Check the history of Hainan.

1. Tang Yu arrived in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

In Tang Yu's time, Hainan Island was the place where diplomatic relations were established with the south. In Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, it was the southern origin of Yangyue.

In the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang (2 14 BC), the vast area of Lingnan was unified, and Guilin County, Nanhai County and Xiang County were established in the south, and hundreds of thousands of people from the Central Plains moved here. At that time, Hainan Island was outside Xiang Jun. At the turn of Qin and Han Dynasties, the Central Plains was in war, and Qin Longchuan made Zhao Tuo the king of South Vietnam. The forces of South Vietnam are all over Hainan Island.

In the sixth year of Ding Yuan, Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (1 1 1), general Lü bode and shipbuilding general yangfu led troops to quell the rebellion in South Vietnam. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1 10), Zhu Ya County and Yuer County were established in Hainan Island.

In the third year of Yuan Dynasty (the first 46 years), Yuan Di stopped Zhuya County in the spring, abandoned Zhuya County and set up various counties, belonging to Hepu County, Jiaozhou.

During the Western Han Dynasty, Hainan Island was directly under the jurisdiction of the central dynasty, from the first year of Han Yuanfeng to the third year of Han Yuandi.

In the 19th year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (43), Fu Bo general Ma Yuan settled his toes, traveled to and from the South China Sea, settled in Zhu Ya and returned to Zhuya County, which belonged to Hepu County and Zhuze County.

Ten years after Emperor Yongping of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ding Mao (67) returned to Boer County. Zhu Ya and Boer counties belong to Hepu County and belong to Jiaozhou. Strengthened the connection between the Eastern Han Dynasty and the ancestors of the Li nationality.

During the Three Kingdoms period, during Wu Chiwu's reign (238 ~ 25 1), Zhu Ya County (now Xuwen, Guangdong Province) was established in Leizhou Peninsula, and Xuwen, Zhulu and Zhuguan counties were under the jurisdiction of Gaozhou, and "remote leadership" was implemented for Hainan Island.

In the first year of Jin Taikang (280), Zhu Ya County was reserved and merged into Hepu County. Ibis becomes tortoise shell. Hepu County leaders Hepu, Nanping, Dangchang, Xuwen, Guijia and Zhuguan counties. It belongs to JIAOZHOU. Soon, Zhuguan County was abandoned.

In the eighth year of Yuan Jia (43 1), Emperor Wen of the Southern Song Dynasty rebuilt Zhuya County and ruled Xuwen, but it was soon abolished. Zhu Guan and Zhu Lu belong to Yuezhou.

In Datong, Liang Wudi (535 ~ 546), Yazhou was established in the land of Feier County and unified in Guangzhou. At that time, there were 1000 monks belonging to the leader, Mrs. Xian. The virtuous lady asked for the DPRK, so she set up a cliff state. There are words "There are more than a thousand caves in Hainan" in History of the North and History of the Sui Dynasty, which is the earliest record of the word "Hainan". The establishment of Asia is of great significance. After Emperor Hanyuan withdrew from Zhuya County, all the counties in the past dynasties were in the mainland, which was just a "remote collar" for Hainan. When he arrived in the Southern Dynasties, Yazhou was established in Hainan, which effectively ruled the whole territory of Hainan Island.

From the Western Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it probably went through the process of initial placement, abandonment, distant collar and reconstruction. Although the establishment of a county in Hainan in the Western Han Dynasty was achieved by brutal means, it is undoubtedly a historical progress in history. Since then, Hainan has been in a state of autonomy due to the mistakes in governance policies and the chaos in the Central Plains. During the Nanliang period, it was of great significance for the central dynasty to effectively rule Hainan to rebuild Yazhou on the basis that Feier County was subordinate to Mrs. Xian, the leader of the Li people. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, hundreds of thousands of Putian people from southern Fujian immigrated to what is now Hainan Island, bringing Minnan culture. At the same time, Putian culture is developed, and examiners are all over the Central Plains. Most of the officials sent by the imperial court to Hainan were Putian people, who settled in Hainan after taking office.

4. Ming and Qing Dynasties

In March of the first year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1368), the Ming army went south, and in June, the commander of Haibei Road and Hainan surrendered in the Yuan Dynasty. In the same year 10, Hainan Island changed the Gansu-Ningxia appeasement department to Qiongzhou government, changed Jiyang army to Yazhou, Nanning army to Danzhou, Wan 'an army to Wanzhou, and the three governments were placed under Qiongzhou government, still belonging to Guangxi. Soon, Nanjianzhou was changed to Ding 'an County. In June of the second year of Hongwu, Hainan Prefecture was transferred to Guangdong Province. Since then, Hainan Island has been under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province.

Hongwu nine years, Hainan Island belongs to Hainan Road, Guangdong Province. At that time, the situation of leading counties was: Qiongshan, Chengmai, Lingao, Ding 'an, Wenchang, Le Hui and Huitong were led by Qiongzhou government in Tianya; Lingyilun and Changhua counties in Danzhou; Wanzhou leads Wanning and Lingshui counties; Yazhou leads Ningyuan and Thanksgiving counties. Hainan island 1 region 3 states 13 counties.

In June of the fourth year of the Orthodox Church (1439), Danzhou attached Guo (the seat of state administration), Yilun County was merged into Danzhou, Yazhou attached Guo ningyuan county into Yazhou, and Wanzhou attached Guo Wanning County into Wanzhou. In other words, the county where the state is located is merged into the state, and its place is directly under the jurisdiction of the state to avoid institutional overlap. Qiongzhou government is in charge of 3 states 10 county, which became a custom in Ming Dynasty.

In the Ming Dynasty, the South China Sea Islands were changed to Yazhou.

In the Ming Dynasty, the "dependent" Li people were also incorporated into grass-roots organizations such as Tudu, DuDu and Xiang, and moved to prefectures and counties, where they paid food like the Han people.

Hainan jianqiong cliff road in qing dynasty. It is under the jurisdiction of Qiongzhou Prefecture (now the government town of Qiongshan) and commands 8 counties in 1 prefecture: Qiongshan (now the government town), Chengmai (now the northeast of Chengmai County), Ding 'an (now Ding 'an County), Wenchang (now Wenchang City), Huitong (now the northeast of qionghai city), Le Hui (now the southeast of qionghai city) and Lingao (now the southeast of).

Yazhou Zhilifu (now northwest of Sanya City), Yazhou belongs to Li Qiongfu, and was promoted to Zhilifu in the 31st year of Guangxu (1905). Leading 4 counties: Thanksgiving (in the southeast), Changhua (in the west of Changjiang Li Autonomous County), Lingshui (in Lingshui Li Autonomous County) and Wanzhou (in Wanning City). In the thirty-first year of Guangxu in Wanzhou, the state was reduced to one county.

In the Qing Dynasty, Hainan established a government, which governed three states 10 counties, so it was called "thirteen states and counties" in history. The government was established in the late Qing Dynasty, including 1 Zhili prefecture, 1 government,1/county.

5. Republic of China (1912-1949)

In the early Republic of China, Hainan Island was still built in the Qing Dynasty, just on Qiongya Road. * * * Jurisdiction over 13 counties: Qiongshan, Chengmai, Ding 'an, Wenchang, Qiongdong (i.e. Huitong in Qing Dynasty), Le Hui, Danxian (19 12 Danzhou changed to County) and Danzhou.

In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Haikou was renamed Zhen. In the fifteenth year of the Republic of China, Qiongshan County was built as a city.

1931February 13, Haikou was revoked and returned to Qiongshan county.

The waste road system in the ten years of the Republic of China. In 2 1 year, the plan was designated as a special administrative region, but it was not implemented. At that time, the administrative region was called Qiongya, and Zhili was in Guangdong Province.

In August of 200 1 year, the "Liv Bureau" was changed to the "Liv Commissioner's Office" to strengthen the rule of the Li nationality area. In the 24th year of the Republic of China, the Guangdong Provincial Government of the Kuomintang divided Wuzhishan area where Li and Miao people lived together into three counties: Baisha, Baoting and Ledong, and implemented the rural Li Baojia system.

According to Xu Chonghao's "Qiongya Zhi", Baisha County is the cliff tea, Baisha, Yuanmen, faucet and popsicle cave of the original Danxian. Overlord, Wulie, Dapo, Baoping and Fengxudong in Changhua County; Thanksgiving county belongs to Wu Shidong; Belongs to Nanliu and 100,000 caves in Lingshui County; Ding 'an County belongs to Xincheng, Yinggenpu, Chai Jia, Xiaoshuidong and Sihetu; The caves in Hongmao, Daocai and Hongmao villages belonging to Yaxian County; Qiongshan County is a combination of marginal mountainous areas such as Jiaquan and Linwan Cave.

Baoting County's first bow, three bows, no war, Liuluo, Baolong, Baojia and Shuiluodong are located in Jianyuanya County. Baoting, Wugong, Liugong, Qigong, Wuyadong, Lingmen and Baishitu belonging to Lingshui County; Wanning County belongs to the tax department, Nanqiao, Dong Xi and Beidong; Map of Zhugen, Taiping, Jiacao Cave and Heshui in Le Hui County; Ding 'an County is formed by the merger of Kawabe, Nanyin, Jiadongtu, Murui Mountain and other border mountainous areas.

Ledong County (then called Le 'an County) is to analyze the seven differences of the original Changhua County. Thanksgiving County belongs to East, Malone, Chicken, Poor, Reverse, Embrace, Jiazhong and Egou; Yaxian County is a combination of Le 'an, Duojian, Baoshan, Baojiang, Longbi, Tanzhai, Duogang, Toutang, Wanchong and Fanyang Cave.

Century bridge no.6. People's Republic of China (PRC) (1949 ~)

After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), Hainan Island was established as an administrative region, and an administrative office was established in Qiongshan 195 1. Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was established in the southern half of the island, and the state capital is located in Chongshan Town, Baoting County (now Chongshan Town, Wuzhishan City).

1950 in may, Hainan island was liberated, Hainan military and political Committee was established, and military control was implemented. In April of the following year, Hainan Administrative Office of Guangdong Provincial People's Government was established, and in March of 1955, it was renamed Hainan Administrative Office of Guangdong Province. 1966 after the outbreak of the "cultural revolution", Hainan administrative office stopped exercising its functions and powers. 1968 In April, Hainan Revolutionary Committee was established with unified leadership. 1976 10 was renamed as the Revolutionary Committee of Hainan Administrative Region, and 1980 10 was renamed as Hainan Administrative Office. 1984 10 year 10 month, Hainan administrative office was revoked and the people's government of Hainan administrative region was formally proclaimed.

Hainan Administrative Region is subordinate to Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, and has jurisdiction over Qiongshan, Wenchang, Lingao, Chengmai, Qionghai, Tunchang, Danxian, Wanning and Ding 'an in the north, with offices in Xisha, Nansha and zhongsha islands.

1987 abolished Hainan administrative region and Hainan Li and Miao autonomous prefecture, 1988 established Hainan province. Hainan province implements the system of directly governing cities and counties.

The establishment and evolution of Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hainan;

Wuzhishan area was liberated in June, 1948. 1in March, 949, the "Administrative Committee of Qiongya Minority Autonomous Region" was established, covering Baisha, Baoting and Ledong counties. The administrative Committee was located in Maogui, Baisha County (now Maoyang Town, Wuzhishan City). 1950 moved to Chai Jia, and moved to Fanyang in August of the same year, directly under the jurisdiction of Baisha, Baoting, Ledong and Qiongzhong counties, and under the leadership of Qiongya People's Government. 195 1 year 1 month The administrative committee of Qiongya minority autonomous region was revoked.

July 1952, 1, Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Region (departmental level) was established, and the district people's government is located in Baoyou Town, Ledong County. Administrative divisions include Ledong, Baisha, Baoting, Qiongzhong, Dongfang County, district *** 16, and township 132. 1953, the resident of the capital of the autonomous region was moved from Baoyu Town to Baoting County. 1954, Ya 'an County and Lingshui County, which originally belonged to Hainan Administrative Region, were placed under the jurisdiction of the autonomous region, and the scope was expanded to 459 townships in 7 counties, 32 districts. 1955 Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Region was renamed Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.

1958 In September, 56 rural people's communes were established in 7 counties of Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. In the same year, in June+February, 5438, the People's Government of the Autonomous Prefecture moved to Haikou and co-organized with the Hainan Administrative Office. The original 284 townships (towns) in the state were merged into 107 townships (towns), and on this basis, the original 7 counties were merged into 4 counties, Chang Gan, Dongfang and Baisha were partially merged into Oriental counties, Baoting, Lingshui, Yaxian and Wanning Xinglong Farm were merged into Yulin County, and Qiongzhong County and Baisha were partially merged into Qiongzhong County. From 1959 to 196 1, the original seven counties were restored, and some areas were changed from Dongfang County to Changjiang County. 196 1 year 1 1 month to restore the administrative organs of the autonomous prefecture, and the state government moved back to Tongshi town.

1984, Ya County was withdrawn from the county to build Sanya City, 1987, Tongshi City was established. Autonomous Prefecture governs seven counties and two cities.

1987 12. Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture needs to be cancelled due to the establishment of a provincial special economic zone. Autonomous Prefecture set up Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County, Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County, Lingshui Li Autonomous County, Changjiang Li Autonomous County, Ledong Li Autonomous County, Li Dongfang Autonomous County and Baisha Li Autonomous County. Sanya is upgraded to a prefecture-level city, and Tongshi is a county-level city. The two cities continue to enjoy the policy treatment of ethnic autonomous areas.

1994 65438+ On October 24th, Qiongshan withdrew from the county and set up a city.

In July of 200 1 year, Tongshi City was renamed Wuzhishan City (county level).

June 65438+1October 65438+June 2002, the State Council approved the adjustment of administrative divisions of Haikou City, and Qiongshan City was merged into Haikou City.

The system of cities and counties in Hainan has changed greatly:

Qiongshan city. 1994 65438+1On October 24th, Qiongshan withdrew from the county and set up a city (county level). June 65438+1October 65438+June 2002, the State Council approved the adjustment of administrative divisions of Haikou City, and Qiongshan City was merged into Haikou City.

Tunchang. Xinjian County, formerly known as Xinmin County, 1948 consists of Chengmai County (now Xichang Township) and Qiongshan County (now Xinxing Town, Datong Township, Tunchang Town, Huangling Town, Tengzhai Township and Nankun Town). February 1949, Lu Nan, Wupo, Mu Feng and Nankun in the original Ding 'an County were added. With the same name as Xinmin County in Liaoning Province, 1952, the State Council renamed Xinmin County Tunchang for the convenience of management.

Qionghai city. There is no Qionghai in Hainan history. 1958 65438+February, approved by the State Council, was formed by the merger of Qiongdong County and Lehui County. Qionghai was chosen as the county name because it is located on the east coast of Qiongzhou. 1992 1 1 month, Jianxian County, qionghai city.

Danzhou city. 1March, 993, Danzhou City (county level) was established by Dan County.

Wenchang city. 1995 1 1 month, established the city from Wenchang county (county level) and settled in Wencheng town. 1997, Wenchang municipal government partially moved to qinglan town.

Wanning city. 1August, 996, Wanning County was removed to set up a city (county level).

Sanya city. Formerly known as Yaxian County, the county seat is located in Yacheng, and it was moved to Sanya Town in June 1954. 1984 in may, sanya city (county level) was established, and it was named after the administrative area of yaxian county. 1987 65438+February, Sanya was upgraded to a prefecture-level city.

Wuzhishan city. Tongshi City, formerly known as Tongshi City, is a newly established county-level administrative region. Originally the capital of Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, it was called Tongshi Town. 1987 65438+ October consists of Baoting, Qiongzhong and Ledong counties. In July 2006, 5438+0 was renamed Wuzhishan City.

Dongfang city. 1952, parts of Chang Gan, Ledong, Baisha and Dan counties were incorporated into the organizational system of Dongfang County. There are three villages in China: Dongfang Village, China Village and Western Village. At that time, it was located in Dongfang Village, hence the name Dongfang County. 1958, Chang Gan, Dongfang and Baisha counties merged into Dongfang County (called Dongfang County), and the administrative office was initially located in Baoqiao (Chahe). 1960 moved to Badi. 1962 Divide counties, restore Baisha County and Fuchangjiang County. 1987 65438+Established Dongfang Li Autonomous County in February, and set up a city in March.

Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County. The establishment of counties in Qiongzhong began in February 1948 and was established by Qiongya Special Committee. 1949 was merged into the administrative committee of Qiongya minority autonomous region in March. 1952, parts of neighboring counties were re-assigned to Qiongzhong County. It is named because it is located in the middle of Hainan. 1987 65438+February, Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County was established.