Changes in Zhang Lin.

Zhang Lin has developed from a desolate promontory into a famous port, which has experienced many ups and downs. Her growth is like the ups and downs of the sea.

During the reign of Kang and Gan in Qing Dynasty, Zhang Lin was one of the larger ports in Guangdong and the anchorage base of Chaozhou red-headed ship. Go north to Shanghai and Tianjin, and go west.

Ray and Joan can reach Annan, Siam and Malaya in the south. At that time, the active Chaoshan trade made Zhang Lin prosper rapidly, and Zhang Lin's ancestors moved overseas more and more.

After the Opium War, Shantou Port gradually replaced Zhanglin Port and Zhang Lin became an inland port city. Looking back on Zhang Lin's past and examining Zhang Lin's present, we are delighted to see that this ancient coastal port city is advancing with the pace of history.

The prosperity of Zhanglin Port began in the seventh year of Kangxi (1668). After the restoration of Chenghai County in the eighth year of Kangxi, the people returned to their homes, rebuilt Shicheng, moved to Bozhi Shicheng in Donglong River, and set up customs, right camp garrison and other institutions. Zhang Lin's fishery, salt industry and shipping industry recovered rapidly. In the 23rd year of Kangxi, the maritime ban was officially relaxed, and Zhang Lin businessmen built ships and went to sea. At the end of Kangxi, rice trade with Siam was allowed, and ocean navigation came into being. From fishing port to commercial port, Zhanglin Port presents a prosperous scene.

From the first year of Yongzheng to the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong (1723 to 179 1 year), it was the early golden age of Zhanglin Port. At this time, the port pattern of "six clubs and eight streets" has been formed. There are countless red-headed ships. The so-called "six clubs and eight streets" refers to eight streets in the center of the port, such as Xianqiao, Changfa, Gu Xin, Guangsheng, Shunxing, Qiaxing, Yongxing and Shangyuan, as well as six surrounding village clubs, such as East, West, South, North, Tangxi and Xinlong, and three more streets will be expanded, with hundreds of shops. Among them, Xianqiao Street and Changfa Street are the most prosperous. There are more than 60 shops and workshops in Xianqiao Street, so the reputation of "Jinxianqiao, long silver hair" has been passed down to this day. However, these shops have their own businesses, including seafood, beans, rice, cloth, medicinal materials, tea, foreign firms, pawn shops, daily necessities, department stores, dyeing and weaving, sugar shops, fire fighting, stone digging, fishing nets, bamboo sticks, slaughtering, food longkou, Nanguan and Kalukou. Guangdong's annual tax collected from five ports in Chenghai accounts for 1/5 of the province, and Zhanglinkou ranks first among the five ports. It can be seen that Zhanglin Port had played an important role at that time!

The red-headed ships in Zhanglin Port have been continuously developed and expanded for more than 100 years after Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Xianfeng and other dynasties, and each fleet has more than 100 red-headed ships. Take the monsoon every year, go north to Hangzhou, Suzhou, Ningbo, Shanghai, Qingdao, Tianjin and Japan, and go south to southeast Asian countries such as Leizhou, Qiongzhou, Annan, Siam, Siam, Semarang (Indonesia) and Sumatra. Export brown sugar, indigo, pottery, porcelain, embroidery, handicrafts, fishing nets, etc. Import rice, beans, silk, cloth, wood, traditional Chinese medicine and various foreign goods and western medicines.

With the frequent business activities, Zhang Linbu also became an early immigrant in Chaoshan area. An important port for external expansion, it has been called "the confluence of foreign countries" in history. According to incomplete statistics, more than 60% of overseas Chinese ancestors who went to Nanyang Islands countries in the early days set out from Zhanglin Port. For example, Yongzheng, the father of Zheng Xin, Emperor Wu Li (from Huafu Village in Chenghai) annexed by Siam, General Chen Shi (from Shiqiaotou in Tiepu), Jincai River in Raoping Longdu, and Evonne in Chen Hongli's family.

Chen Huanrong, a famous politician, went abroad on a red-headed boat in Zhanglin Port to make a living. It is said that on the eve of departure, all the ancestors who left their homes for other wells went to Zhanglinjingzai Spring to hold a bottle of water, dug a towel in Xiangbi Mountain, bid farewell to heaven and earth and their parents with tears, and then stumbled on the red-headed boat that was about to leave. However, after they arrived in a foreign country, they threw the "water and soil" they brought into the well of a foreign country, expressing their permanent nostalgia for the hometown of Zhanglin Port, which set foot on the journey that year. At present, the emblem of Dong Zhang Friendship Association in Thailand is a "red-headed ship" about to sail. This is a true portrayal of the "root" mentality of thousands of overseas Chinese in Qian Qian.

Xinxing Street, Nanshe "Three Congshu", Zhang Lin Middle School, Zhang Lin Xitang, Xinwei Tianhou Palace. There are several Tianhou Temples in Zhang Lin. The earliest known is the Inspiration Palace at the foot of the mountain, which was built in the Yuan Dynasty, as well as the Hidden Lane Palace and the Xinwei Tianhou Palace. The most famous is the Tianhou Palace in Xinwei. From 52 to 57 AD, when the trade of Zhanglin Port was the most prosperous, the largest Tianhou Palace in Guangdong was built in Xinwei, near the seaside of Zhanglin Port. It is based on Tianhou Palace in Quanzhou, Fujian, and is called "Mazu New Palace" or "Xinwei Tianhou Palace" to distinguish it from the original Tianhou Palace in Wailongpu. In order to praise the achievements of hipsters in expanding abroad and prospering the economy at home, Liu Yong, the prime minister of the dynasty, made an exception and wrote a huge plaque with the words "An Lan, a sea country" for this Cape Temple, thus making Zhanglin Port and Xinwei Tianhou Temple more famous.

Twenty-two donated stone tablets erected by Qianlong in fifty-six years were embedded in the east and west walls of the Tianhou Palace in Xinwei. As can be seen from the contents of the stone tablet, the donors include officials and gentry from several coastal counties in eastern Guangdong and southern Fujian, as well as believers from Jiayingfu (now Meizhou) and dapu county in the upper reaches of the Han River. The main donors are 48 "merchants" from Zhanglin Port and more than 90 pairs of "waterway boatmen". (Chen drifted to Ryukyu Kingdom in 50 years due to rough seas, and returned home by boat in March of 51 years. I got the license of Ryukyu King before returning to China. The license lists the names of the boatman Chen, the helmsman and 3/kloc-0 sailors, as well as five businessmen and their belongings, including: "a queen, a clairvoyant, a clairvoyant and two maids". In the second year after returning to China, Chen and others donated money to participate in the construction of a new foreign official. Chen also hung a plaque of "Yong Sui Houlu" in Tianhou Palace to thank God for his kindness. )

The buildings of the new Wai Tianhou Palace and the former Imperial Palace are magnificent, magnificent and colorful. There is a wide square in front of the palace and a big wall in the field. There is a clay sculpture of "rising sun and clear waves" on the wall, which attracts people's attention. The flagpole stands on both sides, and there are two gray lions: a female and a male. Nadeshiko, the lioness, the lion with the ball and the male lion stood by. Large discharge pool outside the square. The main body of the palace has five front doors, and there are two stone lions and two stone drums in front of the middle door. The left and right doors are the Sun and Moon Palace. Within five doors, you can't see the sky, and the two corridors are connected with three worship pavilions. There are stone pavilions in the main hall and small pavilions on both sides; There are huge plaques hanging in front of the hall: one is "the palace of heavenly mother" and the other is "the grace of heaven"; There is a magnificent hall in the hall, where the golden body, rockhopper and Xiapi are enshrined. The Queen Mother riding in the beautiful scenery is surrounded by female lawyers, flowers and other maids. The sword on the wall is painted with red sun, whale waves and dragons and phoenixes, which are dazzling. The main hall has two wings on the left and right, and the dragon window and phoenix window are composed of enamel pieces. The back hall is a three-story "Chaotian Pavilion", which is the Tianhou dressing building (height17m), also known as "Wanghai Building". From top to bottom, there are 18 stone steps on both sides of the pavilion (because it is a palace building, the number of stone steps can be built as 9 or multiples of 9). The main hall of the pavilion is hung with a plaque of "one virtue and one kindness", and the right compartment is equipped with a goddess and a treasure cave, and clouds, curtains, embroidered quilts and pillows are arranged; Wardrobe, chair, washbasin, etc. As the boudoir where the queen lives. In front of the building, there is a plaque of "An Lan, the land of the sea", and the couplets on both sides are "Early morning, knowing autumn in June." In the past, people went upstairs, looking at the Lotus Peak in the north, the vast sea in the east, the Hanjiang River flowing eastward in the south, and the picturesque vilen all around.

There are eighteen rooms in each corridor from the front door to the back hall, which are dedicated to the accompanying gods of eighteen Mazu, such as Shunfeng Palace and Zhushengniang. The whole temple has 36 rooms. There are two tea kiosks on both sides of the entrance. In the courtyard in front of the main hall, there is a well on the right, and the water is clear and pure. On the left, there is a big dragon vat, which contains "Jishui Ganquan" specially selected from the eight scenic spots of Zhang Lin "Jingzi Qingquan" to make tea for people who boarded foreign ships and many villagers.

The magnificent Notre Dame Cathedral was built in the heyday of Zhang Lin in the early Qing Dynasty. It is located in the port of Zhang Lin, where thousands of ships gather. It reflects the strong desire of Chaoshan people to colonize abroad, sail against the wind and develop shipping more than 200 years ago, and is also a historical witness to the prosperity of shipping in Zhang Lin. Zhang Lin Xitang is located in Tangxi Village, Dongli Town, Chenghai District, Shantou City. In the fourth year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1799), a pavilion bookstore was built, which was purchased by the Hongshe family in southern Zhang Lin during Guangxu period and expanded according to Suzhou garden style. Later, it was built by successive dynasties and became a famous garden in eastern Guangdong.

Zhang Lin Xitang is a garden that integrates residence, study and gardening, also known as Hongyuan Jiyuan, and it is one of the more famous court countries in eastern Guangdong. It was built in the fourth year of Qing Dynasty (1799) and has been built in all dynasties. The area of this garden is only about Xu Mu. It faces the outer pool, pavilions, rockery lotus pond, living room and study, and garden flowers and trees. Its east is recessed into the inlet. In the past, it was navigable to the outer river, and the biggest feature of the garden where boats were moored was to combine the terrain and get the maximum landscape effect in a limited area. Since then, it has been known as the "Famous Tide Garden", which shows that its charm is no less than the grand view of clumsy politics.

Xitang covers an area of 230 square meters. Although it is built in imitation of Suzhou garden style, it does not lose the architectural characteristics of Chaoshan area. Combined with the terrain, it is divided into three parts: residence, garden and study. The gate of the garden is closed to the east, and the entrance is a small courtyard with a round hole in the middle communicating with the garden. On the right side of the entrance door is the residence, which is a light and dark bungalow with partition board in the hall and windows in front of the house. The fine wood decoration is exquisite and beautiful, and there is a pavilion and a big courtyard in front of the house. Bamboo and wood are planted in the central garden, with a winding pool as the main body and a flat bridge at the narrow place, which is also connected with the eaves gallery of the house. The rocky rockery to the north of the pool has holes at the foot of the mountain. Climb the stone steps in the cave to reach the top of the mountain. There is a double-eaved hexagonal pavilion called Robbie Pavilion on the top of the mountain. There is a small tower in the pavilion. To the south of the pool, there is a pavilion with double eaves and spires, which stands by the water. The study in the west of the garden is a two-story pavilion, surrounded by a small corridor, and the upstairs can directly lead to the rockery. The garden does not have a garden wall, but is bounded by rockeries and pavilions, and the space and scenery outside the garden are used for borrowing scenery. It fully embodies the characteristics of small space in the court, large proportion of buildings and beautiful scenery outside the court.

Although Xitang covers an area of only 1 mu, it is cleverly decorated with terraces, pavilions, rockeries, towers, caves, pictographs, turquoise and lotus ponds. Create infinite beauty in a limited space, so that mountains and rivers are connected, trees are born, pavilions are in their proper places, and creatures are lifelike and fall in between. Created an artistic realm of "three steps and one' no self', five steps often turn back". During the Guangxu period, it was bought by Hong Yuanji, the owner of the "red-headed boat" in Nanshe Township. After the Hong family bought it, they specially sent people to Suzhou to look for the descendants of the original architect, and carefully repaired it. He also spent huge sums of money to buy famous paintings and calligraphy, including the original works of Tang Yin,, and who; I also collected a copy of Twenty-four History, and since then, the price of music has doubled. It used to be a famous garden in the Qing Dynasty, all built by famous Suzhou teachers. It can be called the first "Suzhou Garden" in Chaoshan.