and information, and the flow of people is actually the flow of culture. The large-scale advance of Central Plains culture and Qilu culture to the northeast is actually a plane transplant of Central Plains culture and Qilu culture. There are similar differences in language, religious belief, customs, family system, ethics and economic behavior between North China and Northeast China. The flow of people breaks the restrictions between regions, promotes the dissemination, exchange, integration and complementarity of social economy and culture, helps to improve the quality of the population, and promotes the coordination and unification of social economy and culture, the exchange of goods, the complementarity of resources and the integration of cultural customs in Northeast China and Shanhaiguan. Therefore, population mobility has far-reaching historical significance.