Background information of the continental congress

From 1603- 1733, Britain established thirteen colonies from the Atlantic coast of North America to the Chia Mountains in Apara. The residents of British colonial society in North America are immigrants from Britain and other European countries. Most of these immigrants are working people at the lower level, and most of them are Protestants. Because most of the early immigrants came from Britain, they not only brought advanced production technology from Britain, but also had democratic consciousness. All these provided favorable conditions for the formation and development of colonial capitalist economy. Due to the differences in geographical conditions, the British North American colonies had many economic components. The four northern colonies, collectively known as New England (Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire and Connecticut), are the most developed areas of capitalist industry and commerce. The four colonies in Central China (Pennsylvania, new york, New Jersey and Delaware) are called "bread colonies" because of their fertile land and developed agriculture. Semi-feudal tenancy system exists in large numbers here. Plantation slavery prevailed in five southern colonies (Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia), and a large number of slaves were imported from Africa. Plantation slavery essentially belongs to the category of commodity economy and is the twin brother of capitalism. The economies of the three colonies in British North America have their own characteristics, and the similarity is that commodity production and commodity exchange have been highly developed. This laid a material foundation for the emerging American nation to get rid of British colonial rule and embark on the road of independent development of capitalism. Britain set up a trade bureau and sent governors and officials to rule and manage the North American colonies. According to the degree of British control, its North American colonies can be divided into three categories: the first category is directly ruled by the governor sent by the British king and is a royal colony; The second kind is the owner colony, which is appointed by the colonial owner and approved by the British king. The third category is called autonomous colonies, which are elected by the owners of colonial property and then approved by the British king. Compared with European and Spanish Latin American colonies, British North American colonies have more democratic factors in their social and political structure: (1) they have more democratic parliaments; (2) There is also a certain degree of democracy in economic life; (3) There is no feudal privilege and hierarchy; (4) Local self-government. These democratic factors weakened the foundation of British rule in North America and paved the way for the North American War of Independence. The development of capitalism strengthened the ties between British North American colonies. Many residents have the same desire for survival and development. Generally speaking, they don't stick to the customs of the original nation, marry freely, live in harmony and gradually merge into one. Commodity trade between colonies is developed, and cultural exchanges are frequent. Postal service and newspaper delivery have become commonplace. People use English together. In the 13 colony with no affiliation, a unified market gradually formed, which gave birth to a lot of common mentality and common sense. This economic and cultural life and oppression and exploitation by British colonies have enhanced the national cohesion within the North American colonies. A new American country began to take shape. This was the basis for the colonial people to pursue independence later. Britain has always regarded North American colonies as one of its commodity markets, raw material suppliers and tax sources. To this end, it promulgated a number of laws and regulations to strictly restrict colonial industries, and did not allow colonies to form the ability to compete with the sovereign state. After the Seven Years' War, Britain ruled out France, its main rival in North America, and increased its exploitation and oppression of the North American colonies. 1763, the British government explicitly prohibited 13 colonists from migrating to the west of Mount Chia in Apara to reclaim land. 1765 promulgated the stamp tax law; 1767 promulgated the garrison regulations and sent more troops. 1770, the British army created the "Boston Massacre". The perverse actions of the British army aroused strong resistance from the colonial people. In the mass movement centered on anti-stamp duty, some revolutionary groups such as "sons of liberty" and "Daughter of Freedom" appeared. After the "Boston Massacre", the resistance struggle of the colonial people rose further. 1773 "communication Committee" was established to exchange information among colonies and coordinate the anti-British struggle, showing a trend of unity. 16 After the "Boston Tea Party Incident" occurred in February, Britain promulgated five mandatory decrees in March 1774. The colonial people called these decrees "intolerable bills", and many places began to form militia. The anti-British struggle of the colonial people in North America reached its climax. From September 1774 to September 12 10, representatives of 12 colonies (Georgia didn't send anyone) held the first continental congress in Philadelphia, which achieved great unity. The meeting adopted a resolution to sever all import, export and consumption relations with Britain (known as the "three musts" resolution in history) and supported the boycott of British goods. Although the members of the first continental congress were immature and compromised with each other, the first joint meeting, as the 55 formal representatives of the colonies, showed initiative and laid the foundation for the later war of independence under the banner of reunification.