What is the Dai nationality in Yunnan?

The Dai nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in China, and it has ties with Yunnan and Vietnam in Baibu and Baiyue. It has historical and cultural origins with the Shan nationality in Myanmar, the Lao nationality in Laos, the Thai nationality in Thailand and the Ahong people in Assam, India, and its language and customs are similar to the above. It is called Dai in Thailand and Laos. The Dai nationality is a cross-border ethnic group, which is closely related to the Shan nationality in Myanmar, the main ethnic group in Laos, the main ethnic group in Thailand and Ahongdai in Assam, India. The total population of Dai (Dai and Shan) in the world exceeds 60 million. Most Dai people call themselves "Dai" and "Tai", and they are called "Shan" and "Asa".

Jingpo nationality is one of the ethnic minorities living in Yunnan, China, which developed from a part of Xunchuan tribe in the Tang Dynasty. Modern literature is often called "the top of the mountain", and it is also called "mountain", "hill", "tea mountain" and "wave speed" respectively, calling itself "Jingpo", "Zaiwa", "Lashi" and "Lange".

Jingpo people mainly live in the mountainous areas of counties in Dehong Prefecture, and a few live in Mangma, Gulang, Fanggang, Gengma, Lancang and other counties in Nujiang Wa Autonomous Prefecture.

There is Kachin State in Myanmar, and the Kachin ethnic group is the Jingpo ethnic group in China. Just a different name.

Achang is one of the ethnic minorities in China. Mainly distributed in China, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. They mainly live in Husa, Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture, Jiubao, lianghe county and Achang Township, Nang Song San. There are a few houses in Gaogengtian, Yingjiang and Ruili in Jiangdong Township, luxi county. In addition, there are also some places to live in Guiyang, Caojian and Jiuzhou of Yunlong County of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Tengchong County and Longling County of Baoshan District.

Achang language is used, belonging to the Burman branch of the Tibeto-Burman language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. There are no words, but Chinese and Dai are used.

De 'ang (also known as Benglong) is one of the ethnic minorities in China. Existing population 15462. Lu De 'ang girls are mainly scattered in Xi (now mangshi) and Zhenkang County in Lincang area of Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and others are distributed in Yingjiang, Ruili, Longchuan, Baoshan, Lianghe, Longling and Gengma counties. It is interlaced with Dai, Jingpo, Wa, Wa and Han.

De 'ang people living in Dehong area call themselves De 'ang people, while those living in Zhenkang and Gengma counties call themselves Niang or Na 'ang. "Ang" is a national saying, which means "rock" and "cave". "De", "You" and "Na" are additional words of honorifics.

De 'ang people have their own language and writing. This language belongs to the Wadang branch of the Monkhmer family of South Asian languages. Characters are not widely circulated, and are mainly used to record the history, morality, laws and regulations of the nation and to write Buddhist scriptures. Many people are familiar with Dai, Chinese or Jingpo.

There are many kinds of self-proclaimed Naxi people: Naxi people living in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County, Gucheng District, Weixi Lisu Autonomous County, Yongsheng County, Sichuan Muli Tibetan Autonomous County, Emei and Yanyuan County, and Naxi people living in Yalong River Basin, Lugu Lake in Cuiyi Yongning, Sichuan and Yanyuan County. He lives in Beiquba, ninglang county and Zhangzidan, Yongsheng County, calling himself "Naheng"; The Naxi people living in Sanba Township, Shangri-La County, Yunnan Province call themselves Nahan (or translated as Nahan); In addition, there are a few people who call themselves "Mary Martha" (living in Weixi County) and "Lulu" (also transliterated as "Lu Lu badminton", living in Tacheng and Ludian of Lijiang). Among the above-mentioned self-names, Naxi, Nari, Nahan and Naheng are the majority, and those who call themselves Naxi account for five-sixths of the total population of Naxi. Therefore, according to the wishes of the nation and with the approval of the State Council, the Naxi nationality was officially defined in 1954. The word "Na" means "big", "magnificent", "vast", "dark", "dense" and "dark", and "western", "Japanese" and "rare" all mean "human".

There are many kinds of people who call themselves Naxi. According to historical records such as The History of the Later Han Dynasty, The History of the Three Kingdoms and Huayang, the Naxi people who lived in Yueguo County in the Han Dynasty were called yak species. The Naxi people who lived in the county during the Han Dynasty were called Luo people. The Naxi people who lived in Dingze (now Yanyuan, Sichuan) in the Jin Dynasty were called "Moshayi". In the Tang Dynasty, Schumann and other historical books called Naxi "Moore".

It was not until the early 1950s that the clan name was officially named Naxi, and Naxi people everywhere filled in "Moe" or "Moses". Tibetans call Naxi nationality "Hjang", while Bai nationality has called Naxi nationality "Mosuo" since ancient times, but it is still generally called "Mosuo". Some Naxi people who mainly live in Dongba and other places in the southeast of Zhongdian County (now Shangri-La County) are called "Ruanke" (also transliterated as "Ruoka").

The Bai nationality is the largest ethnic minority in China 15, mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and other provinces, among which the Bai nationality in Yunnan Province has the largest population and mainly lives in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. In addition, it is also distributed in Sichuan and Chongqing.

Bai nationality has its own national language, and Bai language belongs to Yi branch of Tibeto-Burman language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. Chinese has been widely used by Bai people since ancient times. Bai nationality is unique in art, and its architecture, sculpture and painting art are famous all over the world. In the process of its formation and development, it interacted with neighboring nationalities and created splendid economy and culture.

Bai nationality is a nationality with a high degree of living, with three branches of Jia Min, Lemo and Nama, which are deeply influenced by China culture.

The Han nationality, that is, the Han nationality in a broad sense, originally referred to the Tianhe River and the Universe Galaxy. In the Book of Songs, it was said that "Wei Tian has Han". Chinese people are called "Han people", which began in the Han Dynasty. According to historical records, the Han nationality is an ancient Chinese tribe that originated in northern China, and it is the main ethnic group in contemporary China.

Historically, Xu Zhuoyun, an expert in China's ancient history, believed that the Huaxia tribe, which was located on the edge of the Central Plains after Yin, Shang, Zhou and Qin Dynasties, established the "China" headquarters on the basis of the summer, and formed a "cultural identity" calling itself the Han people in the Han Dynasty. Han people are also called Han people, Han people, Tang people, Qin people and Taohuashi.

Han nationality is the main ethnic group in several modern countries. It accounts for more than 90% of China population, 74% of Singaporean population and 24.5% of Malaysian population.

The descendants of the Chinese people were once used as pronouns or other titles of the Han nationality by the China Producer Party and the China Kuomintang.

If the population of Han nationality is counted from Xia nationality, it is about 2 million. After Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, it reached about 20 million in the Warring States period. When the Han Dynasty was formed, the population of the Han nationality had reached more than 50 million, between 80 million and 90 million in the early Tang Dynasty, and over 1044 1 10,000 in the Daguan period of the Northern Song Dynasty (Wang Yumin's Population History of China, Jiangsu People's Publishing House1kloc-0/).

The Chinese used by the Han people belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family. After thousands of years of interactive evolution, modern Chinese is divided into nine dialects, namely Northern Dialect, Wu Dialect, Xiang Dialect, Guangdong Dialect, Min Dialect, Gan Dialect, Hakka Dialect, Pinghua Dialect and Jin Dialect [1].

Traditionally, linguists believe that modern Chinese can be divided into seven dialects. In recent years, many scholars believe that Guangxi Pinghua and Shanxi Jin dialect should be juxtaposed with the other seven dialects. In addition, some scholars divide Fujian dialect into Minnan dialect and northern Fujian dialect. These dialects have their own distribution areas, and the interior of each dialect can be subdivided, thus forming a complex language state of Chinese dialects, and the north and the south are not connected with each other. Nevertheless, due to the high unity of Chinese characters, it has a strong cohesive effect on the Han nationality, so it seems no exaggeration to say that there would be no Han nationality without Chinese characters [1].

The culture of Han nationality is rich and colorful. In the historical process of its formation and development, it was open and eclectic, forming regional cultures with their own characteristics, such as Qilu, Zhongyuan, Zhao Yan, Guanzhong, Bashu, Jingchu, wuyue, Lingnan, Yunnan-Guizhou, Fujian-Taiwan, Songliao and Gan Hui, which reflected the diversity and richness of Chinese culture [1].

Since ancient times, the Han people have adopted an inclusive attitude towards various religious beliefs. Fate worship and ancestor worship are the main traditional concepts of the Han nationality [1].

Historically, some Han people believed in Taoism and Buddhism; Later Catholicism and Christianity were introduced to China, and some people began to believe in these religions [1].