Was Taizong of the Tang Dynasty the first person to implement scientific governance in ancient times and the emperor with the most democratic ideas?

The first person to implement Chinese-style democracy was Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Depose hundreds of schools of thought and only respect Confucianism.

It is the core business card of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the so-called "Confucianism" is actually "civilian art". Strictly speaking, it comes from "Chiyou art" or "Limin art".

The source of "Confucianism" is Li "min" (slaves), which is a kind of "people (free people) selected according to needs"; and those who manage them are the "people" of the country (slave owners), their leader is called "Tao" (leader), which means "the leader of the human race" or "the head of a human and the body of a snake, moving quickly", or the tribal chief, The concept of king or emperor of a vassal state.

The Yanhuang People's Alliance conquered the world and defeated Chiyou's Jiuli tribe through the "Battle of Zhuolu". The Yanhuang People's Alliance ethnic group became "people" (slave owners), and Chiyou's Jiuli tribe became "people" (slave).

From the Yellow Emperor to the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the Yan-Huang common people alliance has been struggling against the "rising" of the "people" of Dongyi and Jiuli. The Shang Dynasty perished because it faced the two-front war of Dongyi and Xiqi at the same time. , although the Zhou Dynasty won the victory of "King Wu's Conquest of Zhou" and established a political power, the situation it faced was similar to that of the Yin and Shang Dynasties. It was still a two-front battle between Dongyi and Yin Shang.

At this time, the times created heroes. The Zhou Dynasty produced a genius politician, Zhou Gongdan. The "punishment" system was implemented and a vigorous "abolition movement" was launched, and the political tool for implementing this movement was: Confucianism.

The Confucianism at that time was based on the Taoist aristocracy as the priestly class. They selected "Confucians" (free people) from the "people" (slaves) through a "virtuous" mountaineering activity. Demarcate a certain height, and the top "people" can put their names on the honor board, avoid the penalty of being blinded in one eye (a sign of becoming a slave in the past), and become "Confucian" (free people), that is to say , the original "Confucianism" was a class-like concept, not the profession of "scholar" as we understand it now.

In other words, the first condition for a "people" to become a "Confucian" is good physical fitness, so we know why Confucius was a sturdy man, this is the fundamental reason.

In order to control the cause of Confucianism, the Zhou Dynasty spent a lot of money. They enfeoffed the military core Jiang Ziya in the Qi State of Dongyi, and enfeoffed the political core Zhou Gongdan in the Lu State of Dongyi, specifically responsible for selecting " Confucianism” (free people).

The selected "Confucians" were used by the Zhou Dynasty to suppress the rebel forces of the Yin and Shang Dynasties. The areas were the Song State where the Yin Shang royal family was enfeoffed, and the Wei State (the capital of Wei State) where the Yin Shang people lived. It was Chaoge, the former capital of the Yin and Shang Dynasties), so a man as tall as Confucius was born in the Song Dynasty because he was a descendant of immigrants from Dongyi.

Confucianism controlled by Taoist aristocrats actually advocates a kind of "people-centeredism" and still serves the aristocracy.

When Qin Shihuang arrived, he adopted "humanistic" thinking and completely abandoned "people-oriented" thinking. In essence, it was "Taoist legal extremism", which can also be called "extreme" in an image. Aristocracy", and in order to realize the need to centralize the power of the aristocracy, the famous "burning books and entrapping Confucianism" was implemented.

As a result, the Qin Dynasty II died, and the "Chu-Han War for Hegemony" entered. In fact, it was a showdown between the old aristocratic power led by Xiang Yu and the new civilian power led by Liu Bang. The final result was the victory of the civilian power. .

As a descendant of Chi You Jiuli, Liu Bang had a very pious belief in Chi You and would offer sacrifices to him regularly.

But after his death, due to the weak national power, it had to rely on the power of Taoist aristocrats, so Empress Lu introduced the power of Taoist aristocrats into the center of national management.

It was not until the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty that the national power was gradually restored, and Confucianism made a desperate counterattack in the field of thought, and came to "depose hundreds of schools of thought and only respect Confucianism", and the slave-like "people" could truly "turn over and become independent." "Master", from the "people-oriented" era through the "human-oriented" era, and finally entered the "democracy" era.

Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was also a British ruler, but he was a "people-oriented" emperor, unlike Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty who was a "democratic" emperor.

The Taoist aristocratic thought of governing the country advocates "people-oriented". The "Tao Te Ching" says, "(The path of governing the country) Tao gives birth to one (the emperor), two gives birth to two (Taoist nobles), two gives birth to three (Confucian civilians and military aristocrats), three things (state management order)", and the division of functions is clearly stated as "(Confucian) govern the country with justice, (military strategist) use military force with surprise, (Taoist) conquer the world with nothing to do" .

The governance theory of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was revised to the "democratic" model in accordance with the "Confucianism-only" model. The national management model he implemented was "(the path to governing the country) Dao Sheng Yi (Emperor), One life is two (the harem of women and children who are "not allowed to interfere in politics"), two gives birth to three (literary Confucianism who exercises "administrative power", martial Confucianism who exercises "military power"), and three gives birth to all things (the order of national management)."

Therefore, the behavior of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was an out-and-out "democracy fighter" with ancient Chinese characteristics. He selected and produced the first Confucian civilian queen in Chinese history, Wei Zifu, the representative of "women and children"; He also promoted a large number of literary scholars such as Dong Zhongshu (teacher), Sang Hongyang (businessman), Zhufu Yan (a prodigal son), and Jiang Chong (a cruel official) to assist in the government; he also appointed a large number of martial scholars such as Wei Qing (a riding slave) and Huo Qubing (an illegitimate son). ), Li Guangli (musician) presided over the military affairs.

In order to reflect "democracy", he even created the allusion "It is difficult for Li Guang to be granted a title". It was relatively easy for civilians to be granted the title of a Confucian prince, while it was intentionally more difficult for the military aristocrats to make the title a prince.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty deliberately suppressed Dou Ying, the prime minister of the Taoist "emperor and queen mother line", and Tian Fu, the "prime minister of the queen mother line", and implemented "corruption" against Sima Qian, the Taoist aristocratic historian. , as punishment for defending Li Ling, a military aristocrat who had the same beliefs.