Lassen volcanic national park: the most beautiful fairyland with the least tourists in the west (Figure)

Page 1 * * 2: Page 1 Page 2 The southernmost active volcano (NPS) Larsen Peak is the southernmost active volcano in the Cascade Mountains in western North America, extending from southern British Columbia to northern California. This large area is a part of the Cascade Volcano Arc, which was formed during the collision and slow sliding between Juan's Fuka tectonic plate and the western edge of North America plate. In the west of this subduction plate, magma rose to the surface, forming a huge volcanic landscape from Miocene to Holocene.

Mount Larsen (NPS) with a plug dome is one of the largest plug dome volcanoes in the world. It is a part of the "ring of fire"-the global active volcanic circle around the Pacific Ocean. It was last active in a series of eruptions from 19 14 to 19 17. The large-scale magma chamber in a local area leads to a series of extensive and abnormal hydrothermal characteristics, including mud basin, boiling pool and gas injection holes (steam nozzles). Such extensive and active geothermal characteristics show that all volcanic eruptions of Cascade volcano still have potential in the future.

(NPS) Larsen Peak was named after Danish immigrant peter larsen. He came to California in 1840 and became a pioneer rancher in this rugged northeastern California. Small and medium-sized eruptions leading to basalt lava flow and regional volcanic ash flow are most common in Larsen peak area. Volcanic cones can usually be as high as 1000 feet (305 meters), while lava can cover several square miles and volcanic ash can be collected to a depth of several feet. Mount Larsen is a bit atypical because it is 2000 feet (6 10457 meters) higher than the surrounding altitude 187 meters.

The Big Bang's Mount Larsen (NPS) is the largest of more than 30 dome volcanoes that erupted in this specific area of North America in the past 825,000 years. Its last eruption began at 19 14, including the "Big Bang" at 1965438+ on May 22, 2005, and its volcanic ash cloud rose to more than 40,000 feet (12,000m) in the atmosphere. A large amount of hot air and pyroclastic flows destroyed nearby areas, and volcanic ash spread eastward to 280 miles (450 meters). When the volcano erupted at 192 1, the volume of lassen peak was still over 0.6 cubic mile (2.5 cubic kilometers), making it the largest lava dome on earth. In order to protect this ancient volcanic wonderland, President theodore roosevelt designated two independent national monuments in 1907-cinder cone national monument and Larsen peak national monument. 1965438+On August 9th, 2006, these two countries merged to create lassen volcanic national park.

Volcanoes and Wild Flowers (NPS) lassen volcanic national park covers an area of about 65,438+006,452 acres (430.80 square kilometers). The volcanic landscape is dotted with wildflower-blooming grasslands, clear alpine lakes and more than 65,438+050 miles of scenic hiking routes. In the park, visitors will find four types of volcanoes found in the world-shield volcano, compound volcano, volcanic ash cone volcano and plug dome volcano. As shown in the picture, one of the spectacular volcanic ash cones found in the national park is appropriately named as the volcanic ash cone.

The top of the volcanic ash cone (NPS) is about 700 feet (215m) above the local landform. It is composed of loose volcanic rocks and is a kind of volcanic rocks. During the eruption, it sprayed a large amount of gas-filled lava into the air, cooled during the flight, and then fell back to the earth in the form of black volcanic rocks, which contained many cavities formed by trapped bubbles. There are actually two cinder cones in the cinder cone, and the remains of the oldest cone are almost buried. There is a unique crater at the top of the volcanic ash cone, which consists of a double edge. Tree-ring dating evidence shows that volcanic eruption produced volcanic ash R cone, which appeared in the second half of17th century. Volcanic ash and lava flow produced by volcanic eruption were found and identified about 10 miles away from the volcanic cone.

Painted Dune (NPS) is one of the most spectacular landscapes in lassen volcanic national park, located in the southwest of volcanic cinder cone. These colorful pumice fields are the result of volcanic ash oxidation. When volcanic ash falls on the still very hot lava flow, it is strongly oxidized. The colored sand dunes in lassen volcanic national park are undoubtedly one of the most spectacular and beautiful masterpieces in nature.

Another view of magic lava (NPS) shows painted sand dunes (10 km) from the west side of volcanic ash cone to the southwest side of Larsen peak. These painted sand dunes are a small part of a larger lava flow area, called the magic lava bed, which covers this area, damming the river and creating a dammed lake and a lonely peak lake. The extra lava flow increased the wonderful lava layer, but they finally broke through the southern part of the volcanic ash cone, causing the crater of the volcanic ash cone to be blocked and eventually leading to the extinction of the volcanic ash cone.

Bumpass Hell (NPS) The volcanic nature of lassen volcanic national park allows you to experience a bumpy hell today. Covering an area of 16 acre (6.5 hectares), this boiling spring, mud tank and roaring blowhole are excellent places to observe volcanic activity. This area was named after the early cowboy Kendall Van Hook Bombas, who broke the thin shell above the boiling clay pot when he showed the local newspaper reporter around 1865. Bumpass's leg was badly burned and was soon amputated. Bumpass Hell is located in the crater, near the central vent of the ancient stratospheric volcano, and was once called Tehama Mountain. During the peak activity about 500,000 years ago, the altitude of Mount Tai was about 65,438+065,438+0,000 feet (3,350 meters). Crossing Campas Hell is one of the most popular activities to visit lassen volcanic national park.

Glacier remains (NPS) glaciation is also a part of the geological history of lassen volcanic national park. Although there are no glaciers in the park today, this land was covered at least five times during the Pleistocene Ice Age. The whole park has glacial moraines and moraine deposits, U-shaped valleys and ice buckets (circular valleys). Pleistocene glaciers deepened the main valleys of the park, cleared the bedrock and expanded hundreds of lake basins. Slow-moving glaciers spread clay, silt, sand, gravel and boulders throughout the park area. The picture shows a boulder with glaciers.

The crystal clear Lake Helen is one of the 13 lakes and ponds found in the national park. This beautiful blue glacial lake was formed in an ice bucket at an altitude of 8,200 feet (2,500 meters). Lake Helen is located near the bottom of Larsen Peak, with a clear water depth of 1 10 feet (33.5 meters). The rowers on the lake looked down and stared at the lake that seemed to be falling forever through the clear blue water.

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