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Vienna, the capital of Austria, is a world-famous city, located in the Vienna basin at the northern foot of the Alps in the northeast of Austria, surrounded by mountains on three sides, and the Danube River passes through the city, surrounded by the famous Vienna forest. The area is 4 14.5 square kilometers. The population is 65,438+563,000 (2000), accounting for more than one fifth of the national population. It is the political, economic and cultural center of Austria and the capital of Lower Austria. Railway hub from western Europe to Balkan Peninsula, Danube port.

Vienna State and Vienna City: 4 14 square kilometers, population 1.7 million.

Vienna, the capital of Austria, is a city and a state. The area of this state is only 0.5% of the national territory, but one fifth of Austria's population is concentrated here. Vienna is the political, economic and cultural center of Austria. The Austrian Federal Parliament, the National Assembly, the Presidential Palace, the Prime Minister's Office, various ministries and commissions of the national government and the highest judicial institutions are all gathered in this city. At the same time, Vienna enjoys an important international status. Both the United Nations and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries have offices in Vienna. Vienna used to be the capital of Austria-Hungary, and its luxurious style still exists. It is one of the oldest and most important cultural, artistic and tourist cities in Europe. After World War II, the Viennese rebuilt the destroyed city. Today, all the historic buildings in Vienna have been renovated. With Austria's accession to the European Union, Vienna has become the center of business and economic exchanges between East and West. For tourists, Vienna has all kinds of faces. Music lovers can go to the Music Temple not far from Wan Li to listen to a concert. For many tourists, it will be a lifelong regret not to see the charming Danube. Vienna Information Network will accompany you to appreciate all this. ...

Vienna is the capital of Austria, a famous music city and an international tourist attraction. It is located on the Danube River at the northern foot of the Alps in northeast China, in the Viennese basin.

Vienna is the largest city in Austria and one of the oldest and most important cultural, artistic and tourist cities in Europe. Vienna forest surrounds the urban area, and the Danube flows quietly from the urban area. The famous Vienna forest surrounds the city from the west, north and south, and the vast eastern European plain faces it from the east. It is lush and full of vitality. Vienna, with its beautiful environment and charming scenery, is known as the "Danube Goddess". Vienna is an ancient city with a history of 1800 years. In 1 century, the Romans built castles here, and in 1, 654,38+0.37, it became the first city of Austrian parks. At the end of 13 century, a large number of magnificent Gothic buildings appeared in the city, which became the capital of the Roman Empire and the economic center of Europe after 15 century. /kloc-In the 0/8th century, with the prosperity of art, Vienna was famous as the "City of Music".

Vienna has a climate of Central Europe. Influenced by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the temperature difference between winter and summer, day and night is large and rainy, while the eastern part has a continental climate with small temperature difference and little rainfall. Alpine areas have long winters and cool summers. The average temperature in July is 14- 19 degrees Celsius, and the highest temperature is generally 32 degrees Celsius.

Known as the "City of Music"

Attractions: Albertina Museum, Stephen Cathedral, Hofburg Palace, Sch? nbrunn Palace, Vienna Museum of Art History, vienna state opera.

BC is the Celtic settlement. The Romans built castles here in the 1 th century. It was first recorded as "Vinia" in 88 1 year.12nd century became a handicraft and commercial center.13rd century to 19 18 was the capital of the Habsburg dynasty, and later the capital of Austria. 1 137 is the first city in the Austrian Principality. /kloc-at the end of 0/3, with the rise and rapid development of the Habsburg royal family, magnificent Gothic buildings have sprung up like mushrooms after rain. /kloc-After the 5th century, it became the capital of the Holy Roman Empire and the economic center of Europe. /kloc-In the 8th century, Maria Tilesia and her son were keen on reform, attacking church forces, promoting social progress, and at the same time bringing prosperity to art, making Vienna gradually become the center of European classical music and gaining the reputation of "Music City". From 1945, it was managed by the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France. 1955 After signing a peace treaty with Austria, the armies of the four countries retreated.

Vienna is known as the "Danube Goddess". Beautiful environment and charming scenery. It is mild in winter and cool in summer. Vienna Forest Mountain, a branch of the Eastern Alps, stretches in the western suburbs with lush trees. To the west of the mountain is a gorgeous residential area, surrounded by gardens and vineyards. The Danube River passes through the city, and the water is picturesque. Climbing to the foothills of the Alps in the west of the city, you can have a panoramic view of the undulating "Vienna Forest"; The east of the city faces the Danube Basin and overlooks the shining green peaks of Carpathian Mountain. The vast grassland in the north is like a huge green brocade, and the blue Danube winds through it. The house is built on the mountain, with thick buildings and distinct layers. From a distance, various styles of church buildings cast an ancient and solemn color on this city with green mountains and clear waters. The streets in the city are radial rings with a width of 50 meters, the inner city is in the ring road, and the trees on both sides of the boulevard cover the sky. The cobblestone streets in the inner city crisscross, and there are few high-rise buildings, mostly baroque, Gothic and Romanesque buildings. The spires of St. Stefan's Cathedral and the Twin Towers in the Middle Ages are towering into the sky, and its south tower is 138 meters high, overlooking the whole city. Chamberlain Palace is the summer palace of Habsburg dynasty, with Greek architecture, statues and fountains. There are many big parks on the island between the Danube and the Danube Canal. The National Opera House, built in 1869, is called the world opera center. 1857, a 57-meter-wide and 4-kilometer-long circular avenue, is surrounded by museums, city halls, parliaments, universities, national opera houses and other important buildings. It is one of the most beautiful urban passages in Europe. There is an intermediate layer between the circular road and another parallel circular road, with a commercial area, a residential area, a palace and a church in the middle. Outside the second ring road is the outer layer, and there are elegant parks, beautiful villas and other palace buildings in the west of the city. Among these numerous palaces, Schon Blom Palace, located in the southwest of the city, stands out as a relic of the prosperous period in Austrian history. Located in the southeast of the city, this "beautiful palace" was built by Emperor prinz eugen in the early 8th century A.D./KLOC-0 to resist the Turkish invasion. Tourism is developed. Northeast suburb and southern suburb are industrial areas, with metallurgy, machinery, automobile, railway vehicles, chemical industry and other departments, and the output of clothing and printing accounts for more than half of the country.

The name of Vienna is always associated with music. Many great musicians, such as Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, johann strauss and his sons Gluck and Brahms, have spent many years here. Haydn's Emperor Quartet, Mozart's The Wedding of Figaro, Beethoven's Symphony of Destiny, Pastoral Symphony, Moonlight Sonata, Heroic Symphony, Schubert's Swan Song, Winter Journey, johann strauss's The Blue Danube and The Story of the Vienna Forest were all born here. Their statues stand in many parks and squares, and many streets, auditoriums and conference halls are named after these musicians. The former residence and cemetery of musicians are visited and mourned by people all the year round. Today, Vienna has the most luxurious national opera house, famous concert hall and first-class symphony orchestra in the world. Every June 65438+1 October1holds a new year concert in the golden hall of Vienna Music Friends Association.

Besides new york and Geneva, Vienna is the third United Nations city. Austria International Center, also known as "United Nations City", which was built in 1979, is magnificent and is the concentration place of many United Nations agencies. It was once the seat of the central institution of the Habsburg dynasty that ruled Europe for a long time; 18 14 Austrian prime minister and foreign minister metternich showed the political power of intrigue at the protracted Vienna conference; 18 15 The emperors of Russia, the United States and Austria concluded the so-called "holy alliance" in order to put out the bourgeois revolution; Under the influence of the European Revolution from 65438 to 0848, the barricade war broke out in Vienna, and metternich fled to London. 1867 became the capital of Austria-Hungary, the European overlord; In the early 1930s, Hitler became the leader of Nazi Germany, and in March 1938, he led his troops into Vienna, thus starting the Second World War. During the war, the whole city was bombed 53 times in turn, and many classical buildings were destroyed. 1955 In May, the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain, France and Austria signed the Treaty on Rebuilding an Independent and Democratic Austria in the "Beautiful Palace" conference hall, thus ending the occupation of the four countries for 10 years; 195510 June 16, the Austrian parliament declared the constitutional law "permanently neutral", and this day was designated as the National Day.

Austria is called "the heart of Europe" and Vienna is "the heart of the heart". Vienna has been a transportation hub connecting East and West Europe since ancient times and an important passage between the Baltic Sea and the Adriatic Sea.

Vienna-the capital of history and culture: Vienna is always full of colorful and attractive cultural programs. Whether it is classical music or modern drama, film and dance choreographer or opera, musical, art exhibition or concert, no matter when you visit it, you will have unlimited exploration and deep impression. You can also sit leisurely in the world-famous Vienna Cafe with a strong atmosphere and have a cup of coffee, or visit first-class traditional wineries. In Vienna, you can also taste delicious and advanced cooking techniques from European countries.

Vienna-City of Music: Music has been inseparable from Vienna for centuries. It is the birthplace of musical geniuses Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert and johann strauss. Vienna's long musical tradition continues to this day. The Vienna Symphony Orchestra and Vienna Boys' Choir, which are world-renowned, always get warm applause from the full audience in their tour performances around the world. The Vienna Conservatory of Music has continuously trained musicians who stand out in the international music scene. In addition, Vienna's rich and active modern pop music stages and places have also attracted many young people. If you like music, Vienna is absolutely unforgettable. Vienna cannot live without music for almost a day. When people walk, they can always hear an elegant waltz. On summer nights, there are open-air concerts in the park. Melodious jumps are mixed with the fragrance of flowers and plants, and the elegance echoes in the evening breeze. Many families in Vienna have a tradition of playing indoors, especially when the family is happy, they always play, and beautiful melodies spread all over the streets. More interestingly, when holding opportunities, celebrations and even government affairs, it is almost a practice to put a piece of classical music before and after the meeting.

Historical population

At the beginning of the 20th century, Vienna was the sixth largest city in the world. The population of Vienna grew rapidly during the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867- 19 18), when many immigrants from other parts of the empire gathered in Vienna. After the First World War, many Czechs returned to their motherland, which led to a decrease in the population of this city. In the following immigration period, about one third of the population had Slavic and Hungarian surnames.

Note: Vienna is not the capital of Lower Austria, but an independent state. The capital of Lower Austria is Sankt P? Lten (abbreviation: St.P? lten)

Austria's national day is not 65438+1October 65438+June, but 65438+1October 26th.

Golden hall

A concert in the literature hall. Since 1939, the Vienna New Year Concert has been held here every year, with the time of 65438+ 10/0/.Due to the interruption of the war, 1 959 resumed.

The Golden Hall is the oldest and most modern concert hall in Vienna. It is a legal place to hold Vienna New Year Concert every year.

The Golden Hall was built in 1867 and completed in 1869. This is an Italian Renaissance building. The exterior walls are yellow and red, and there are many statues of music goddesses standing on the roof, which are simple and chic. The Vienna Symphony Orchestra holds at least 12 concerts here every quarter. 1870 65438+1On October 6th, the Golden Auditorium of the Concert Hall held its first performance. 1872 to 1875, the famous musician Brahms was responsible for organizing music.

Vienna New Year Concert is famous all over the world. More than 30 countries and regions watched the live broadcast of 1993 New Year Concert through TV satellite, with the audience reaching more than 10 billion. There is a collection hall in the hall, which is divided into two rooms. One is an exhibition, which regularly holds exhibitions of collectibles for people to visit. One is the archives room, and the shelves on one side are filled with a large number of handwritten, woodcut and printed music books and scores; On the other side is a row of iron boxes, which contain music manuscripts, letters and other musicians' handwriting, including Mozart's Music Manuscripts: The Last Symphony and Schubert's Manuscripts: The Unfinished Symphony. In the middle of the room is a long row of tables for researchers to consult. The archives used to be Brahms' office. Before he died, he repeatedly told him to donate all his thousands of music books and music scores to the archives.

The concert hall belongs to the Austrian Friends of Music Association, which has more than 7,000 members and is said to be the oldest and largest music organization in the world. The first performance 1 187 was performed by colleagues of the association.

The resplendent architectural style and gorgeous sound effects make it worthy of the resplendent reputation. In the annual TV New Year Concert, music lovers all over the world can watch the "Golden Hall" while listening to music. From the day the concert hall was completed, the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra camped here. The "Golden Hall" and the Vienna Philharmonic complement each other, and the "World's No.1 Orchestra" and the "World's Chief Concert Hall" complement each other.

Compared with Amsterdam Concert Hall and Carnegie Concert Hall in new york, this "rectangular shoe box" is really a little longer and narrower. However, its voice is very fluid. Here, the balance between stringed instruments and woodwind instruments, woodwind instruments and brass instruments has reached an ingenious realm. It is precisely because of this that the annual New Year Concert brings unforgettable audio-visual enjoyment to music lovers all over the world.

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