One of Longyang: Historical Evolution

Longyang District was originally Baoshan City (county level), located in the southwest of Yunnan Province. Because the land (district) changed to the city, it was renamed Longyang District. Historically, it is one of the important towns in the western border of Yunnan, and it is also the only pass of the Southern Silk Road leading to India, Myanmar, Iran and other countries in China's history.

According to Li Zhi, an archaeologist in the Republic of China, the Jiulong Mountain in the west of Baoshan County has the oldest name in history and places of interest. West to Shahe, east to Junzhi, four kilometers apart. "

Jiulong Mountain consists of nine peaks, counting from Taibao Mountain to the south. The first peak is Baogai Mountain and Taibao Mountain in the lower part, the second is Lianhua Mountain, the third is Huanglong Mountain, the fourth is Balan, the fifth is Liyuan, the sixth is Yanchixia, the seventh is Lanhuapo, the eighth is Jiufeng Mountain, and the fifth is Guishan Mountain in Jiu Feng. Every mountain peak is long (convex), also called Jiulong Mountain. People call it "Longyang" because the Jiulong Mountain is in the west of the dam and the city is located in Longshan, with plenty of sunshine. "Tale of Jiulong Mountain" contains: "The ancients called Longyang County, the city of Yongchang, the grandson of Jiulong Mountain." According to "Records of Baoshan County in the Republic of China, Memorabilia of Places of Interest", "Longyang-Yongchang Ancient County, with thousands of households in spring, has the most trees in the city. I have high hopes, the city is full of flowers, the world is like a cloud, and it is beautiful. " It is listed as the first of the eight scenic spots in Baoshan.

The establishment and governance of Longyang began in the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, and it belonged to Yizhou County. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yongchang County, Yongchang Festival and Yongchang House were established. The original "Baoshan County" was the name of the administrative region after the middle of the Ming Dynasty. In the fifth year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty, Yongchang took humanities to Beijing to take the examination of Ren Zike's Jinshi. The emperor named him Prince Taibao and gave him Songshan Jia at the foot of Baogai Mountain in the west of the city. Later, Wen Shu lived in Songshan, and since then, Songshan has been called Taibao Mountain. "Geography of the Ming Dynasty" contains: "In March of Jiajing three years, Yongchang was changed, and 2,000 households in Jinya were Baoshan County." Because the county is located at the foot of Taibao Mountain, it is named Baoshan-Baoshan County. It continued to be used during the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and it was still used for more than 30 years after the founding of New China. Its jurisdiction changes with the times, and its city site changes with the evolution of history.

According to the biography of Xi Nanyi Ailao, there was a woman named Sha Yi who mourned in prison. She lived on Ailao Mountain, tasted fishing water and felt pregnant after touching wood. In October, she gave birth to ten people, and then she sank into a dragon, and this water is called Sha Yi Day. What would I know now if I had a baby? Nine sons saw the dragon scare away, and the only boy couldn't walk, so he sat with his back to the dragon, and the dragon licked it, giving priority. At the foot of Ailao Mountain, a husband, a woman and ten women came back to life. All nine dragons are married. The theory that Kowloon was born out of trees is not credible. Although it is illusory and grotesque, it cannot be said that there is no Kowloon. Li Xian's Biography of the Southwest of the Western Han Dynasty quoted Ailao Biography as saying: "Kowloon has been handed down from generation to generation, with numerous names. As for the forbidden height, it can be remembered, and the forbidden height will die, and the descendants will absorb it; Children suck to death, children are not a generation; The building is not dead, and the son is mourning for the generation; Mourning and dying, mulberries will be replaced by lotus roots; Mulberry lotus root dies, son Liu Jicheng; When Liu Cheng died, Zi Liu looked like a generation; Liu looks dead, just like ". Hu Li was a king in mourning during the Guangwu period in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Taking twenty-five years as a generation, Jin Gaoying was born in the Han Dynasty (after 1 56- 1 BC). Before the height ban, there were countless names handed down from generation to generation. It should be at least five generations apart. It is suspected that Nine-dragon should be in East Zhou Nanwang, which is more than three hundred years BC. Ailao tribe has been king. Its tribal society, economy and culture developed earlier. So the history of Baoshan (Longyang) can be traced back to the Warring States period. History calls it

As early as the middle of the 4th century BC, the "Shudao Capital" with Yongchang as the hub was already a communication line to India.

Geography of Hanshu says: Yizhou County. In the second year of Yuanfeng (BC 109), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established two counties, Tang Cui and Fearless. Tang, not afraid to the west of Lancang River. The "Yongchang County Records" said: Lulunjin, 80 miles northeast of Yongchang County, is the Lancang River, and after crossing the river, it arrived in Tangwei County. Tang was born in Yunlong County, and Buwei County is in Baoshan Plain. The establishment of Song and Tang Dynasties was abolished in the Western Jin Dynasty, while the establishment of Buwei County continued until the early Tang Dynasty.

Cui Bao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times said: In the twelfth year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 39), Liu Mao, the king of Ailao, belonged to his family, and Xian Zong used his land to set up Ailao and Bonan counties, and cut six counties belonging to a captain in western Yizhou to build Yongchang county. It has jurisdiction over Gaotang, Buwei, Subi (now Yunlong), Yu Ye (now Dali), Helong (now Weishan, Midu), Yunnan (now Xiangyun), Ailao (now Dehong, Tengchong and Longling) and Bonan (now Yongping), with a distance of 3,000 miles from east to west and 4,600 miles from north to south, making it the second largest county in China. Since then, the name of Yongchang has been established, and the establishment of Yongchang county is a major event in the evolution of this region.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Yongchang County belonged to Shu Han. In the third year of Jianxing (A.D. 225), people named Yong Kou in the south of China rose up against Shu, so Zhuge Liang had to "cross Luzhou in May and go deep into the barren land". After the counter-insurgency, seven southern counties were established, three counties of Yunnan, Xielong and Yu Ye in Yongchang County were separated, and four counties of Jianning County were established in Yunnan County. Yongchang leads five counties.

During the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, Yongchang was still called the county because the setting of the Central Plains had not changed much. After the Jin Dynasty, Yongchang County was just a "shortage of people", which was equivalent to abandoning it. At this time, Governor Nanzhao took the opportunity to rise, and Ailao Wang moved to Yongchang, then moved to Hua Meng, and merged with Yu Ye tribe to form Southwest Yi people.

At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Nanzhao was strong, and Nanzhao got help from the Tang Dynasty. Pilog was made king of Yunnan. In the 20th year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty (AD 738), Nanzhao broke the imperial edict of Shi Lang, and the rest were returned to Yongchang. Pilog pursued the victory, took the land of Yongchang and set up Yucheng. At that time, Yongchang was vast and sparsely populated. During the Tianbao period (742-756 AD), there were 200,000 households in Tingluo. During Zhenyuan period (AD 785-805), Yi Mouxun also wrote Jianchuan, Yechuan and Yidong Yu Yongchang, and saw Fan Chuo's Yunnan Records. Yongchang became an important town in Nanzhao's western regions and set up Yongchang Festival.

Fan Chuo's Chronicle of Yunnan contains: Yongchang City is located in the sixth step west of Diancang Mountain, and there is a bridge (namely Lancang River Bridge) in the seventh step west of Weilong City, namely Yongchang. He also said: Gaoligong Mountain is in the west of Yongchang, next to Nujiang River, west of Lancang River and east of Nujiang River, which is Yongchang Land. The capital of Yongchang is in today's Baoshan Plain.

In the second year (AD 902), the Zheng family compiled Nanzhao to build a long country, then Zhao Dynasty to rejuvenate the country, and Yang Dynasty to just ning the country. In thirty-five years, they all led the land of Yongchang. When Dali Kingdom (Song Dynasty) was established, Yongchang Festival was changed to Yongchang House. Since then, Yongchang has established a government.

Yunnan Ping in the early Yuan Dynasty. Marshal Town is located in Dali. 1 90,000 households, less than110,000 households, 1000 households, 1000 households,1000 households. In the eleventh year of Zhiyuan (1274), Yunnan Province was established as a book province, and thousands of households were changed to roads, prefectures, prefectures and counties. Yongchang thousands of households changed to the state, followed by the government and led Yongping.

The provinces' prefectures, prefectures and counties are political organizations, as well as other military organizations, with officials for propaganda, appeasement and appeasement. At the beginning, the propaganda department was set up in Dali, and the propaganda department of Jinya Road was set up in Jianning (now Ganya and Zhenkang). In the 22nd year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 1285), the Xuanwei Department of Jinya in Dali was appointed as the commander-in-chief of Yuanshuai Mansion, and Yongchang was established, which governed Dali, Yongchang and Jinye East-West Road, and the commander-in-chief was in Yongchang, and it was an important town at the end of Yuan Dynasty.

In the Ming Dynasty, the provincial system was abolished, and the Chief Secretary, General Affairs Department and Inspection Department were set up to take charge of military and political affairs, civil affairs and justice, which was called "separation of the three departments". In the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382), he was the chief secretary of Yongchang House and the governor of Jinyawei. Twenty-three years (AD 1390) Gefu. Jinya Military and Civilian Command was established, which is also in charge of civil affairs, leading 12 households, appeasement department 1 household (Lujiang), county 1 household (Yongping) and 2 households (Shidian and Fengxi). In the 12th year of Chenghua (A.D. 1476), Jinteng Garrison Road was set up (according to the patrol department) to supervise the military, civilians, officials and chieftains under the leadership of the patrol department, and Yongchang was set up in the road. "Geography of Ming History" said: "In October of the first year of Jiajing, the military and political department was abolished and the military and political affairs in Yongchang were restored." He also said: the main manager of Baoshan, Yagan, was located in Hongwu, and in September of the first year of Yongle, it was also located in Yongchang to defend thousands of households, all of which belonged to Jinya Military and Civilian Command and Embassy Department. In the third year of Jiajing (AD 1524), in March, the second institute was changed to Baoshan County, and the jurisdiction was not as good as Jintengjun Road. Only Zhou Yi (Tengchong), Jun Er (Baoshan, Yongping), Ping Ding Si Yi (Lujiang) and Chang Lao Su Yi Te Er (Shidian, Fengxi) were led, hence the name Baoshan.

Apocalypse's textual research on the evolution of Yunnan chronicle said: "In the thirteenth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (AD 1 585), Jin Teng and Yao Guan were stationed in the garrison." "He Mingdian" said: "In the eleventh year of Wanli, Yongchang ginseng was added and stationed in Yongchang, Longteng and Hua Meng (now Weishan). Press: At that time, the guards were already very weak and could not stand the battle. They raise people for the army and set up generals, which are placed in the back corner of the army, that is, under the control of the generals.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Yongchang military and civilian government was established following the Ming system. Its jurisdiction includes the chieftain to which the Ming soldiers put their way, and its county setting has changed slightly. That is, the lawsuits of Fengxi and Shidian were cancelled and merged into Baoshan County. In the thirty years of Qianlong (AD 1765), the word "military and civilian" was omitted, and it was renamed Yongchang House, with the jurisdiction of Lingzhou No.1, Jun No.2 and surrounding chieftains. In the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong (A.D. 1770), Longling Hall was set up separately, and the name "Longling" came into being. In the 25th year of Jiajing (AD 1820), Tengyue was changed to Zhili Hall. At that time, Yongchang Prefecture led the Second Hall (Tengchong and Longling), the Second County (Baoshan and Yongping) and the surrounding Tusi. Its leaders are: Tufu No.1 (Mengding), Tuzhou No.2 (Zhenkang and Wandian), Fu Xuan No.5 (Nandian, Ganya, Zhanda, Longchuan and Shefang), Pingding No.3 (Lujiang, mangshi and Mengmao) and ChangLabat No.2 (Husa and Lhasa), with a total of 13 units.

In the first year of the Republic of China (A.D. 19 12), Yongchang House was still established, and Baoshan County was the province. In the second year of the Republic of China, Baoshan County was re-established and the government-level setting ended.

During the Republic of China, the jurisdiction of Baoshan County also changed. In the early years of the Republic of China, Yang Shan belonged to Yongping. In the Republic of China 18 (AD 1929), Maoxing, Zhang Lu and Denggeng Tusi returned to Lushui Administrative Office. In the 22nd year (AD 1933), Fudong, Fuxi, Junyao, Sanjie, Duluwajia, Datianba Iron Works, Copper Works, Xilakuan, Guochanghe and Zhuluwa in the southeast of Baoshan were also included in the newly established Changning County. The original states and households in Baoshan County were successively assigned to neighboring counties, accounting for about one sixth.

In the 31st year of the Republic of China (A.D. 1942), because Longteng was besieged by Japanese invaders, the Banking Supervision Department originally located in Longteng Border Region was abolished and the sixth administrative office was established. First set up a temporary office in Kunming, and then put Baoshan under the Sixth Administrative Office, located in Baoshan. In the thirty-sixth year of the Republic of China (AD 1947), the office was located in Tengchong.

Since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Baoshan County People's Government was established on 1 5th of the month, 1950. The Baoshan Commissioner's Office is located in Baoshan, and has jurisdiction over seven counties: Baoshan County, Tengchong County, Longling County, Changning County, Shuangjiang County, Zhenkang County and luxi county City. Gengma and Lushui No.2 Administration Bureau; Ruili, Longchuan, Lianshan, Yingjiang and Lianghe have five ethnic management committees, 14 units, and Baoshan has jurisdiction over ten districts. 1956, Baoshan area was abolished and Dehong autonomous prefecture was established, and Baoshan county was under the jurisdiction of the state capital. 1963, Baoshan District was restored (divided into Dehong Prefecture and Baoshan District), and at the same time, five districts of Taiping, Wang Yu, Shidian, Yaoguan and Jiufang in the southwest of Baoshan were included in Shidian County, and Baoshan District still governs five counties. 1967 Baoshan county military commission was established, and each commune established a military leading group, which was under the jurisdiction of the regional military commission.

1968 Baoshan county revolutionary Committee was established, and the commune established the revolutionary Committee, which belongs to Baoshan district revolutionary Committee. 1979, Baoshan county revolutionary Committee was changed to Baoshan county people's government, and commune Committee was changed to commune management Committee, which was subordinate to Baoshan district administrative office. 1983, with the approval of the State Council, Baoshan County was changed to Baoshan City, and Baoshan Municipal People's Government was established. At the beginning of 1984, 26 communes, 1 town, were divided into 18 districts and 1 chengguan office. 1987, 18 districts, Chengguan office, jinji village is set to 20. In June, 200 1 year, after Baoshan was withdrawn from the city, the former Baoshan Municipal People's Government was renamed as the Longyang District People's Government of Baoshan City, and it still governs 20 towns and villages.

On June 28th, 2005 165438+2005 1 October 28th, in order to further deepen the reform of township institutions in Longyang District and promote the sustained, coordinated, rapid and healthy development of the whole region's economy and society, Longyang District Party Committee and District Government decided to adjust the administrative divisions of some townships in the whole region:1,and cancel Yongchang Town. Han Zhuang Town Han Ying and Shahe Village Committees were placed under the jurisdiction of Lancheng Sub-district Office. Hetu Town has established seven village committees, namely Hongmiao, Xiacun, Taiping, Baita, Liaoguan, Shenguan and Honghua, which are subordinate to Yongchang Office. 2. Cancel Wenshang Yi and Miao Township and Wafang Yi Township, and establish Wafang Yi and Miao Township. The newly established Wafang Yi and Miao Township governs the administrative area under the jurisdiction of the former Wafang Yi and Miao Township and eight village committees under the jurisdiction of the former Wenshang Yi and Miao Township, including Gan Tang, Youfang, Baohe, Wahe, Shui Yuan and Xiping. The township government is located in the former Wafang Yi and Miao Township Government. The village committees of Wenshang, Xiaohe, Dabanqiao, Xiaoshuijing, Xinmin, Shanglabao, Xialapao, Yanjiao, Cao Yang, Anbang, etc. 10 were placed under the jurisdiction of Wama Yi and Bai townships. 3. Cancel Daojie Township and Lujiang Dai Township and set up Lujiang Town. The newly established Lujiang Town governs the administrative area under the jurisdiction of the former Lujiang Dai Township and the six village committees under the jurisdiction of the former Daojie Township, namely Jiangdong, Daojie, Bathhouse, Gaodeng, Shitouzhai and three places. The resident of the town government has been moved from Bawan Village to Xiaopingtian Market Town. The five village committees of Datian, Alnus cremastogyne, Hongyan Foot, Walnut and Bingsai, which were under the jurisdiction of Daojie Township, were under the jurisdiction of Pupiao Town. 4. Cancel Laoying Township and Wayao Bai and Yi Township, and establish Wayao Town. The newly established Wayao Town has the administrative area under the jurisdiction of the former Wayao Bai and Yi Township and 10 village committees under the jurisdiction of the former Laoying Township, namely Laoying, Ashzhai, Liuhe, Jiuzhai, Mofang, Haozi, Xiaolangba, Dalangba, Gong Ke and Ayizhai. The town government is located in the former Wayao Bai and Yi Township Government. 5. The four village committees of Xihe, Ajia, Chaihe and Xiafujia under the jurisdiction of Laoying Township, Luozhai Village Committee under the jurisdiction of Jinji Township and Changlinggang and Shangliu Village Committee under the jurisdiction of Hetu Town are under the jurisdiction of Banqiao. After the adjustment of some township administrative divisions, there are 1 8 townships (street offices) in the whole region.

The name of the establishment and evolution of Longyang District, no matter which period, is shining in the long history of western Yunnan. Such as Yizhou County, Yongchang County, Yongchang Festival and Yongchang House. Yongchang has a history of thousands of years. Later, because there was Yongchang County in Gansu, because the place names above the county level were not the same, one of the two families had to be ceded, and Baoshan had to be ceded to Gansu.