America is a unified country. Why did the civil war break out?

The United States at that time was still very different from the United States today. On the eve of the Civil War, the United States was a country composed of four very different regions. Its political system and cohesion cannot be mentioned in the same breath. special

Civil war and its causes;

The Civil War, also known as the American Civil War, was a large-scale civil war in American history. The two sides involved in the war are the United States of America (referred to as the Federation) and the United States of America (referred to as the Confederacy). The war broke out because 1 1 states in the south of the United States withdrew from the union on the grounds that abraham lincoln became president in 186 1, set up a government with Jefferson Davis as the "president", expelled the federal troops stationed in the south, and Lincoln ordered to attack the "rebellious" states. This war not only changed the political and economic situation in the United States at that time, but also led to the final abolition of slavery in the southern United States, which also had a great impact on the later American civil society.

On the eve of the Civil War, the United States was a country composed of four different regions:

Northeast China (now New England)-growing industry and commerce and corresponding population density growth;

Northwest China (today's Midwest)-Free peasants developed rapidly here. Because of the Northwest Law, there will never be slavery here.

Upper south-farming farms, but some areas are in recession;

Southwest China-a cotton economic zone that has mushroomed.

At this time, a masterpiece that shocked the world, Uncle Tom's Cabin, was published. It was forcibly reprinted as soon as it was published. The reader wipes his tears while reading, and the observer has a sore nose while listening. The publication of this book made the people in the north know the bitterness and tears of slaves and accelerated the promulgation of the "Abolition Order".

Before the outbreak of the civil war, the American Constitution provided the basis for peaceful debate for the future government, and it could balance the conflicts and contradictions of interests in this new state relationship. A few years later, the number of free States and slave States gradually balanced the Senate through compromise. Texas, the last slave state, was recognized in 1845, and five free states were recognized between 1846 and 1859. Kansas, originally a slave-holding state, was rejected before and joined as a free state in 186 1. Subsequently, a large-scale democratic industrial revolution and industrialization wave arose in the north, and the old two-party system was lifted. The increasingly hostile ideology makes it increasingly impossible to conclude gentleman's agreements (such as Missouri compromise and 1850 compromise) to avoid crises in the past. At the same time, the use of slaves in the southern States makes the northern States the first choice destination for new immigrants, so that the advantages of the north in parliamentary and presidential elections are getting stronger and stronger according to the population size.

1850 s, the party struggle took a sharp turn in essence and intensity. The American Republican Party was founded in 1854. Both this new political party and Lincoln are opposed to free trade in order to protect emerging industries in the northern United States, which is completely opposite to today's Republican Party (Harvard Business Review, April 2009). Although a few northerners support the measures to abolish slavery in the south, the CPC has the ability to get the support of northerners and westerners who are unwilling to compete with slaves. * * * The Republican Party has won many former Whigs and former members of the Democratic Party in the North. They are worried that the US Senate, the Buchanan administration and the Supreme Court will be disproportionately influenced by the South.

At the same time, the rich profits of cotton deepened the south's dependence on farming and slaves. The owners of a few slaves, especially cotton growers, controlled the politics and society in the south.

The election of the 16 th president of the United States (1861-1865) * * and the party Lincoln triggered the division of the South. Lincoln was a moderate who opposed slavery. He promised to do his best to oppose the expansion of slavery in the new territory (and prevent any new slave-holding States from joining the union); But he also said that the federal government could not abolish slavery in the state where it was implemented, so he would enforce the slave escape law. Southern States are expected to increase hostility to their unique system; And don't believe that Lincoln and many other * * * and party member can completely abolish slavery. Lincoln even encouraged abolitionists in 1858 to gradually and peacefully terminate slavery by giving economic compensation to slave owners and organizing former slaves to move out of slave-holding states.

Because Lincoln won the presidential election, the slave state lost the balance of power in the Senate and will face continuous weakness after decades of control by the presidential palace and Congress. Renye Fang felt powerless to stop protectionist tariffs similar to Morelle's tariff law.

Before the invalid crisis of 1798 and 1832 in Kentucky and Virginia, people debated it. Faced with the threat of tariffs, the South unilaterally exercised state power to secede from the Federation.

Although Lincoln, a Republican from the north of the United States, is not an advocate of the emancipation of slaves, he thinks slavery is inhuman and opposes its expansion, but the South, which has been using slaves to develop industry, strongly opposes it. However, the north also has hatred for the workers monopolist in the south, and the two sides began to have contradictions. 1860, Lincoln was elected president, and the protection of tariffs and homestead laws mentioned by Lincoln in his platform greatly weakened the interests of southern slave owners. This made South Carolina immediately announce its withdrawal from the Union at 186 1, and the southern States also responded to South Carolina's withdrawal from the Union, established the "american league" and elected Jefferson Davis from Kentucky as president. Two months later, the southern government began to launch an armed uprising, the northern government was forced to participate in the war, and the civil war began to break out.