Economic survey of steel bar industry

1) The income of farmers and herdsmen is higher than the national average, and the income of the primary industry still accounts for an absolute proportion. In 2005, the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen in Hohhot, Baotou, Hubei and Bazhou were 463 1 yuan, 4,667 yuan, 460 1 yuan and 4,265 yuan respectively, all exceeding the net income level of farmers and herdsmen in the whole region (2,989 yuan) and the national net income level (3,225 yuan). Compared with 200 1, it increased by 2070 yuan, 2 109 yuan, 2343 yuan and 1686 yuan respectively, with an average annual growth of 15.9%, 16.2% and19.5. From the source of income, the income structure is relatively simple, and the proportion of primary industry income to net income reaches 62%, 56%, 57% and 8 1% respectively.

(2) The contribution of non-agricultural income has increased, but there are obvious differences among regions. In 2005, the non-agricultural income (including property income and transfer income) of farmers and herdsmen in Hohhot, Baotou, Hubei and Pakistan reached 1.75 yuan, 2,042 yuan, 1.986, 5,438+0 yuan and 829 yuan, respectively, compared with1.659 yuan in 2006. The contribution rates of the five years to the income growth of farmers and herdsmen were 28%, 43.5%, 54% and 33% respectively, which were higher than those in the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, but there was still a certain gap with the national average (above 65%). In addition, the development of non-agricultural economy in the four cities is unbalanced. In 2005, the proportion of non-agricultural income in net income of Hohhot, Baotou, Hubei and Bazhong was 37.8%, 43%, 43.7% and 19.4%, respectively, which was higher than that of Erdos, Bayannaoer and Baotou in 2006 by 16 and 438+.

(3) Wage income is the main source of non-agricultural income increase, and the development of secondary and tertiary industries in rural and pastoral areas is very weak. In 2005, the wage income of farmers and herdsmen in Hohhot, Baotou, Hubei and Bazhong were 1.047 yuan, 1.065438 yuan, 1.365 yuan and 463 yuan respectively, which were 378 yuan, 883 yuan and 263 yuan higher than that in 2006. Wage income accounts for more than 50% of non-agricultural income, and Ordos City accounts for more than 60%. Wage income is the main source of non-agricultural income increase. At the same time, the income of secondary and tertiary industries accounts for less than 15% of non-agricultural income, which has little contribution to the income growth of farmers and herdsmen.

It can be seen that at present, the development of non-agricultural economy in western Inner Mongolia is mainly based on exporting human resources to obtain labor income, with little real operating non-agricultural income, and the development of non-agricultural economy is still at a low level.

Second, the main factors affecting the growth of non-agricultural income in Inner Mongolia

(A) the industrial structure is seriously agro-pastoral. The per capita arable land in Inner Mongolia is 8.3 mu, which is three times that of the whole country. Per capita grassland 122 mu, ranking first in the country. The resources of agriculture and animal husbandry have comparative advantages, and the primary industry has high comparative benefits. The income of the primary industry in the four cities surveyed is absolutely dominant, and the income of non-agricultural and animal husbandry only accounts for 19% to 43%. Although the proportion of primary industry income in Bayannaoer City has been decreasing year by year, it still reached 8 1% in 2005, and the main source of income is still the primary industry, especially planting. Even in Ordos City, where industrialization is fast, nearly 60% of farmers and herdsmen's income still comes from the primary industry, and the proportion of non-agricultural income is lower than the national average 16 percentage points. Due to the rapid development of dairy farming in Hohhot in recent years, the proportion of primary industry in the income of farmers and herdsmen has greatly increased. The serious agricultural industrial structure shows that the development of rural non-agricultural industries in Inner Mongolia lags far behind the national average. .

(2) The ideology is relatively backward. Another problem brought by the rich resources of agriculture and animal husbandry is that farmers and herdsmen have deep-rooted ideas of being rich and secure. In the process of promoting the management of non-agricultural industries, some grassroots leaders attach importance to agriculture, but they do not have enough ideological understanding of the development of secondary and tertiary industries. Farmers and herdsmen in some areas are not enthusiastic about going out to work. Liu Jinniu, a farmer from Xinxing Village, Baiyinnaobao Town, Linhe District, Bayannaoer City, thinks that "pork is not eaten by mistake, soju is not drunk by mistake, and life is smooth", "my son is not at ease when he goes out, and his daughter is not at ease", so it is better to stay with him.

(C) difficulties in financing the development of rural secondary and tertiary industries. The development of county economy in Inner Mongolia is slow, which plays a very limited role in promoting the development of rural secondary and tertiary industries. Guyang County, Baotou lacks potato processing enterprises, and all commercial potatoes are shipped out with fresh potatoes. Farmers in Hongyawan Village, Jinshan Town, the county only spent more than 900,000 yuan on the freight of fresh potatoes sold locally. At the same time, the development of secondary and tertiary industries in rural and pastoral areas is plagued by financing difficulties, which not only makes it difficult to develop and grow, but also makes some survival problems. Farmers and herdsmen who have business plans in immigrant village in Dongsheng District of Ordos and Baiyinnaobao Town in Linhe District of Bayannaoer City all report that loans are not available and there are no loan channels. Entrepreneurship loans set up by the state are only for laid-off workers in cities, and farmers and herdsmen cannot enjoy loans if they set up secondary and tertiary industries on the spot or start businesses in cities. In addition, except as otherwise provided by the state, preferential policies such as exemption from industrial and commercial registration and collection of relevant taxes and fees for mobile vendors legally operating in rural and pastoral areas have not been fully implemented, and management fees are still being collected in some places.

(4) The basic work of rural labor transfer is backward, the degree of organization of migrant workers is low, and the employment environment of migrant workers still needs to be improved. The organizational leadership system, information system and rights protection system of farmers and herdsmen's work have not been fully established. 70% of the work of farmers and herdsmen is spontaneous, and the organizational function of the government is not in place. Children of farmers and herdsmen go to school, and old-age insurance and medical insurance are still not included in the overall planning scope of working cities. The villagers in Shuangshu Village, Saihan District, Hohhot said that after they moved to the urban area, they paid as much old-age insurance as the original urban residents, but they didn't get 200 yuan. The original urban residents were in 650 yuan every month, and they only received 4 18 yuan. Children of foreign villagers in Dataishu, Saihan District cannot enjoy the "two exemptions and one supplement" in education. For the Wumeng people in the city of Gai Lou, they can't buy a local house after working for more than ten years, so they can only rent a house in the south. Farmers and herdsmen working in foreign cities such as Beijing cannot transfer their pension insurance and medical insurance provident fund accounts when they go to other cities or return home, and the management of social security funds needs to be further improved.

(E) Vocational and technical education and training in rural and pastoral areas is lagging behind. Many vocational and technical schools in the whole region have been merged into ordinary schools. The existing vocational and technical schools have insufficient investment in vocational education, poor conditions for running schools, lack of teachers, laboratories, training venues and teaching equipment suitable for their majors, and high operating costs, which are difficult to meet the teaching requirements. A few years ago, the education reform in Qixian District of Ordos City merged all vocational and technical schools into ordinary high schools, resulting in no secondary vocational and technical schools in every county. The acceleration of industrialization has greatly increased the employment gap of technicians in Ordos, and similar situations exist in other three cities to varying degrees. A considerable number of students who failed in the college entrance examination in rural pastoral areas of the four cities returned to rural pastoral areas for employment, which increased the number of farmers and herdsmen, and required the society to attach great importance to it and strengthen employment training. However, at present, except Erdos City, no effective arrangements have been made for the vocational and technical education and training of these new farmers and herdsmen.

At present, the state has little subsidies and low standards for the transfer training of farmers and herdsmen, which is difficult to meet the needs of effective training of farmers and herdsmen. Due to the weak self-raising ability of farmers and herdsmen, most counties and districts do not arrange matching funds for transfer training. The subsidy funds for each person in 300 yuan are only a drop in the bucket, and only some guiding and simple job training can be carried out. It is difficult to organize training with high orders and skills according to market demand, resulting in low training quality and insignificant benefits. According to the calculation of Hohhot Education Bureau, in 2006, rural students living in six secondary vocational schools directly under the Municipal Education Bureau had to pay about 3,900 yuan for tuition and living expenses every year, while in 2006, the highest subsidy from the state and autonomous regions for students from poor families in secondary vocational schools was 1 1,000 yuan per student. "Sunshine Project" 15 to 3 months, the state only subsidizes 300 yuan, which can't meet the needs of mastering employment skills at all. There is a phenomenon that students cannot be recruited in all four cities. Sometimes, the training quality is greatly reduced when the time is half and the people are half gone.

In addition, the training resources are scattered, and the training programs for farmers and herdsmen are scattered in science and technology, education, employment, poverty alleviation, agriculture and animal husbandry and other departments. Four cities call for the integration of training resources for farmers and herdsmen.

Third, effective measures and suggestions to increase non-agricultural income

We will continue to adhere to the strategic thinking formed since the seventh and eighth party congresses of the autonomous region, focus on solving the problem of non-agriculture of agriculture and animal husbandry, accelerate the urbanization of rural pastoral areas, reduce the population of agriculture and animal husbandry, and transfer farmers and herdsmen. Make full use of the results of the second agricultural census, make development plans and make scientific decisions on this basis. In-depth understanding of the employment structure, industrial structure, income structure and investment intention of farmers and herdsmen in rural and pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia. According to the survey, the non-agricultural income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia has been effectively increased.

(a) continue to promote the interactive strategy of industrialization, industrialization and urbanization of agriculture and animal husbandry, and broaden the channels for farmers and herdsmen to increase their income.

First, accelerate the process of industrialization in rural and pastoral areas. Take the promotion of industrialization in rural pastoral areas as the key work in the next five years, strive to increase the proportion of labor employment in secondary and tertiary industries in rural pastoral areas, increase the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries in rural pastoral areas' economy, and increase the proportion of income from secondary and tertiary industries in the income of farmers and herdsmen, so as to accelerate the industrialization process in rural pastoral areas. Focus on the development of agricultural and livestock products processing industry, service industry and labor-intensive enterprises. Formulate perfect supporting policies and measures, so that the development of secondary and tertiary industries in rural pastoral areas is planned, targeted, focused, measured, inspected and assessed, and incorporated into the work assessment indicators of governments at all levels in rural pastoral areas.

Second, focus on developing the county economy and speeding up the process of urbanization. Take the county economy, which is the most direct and closest to driving the income growth of farmers and herdsmen, as the most important carrier and platform layout for planning the economy of rural pastoral areas. Non-agricultural industries and animal husbandry are the focus of county economic development. Focusing on labor transfer and income increase in rural pastoral areas, focusing on labor market demand, we will strengthen the transfer training of farmers and herdsmen, develop labor-intensive industries, and create conditions for population transfer in rural pastoral areas. Reasonably divide the resources of agriculture and animal husbandry, and prohibit population transfer in rural and pastoral areas in development zones.

Third, vigorously promote the industrialization of agriculture and animal husbandry. The development practice of agriculture and animal husbandry industrialization in Bayannaoer and Hohhot proves that an industry driven by leading enterprises has strong vitality. In 2005, the income brought by an industry in Bayannaoer City to farmers and herdsmen exceeded the national average income of farmers, reaching about 3,400 yuan. The income brought by the primary industry in Hohhot to farmers and herdsmen also reached nearly 3,000 yuan, which was attributed to industrialization. It is necessary to develop pillar industries and leading products in rural areas, promote the development of related industrial clusters, and transform industrial advantages and product advantages into employment opportunities and income-increasing channels for farmers.

(2) Vigorously improve the employment environment of migrant farmers and herdsmen, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, broaden employment channels, develop labor economy, and effectively increase income. It is necessary to formulate specific preferential policies for population transfer in rural pastoral areas, so that the transferred population in rural pastoral areas can reduce the cost of living after entering the city and enjoy the same treatment as urban residents in life, employment, housing, social security and children's admission to the park. Put forward opinions on strengthening departmental coordination in an all-round way, and instruct the industrial office of farmers and herdsmen to issue policies. And take the lead in urging the implementation of the current policies on farmers and herdsmen: 65,438+08 policy documents and supporting measures such as "Several Opinions of the State Council on Solving the Problems of Migrant Workers" (Guo Fa [2006] No.5) implemented by the Labor and Social Security Department of the Autonomous Region, and "Notice on Further Cleaning up and Eliminating Discriminatory Provisions and Unreasonable Charges for Cross-regional Employment of Farmers and Migrant Workers" implemented by the Development and Reform Commission of the Autonomous Region (NDRC Price [2004] 65, No.438) the State Council's Opinions on Solving the Problem of Migrant Workers > Implementation Opinions (Jiaochengcheng [2006] No.6) and other two policy documents and supporting measures, such as Notice on Relevant Issues (Guo Zi Fa [2006] No.28) and Guiding Opinions of the People's Bank of China on Improving and Strengthening Financial Services for Migrant Workers (Yinfa [.

The education department and the financial department should study and solve the policy of "two exemptions and one subsidy" covering urban and rural farmers and herdsmen, and increase investment in educational resources so that their children can afford to go to school. The Social Security Bureau and the Department of Finance should study policies and measures to solve the problem of bringing farmers and herdsmen with stable employment into the social security scope of their towns, and at the same time allow them to retain and participate in the new cooperative medical insurance and endowment insurance in rural and pastoral areas where their household registration is located. The construction department, the National Development and Reform Commission and the financial department should study and solve the housing problem of farmers and herdsmen. The office of farmers and herdsmen and the department of agriculture and animal husbandry shall guarantee the contractual management right of farmers and herdsmen who work in cities according to law. Actively develop the labor economy and effectively increase the income of farmers and herdsmen.

(three) to strengthen the vocational and technical education and training of farmers and herdsmen, and cultivate new farmers and herdsmen.

It is necessary to run vocational education in rural pastoral areas well and change the pursuit of further education as the main goal to the pursuit of employment as the main goal. Expand the scale of vocational education, offer practical professional courses, so that students can master practical technology systematically and get employment as soon as possible after graduation.

Increase the input of farmers and herdsmen in vocational and technical education and raise the subsidy standard of vocational education. It is suggested that all middle and high school students who have registered in rural and pastoral areas and participated in the college entrance examination should be sent to vocational and technical schools, so that they can have the skills to enter cities and towns to engage in secondary and tertiary industries in the future, and the tuition fees should be paid by the government. According to the results of many surveys conducted by the Poverty Alleviation Office of the Autonomous Region, to cultivate a skilled worker who is recognized by the market and can be employed, at least 1 0,000-1,500 yuan is needed. On the basis of state subsidies to 300 yuan, Erdos expanded the subsidies for sunshine projects from cities and counties to 600 yuan, reaching 900 yuan per person. It is suggested that the autonomous region should raise the subsidy to 300 yuan, so that the subsidy for job-transfer training in qualified places can reach per person 1.200 yuan.

Integrate educational resources, make full use of existing educational resources and bring private schools into national education; Integrate and utilize the existing resources scattered in various departments for the training of farmers and herdsmen to form a joint force. It is necessary to establish a joint meeting system for the training of farmers and herdsmen, so that the training of farmers and herdsmen is organized, organized, funded, equipped and guaranteed.

(4) Deepen the reform of management system in rural and pastoral areas, develop modern agriculture and animal husbandry, and fully tap the potential of increasing income within agriculture and animal husbandry. The per capita possession of agricultural resources such as cultivated land, grassland and pasture by farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia has great relative advantages. Even if it exceeds the national average net income of farmers, with the support of the national policy of benefiting farmers, the primary industry will remain the main channel and the most realistic choice for farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia to increase their income for a long time to come. On the basis of stabilizing and improving the household contract management system, we will promote the transfer of contracted management rights of land and grassland according to law and promote the scale operation of agriculture and animal husbandry; Vigorously develop professional cooperative organizations of farmers and herdsmen to improve the degree of organization of agricultural and animal husbandry production and management; Actively promote the scientific and technological progress of agriculture and animal husbandry, increase the contribution rate of science and technology, strive to improve the mechanization level of agriculture and animal husbandry, and improve the production efficiency of agriculture and animal husbandry. Fully tap the advantages of agriculture and animal husbandry resources and the potential of increasing income within agriculture and animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia, develop modern agriculture and animal husbandry, and build a new socialist countryside and pastoral area.

(five) to implement the national policy of benefiting farmers and increase policy support and financial support for agriculture and animal husbandry; Effectively solve the problem of financing difficulties for farmers and herdsmen to set up secondary and tertiary industries; Accelerate the transformation of county and township government functions and create a good environment for improving the non-agricultural income of farmers and herdsmen. It is necessary to faithfully implement the compensation policy for farmers and herdsmen whose land has been expropriated, increase subsidies for returning farmland to forests, grain, purchasing agricultural machinery and improved varieties, control the price increase of agricultural means of production, standardize the market of agricultural means of production, prevent the burden of farmers and herdsmen from rebounding, leave no dead ends in the implementation of various policies to benefit farmers, and increase the policy and property income of farmers and herdsmen.

The finance of the autonomous region should arrange certain funds to provide discount loans for farmers and herdsmen to set up secondary and tertiary industries and small and medium-sized enterprises that process and circulate agricultural and livestock products in agricultural and pastoral areas to promote their development and broaden the channels for farmers and herdsmen to increase their non-agricultural income.

After the county and township financial reform, the core task is to change the government functions. The township government no longer undertakes the tax task, but focuses on providing services for farmers and herdsmen to increase their income and become rich, creating a good development environment for improving their non-agricultural income.