What does a "pastry chef" do, just make bread?

This problem should be said to be very extensive ... China's food culture is very extensive ... extensive and profound ... and so is pasta! There are many kinds of noodles ... not only four kinds of dough, but also the combination of dishes and snacks ... so a good pastry chef needs to do a lot.

China has a long food culture, among which there are many kinds of Chinese snacks. After thousands of years of innovation and development by pastry chefs, its basic forms are colorful and realistic, such as geometric, pictographic and natural shapes. Baked food is imported from the west. Although they are convenient to eat and nutritious, they are still different from China dim sum in shape.

First, the shape of snacks.

1. Bread mainly refers to all kinds of steamed bread, which belongs to fermented dough. There are many kinds of patterns, which are divided into big bags and small bags according to the degree of fermentation. According to the shape, it can be divided into pleated bags, such as Sanding steamed buns and steamed buns. Fancy bags, such as: Shoutao bag, goldfish bag, etc. Seamless packaging, such as sugar packaging and crystal packaging.

2. jiaozi is an important form of cakes in China. Its shapes are: wooden fish, such as jiaozi and wonton; Crescent-shaped, such as steamed dumplings, fried dumpling, jiaozi, etc. Comb back shape, such as shrimp dumplings; The horn is shaped like a pot sticker; The bird's head is shaped like a small wonton; There are other pictographic varieties, such as fancy steamed dumplings. According to its materials, there are: dumplings, such as dumplings, steamed dumplings, pot stickers; Oily jiaozi, such as curry crisp jiaozi, eyebrow jiaozi, etc. ; Others, such as jiaozi, Wowotou, red and white jiaozi made of rice noodles, etc.

The cake is mainly made of rice, flour and eggs. Rice flour cakes include: muffins, such as five-color small round muffins and red bean lard muffins; Thick cakes, such as lard sugar rice cakes, rose honey cakes, etc. Fermented cakes, such as cotton cakes. Bread cakes include Melaleuca oil cakes and bee candy cakes. Cakes include clear cakes and fancy cakes. There are other cakes made of fruits, dried fruits, miscellaneous grains and vegetables, such as yam cakes, water chestnut cakes, chestnut cakes and peanut cakes.

4. group guests are often called cake groups with cakes. Generally made of rice flour as the main raw material, mostly spherical. Varieties are: dough balls, such as jiaozi and pigeon balls; Cooked jiaozi, such as double stuffing jiaozi. There are other varieties such as dumpling stuffing and hemp balls.

5. The range of materials used for rollers is very wide, and there are many varieties. Varieties are: yeast rolls, which can be divided into flower rolls, such as sixi rolls, butterfly rolls and chrysanthemum rolls. Folding rolls, such as pig's paw rolls and lotus leaf rolls; Cut rolls, such as silver rolls and shredded chicken rolls. Rice (powder) rolls, such as: Ruyi sesame cold rolls, etc. Crispy rolls, such as those made of olives. Cake rolls, such as sesame milk rolls. There are other special varieties such as spring rolls.

6. Cake is one of the varieties with a long history in China. According to the different skins, it can be divided into: water cakes, such as pancakes and clear oil cakes; Yeast cakes, such as Huangqiao sesame cakes and distiller's grains cakes; Shortcakes, such as onion shortcakes and Soviet-style moon cakes; Others include fried rice cakes made of rice noodles, fried dumpling made of egg noodles, water chestnut cakes made of fruits and vegetables, sweet-scented osmanthus millet cakes and so on.

7. Crispy pastry is mostly water-oil pastry. According to the way of expression, there are: bright crisp, such as mandarin duck butter, lotus root crisp, etc. Dark cakes, such as double sesame cakes; Semi-dark crisp, such as apple crisp. There are other kinds of mixed crisp, such as peach crisp, lotus paste and manna crisp.

8. Stripes mainly refer to the long strips of pasta such as noodles and rice noodles. Noodles include: sauce noodles, such as Dandan Noodles, squeezed sauce noodles, noodles with gravy, etc. Noodle soup, such as clear noodle soup, colorful noodle soup, etc. Fried noodles, such as vegetarian fried noodles, Yifu noodles, etc. ; Other varieties include cold noodles, braised noodles and Huimian Noodles. Yunnan's fried dough sticks and cross-bridge rice noodles also belong to strip products.

9. Rice is the staple food of our people, especially southerners. Can be divided into ordinary rice and fancy rice. Ordinary rice can be divided into steamed rice and braised rice, while fancy rice can be divided into fried rice, covered rice, vegetable rice and eight-treasure rice.

10. porridge is also one of the staple foods of the broad masses of people in China, which is divided into ordinary porridge and fancy porridge. Ordinary porridge is divided into boiled porridge and braised porridge. Fancy porridge can be divided into sweet porridge, such as mung bean porridge and Laba porridge. Salty porridge, such as fish porridge, preserved egg porridge, etc.

1 1. Frozen products are seasonal varieties in summer, mainly sweets, such as watermelon jelly and almond tofu.

12. In addition to the above-mentioned pastry forms, there are some common varieties such as steamed bread, twist, zongzi and steamed dumplings. , is also deeply loved by people.

Second, the appearance characteristics of cakes

There are many kinds of pastry shapes in China, and different varieties have different shapes. Even if the same variety, different regions and different flavor schools are ever-changing, the modeling is realistic. But in general, the appearance of cakes has certain characteristics, which can be summarized as follows:

1. Geometry is the foundation of plastic arts. Geometric shapes are widely used in pastry modeling, and are made by imitating various geometric shapes in life. Geometry can be divided into single geometry and combined geometry. The geometric shape of the monomer is like the circle of glutinous rice balls and lotus root starch dumplings; The triangle and trapezoid of zongzi; The square of a square cake; The rectangle of the pot cake; Diamond-shaped thousand layers of oil cakes, etc. The three-dimensional decorative cake is composed of several geometric bodies with different sizes, which are combined with various decorative shapes to form a beautiful three-dimensional shape. Generally speaking, this kind of cake belongs to combinatorial geometry.

2. Pictographic morphology It can be divided into plant-like and animal-like.

(1) Imitating plant shapes is a common shape in pastry making, especially some fancy cakes, which pay attention to shapes and often imitate natural plants, such as flowers, such as Chinese rose and peony flowers in boat-shaped spots; Lotus crisp, lily crisp and begonia crisp in crisp products; Orchid jiaozi, plum jiaozi, etc. The water-mixed products also imitate fruits, such as pomegranate buns, peach buns and gourd buns. In dough, but more in boat dishes, such as persimmons, Sydney, grapes, oranges, apples and so on. There are green peppers, radishes, broad beans and peanuts that imitate vegetables.

(2) Animal-like shapes are also widely used, such as hedgehog bags, goldfish bags, bat clips and butterfly clips. Jiaozi the dragonfly, jiaozi the swallow, jiaozi the cicada, jiaozi the pigeon, etc. There are more boat spots, such as goldfish, jade rabbits, chickens, bluebirds, jade geese and white pigs ... these are all animal-shaped noodles.

3. The natural form is an irregular shape formed after the dim sum is cooked with a simple modelling technique, such as flowering steamed bread, which naturally "blooms" after steaming. Others, such as smile, palace peach crisp, honeycomb yolk horn, hibiscus pearl cake and so on. It is also naturally formed in the process of maturity.

Three, pastry shape requirements

In our country, there are three ways to shape cakes: manual molding, mold molding and machine molding. However, from the actual situation, manual molding is the main way, and cakes are shaped into various shapes through the skillful hands of pastry chefs. A series of operation skills and technological processes in pastry modeling should focus on the purpose of eating and stimulate appetite. One is delicious, and the other is beautiful, which can satisfy people's desire for food and make people feel beautiful. However, cakes that are mainly delicious also have specific forms as support. Therefore, the requirements for pastry modeling are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

1. Simple and natural shape. When we make cakes, we should try our best to be concise and lively, and develop in an abstract direction. On the one hand, it is because the primary purpose of making pasta is to eat, not to look; On the other hand, it is too realistic, time-consuming and laborious, and food is easily polluted, which does not meet the needs of modern fast-paced life. Concise, lively and natural, which can not only satisfy the appetite, but also be hygienic, is the pursuit direction, and tedious decoration and deliberate realism should be resolutely abandoned.

2. Be vivid. The modeling of Chinese pastry is mainly manifested in dough and dough. Pastry chefs have always been good at making flowers, birds, animals, fish, insects and fruits with different shapes, which has increased the appeal and edible value of cakes. Pasta with good taste and good shape can not only give people artistic enjoyment, but also create better economic benefits.

The theme selection of pastry modeling should combine time factors and environmental awareness, and it is best to choose simple images that people like to see, such as goldfish, white rabbit, jade goose, butterfly and mandarin duck. We should be good at grasping the main characteristics of objects and extracting artistic shapes suitable for pastry modeling points from our lives. Using ellipsis, exaggeration, deformation, addition and geometry, we can not only create vivid noodles, but also be concise and quick. For example, roses used for decoration in cakes often omit a few petals, but still do not lose the characteristics of roses; Jiaozi the Goldfish exaggerates the eyes and tail of the goldfish, which is more vivid. "Butterfly Roll" deals with the complex patterns on butterflies into symmetrical geometric shapes, which is vivid and simple.

Pasta and cakes, but most of them are related to pasta staple food, and there are some Chinese cakes, depending on what you want to know. I am a pastry chef from China, but I still learn some western-style pasta at work, so I use it from time to time.