Why should China set up a municipality directly under the central government? What are the benefits?

The level of municipalities and provinces is the same.

Specifically, why set up a municipality directly under the Central Government in Chongqing instead of the Three Gorges Province is considered as follows:

1On March 4th, 985, the Central Committee and the State Council issued the Notice on Establishing the Preparatory Group of Three Gorges Province. The "Notice" said that the Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River under preparation is the largest project since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Its completion will bring great comprehensive benefits to flood control, power generation and shipping in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In order to ensure the smooth completion of the Three Gorges Project, properly resettle the migrants in the reservoir area and accelerate the economic development in the Three Gorges area, the Central Committee and the State Council believe that it is necessary to establish the Three Gorges Province. 1On May 8th, 986, the Central Committee and the State Council decided to cancel the Preparatory Group of the Three Gorges Province and set up the Economic Development Office of the Three Gorges Region instead.

65438+ Introduction of Three Gorges Province under construction, released on June 9, 0985, roughly describes the main "provincial conditions" of "Three Gorges Province".

The total area of "Three Gorges Province" is 84,093 square kilometers, including cultivated land190,800 mu (per capita cultivated land10.08 mu), which is generally "eight mountains, half water and half fields". Total population17.6 million, of which agricultural population15.83 million. There are more than 20 ethnic groups in the area, including Tujia, Miao, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Yi, Zhuang, Buyi, North Korea, Manchu, Dong, Bai, Li, Gaoshan, Naxi, Lahu, Xibe and Qiang.

What is the status of the future "Three Gorges Province" among the provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China at that time? This "brief situation" has also been objectively analyzed According to the analysis of 1984 national authoritative statistical data, among the 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions except Taiwan Province Province (including the Three Gorges Province itself), the approximate position of the Three Gorges Province is: the area ranks 26th, ahead of Ningxia, Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai; The population ranks 24th, ahead of Xinjiang, Shanghai, Beijing, Qinghai, Tianjin and Tibet. 1984 The gross industrial and agricultural output value of "Three Gorges Province" is 8.982 billion yuan, and the per capita income is 5 1 1 yuan, which is 50.2% lower than the national average income of 1026 yuan in the same period, ranking 28th, only higher than Guizhou and Tibet.

The administrative division of "Three Gorges Province" covers "three places and one city" and 30 counties (cities), namely Fuling City, Nanchuan, Dianjiang, Fengdu, Wulong County, Xiushan, Youyang, Qianjiang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County and Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County in Fuling area of Sichuan (now Chongqing). Wanxian City, Wanxian, Kaixian, Liangping, Zhongxian, Yunyang, Fengjie, Wushan, Wuxi and Chengkou in Wanxian area of Sichuan (now Wanzhou District of Chongqing); Yichang, Yidu, Zhijiang, Dangyang, Yuan 'an, Xingshan, Zigui, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County and Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County in Yichang City, Hubei Province; Yichang City, Hubei Province (merged with Yichang area to form Yichang City); Badong County, Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province.

The Three Gorges Province was not built in the end, because its prerequisite, the construction of the Three Gorges Project, met with strong opposition. The State Council organized an expert group to investigate the flooded areas of the Three Gorges. After nearly a year's investigation, the expert group submitted an investigation report to the State Council. The report shows that most counties in the Three Gorges reservoir area belong to key poverty-stricken areas in the State Council, and it is difficult to solve the livelihood of ordinary people only by local economic development. The Three Gorges Project was shelved, and the Three Gorges Province, which had been prepared for more than a year, also aborted.

Although the Three Gorges Province was not built, this way to solve the immigration problem has been reflected in the later Chongqing municipality. Although the Three Gorges Project was built in Hubei, 90% of the immigrants are in Sichuan. At that time, the population of Sichuan Province had exceeded 1 100 million. If this population is regarded as a country, it is also a world power. With a large population, there are naturally many problems to be solved. After the central government's immigration funds flow here, how much will really reach the immigrants is a problem.

Therefore, in order to compensate Sichuan immigrants and comply with Hubei's opposition, Chongqing municipality was established to promote local economic development.