Training experience in hazardous chemicals operation.

I'm sorry, because I don't know what subject you are training. So I only provided some knowledge about dangerous chemicals, hoping to help you!

The particularity of hazardous chemicals determines the existence of unsafe factors in production, management, storage, transportation and use.

In the course of operation, the purchase and sale of hazardous chemicals and the storage, transportation and waste disposal around the purchase and sale operation are not only business activities, but also the safety management of hazardous chemicals. If the characteristics of dangerous chemicals are not clear, it will cause personal injury, property loss, environmental pollution and even extremely bad political influence.

Accidents in operation: For example, on August 5th, 1993, the Qingshuihe chemical dangerous goods warehouse of Shenzhen Anmao Company exploded. The explosion caused a fire, and a second strong explosion occurred in the fire area after 1 hour, causing extensive damage and fire. 15 people died and more than 200 people were injured, including 25 seriously injured, resulting in a direct economic loss of 250 million yuan. Cause of fire and explosion: The mixed ammonium persulfate and alkali sulfide (strong oxidant and reducing agent) in No.4 warehouse of dry goods warehouse have a fierce redox reaction due to contact, forming heat accumulation, which leads to fire and combustion.

The combustion of No.4 warehouse ignited a variety of combustible substances in the reservoir area, and the air temperature in the reservoir area rose, making a variety of dangerous chemicals in a heated state. About 30 tons of organic flammable liquid stored in No.6 warehouse was heated above the boiling point, which broke through the packaging and quickly volatilized, forming an explosive mixture with air and flue gas and causing an explosion. The explosion released huge energy, and there were flashes and fireballs, which triggered the second explosion of nitric acid electroplating stored in the warehouse and formed mushroom-like clouds.

According to experts, the main reason for the accident was that the Qingshuihe dry goods warehouse was illegally converted into a hazardous chemicals warehouse, and the storage of hazardous chemicals was seriously illegal. The direct cause of the accident was the contact between oxidant and reductant in No.4 warehouse of dry goods warehouse. This is a liability accident, and the lesson of the accident is painful.

Another example is September 9, 20001year. Just before the Mid-Autumn Festival, a chemical business department in Yulin City, Guangxi mistakenly sold 2.5kg of sodium cyanide as a food additive calcium chloride. The central and local governments attached great importance to this matter, and formed a special investigation team to carry out the investigation and recovery of sodium cyanide sold by mistake.

Accident during storage: 1989 August 12, the oil tank in the old tank farm of Qingdao Huangdao Oil Depot was struck by lightning and caught fire, resulting in19 deaths and 78 injuries.

Accident during transportation:1April 5, 1972, Shanxi Jiaocheng Chemical Fertilizer Plant 1.2t liquid ammonia tanker exploded at the gate of Zhao Supply and Marketing Cooperative in Qixian County, causing 2 1 person to die and 155 person to be poisoned. The main reason is the poor quality of fuel tank and illegal parking.

On September 3rd, 199 1, a 2.4t (98%) methylamine tanker leaked in shaxi town, Shangrao, Jiangxi Province, poisoning 595 people, including 37 people who died and polluting 230,000 square meters. The main reason is illegal driving.

200 111October1,a Dongfeng motor with an approved load of 8 tons was loaded with 1 1.67 t of liquid sodium cyanide (with a content of 30. When the car turned into Xinghua River, the tank fell down and the tank mouth was broken. About 65,438+00 tons of sodium cyanide leaked into the river, causing serious water pollution. After the accident, the relevant departments of the State Council quickly rushed to the scene of the accident to guide the investigation and pollution control. Luoyang City, Henan Province quickly set up an accident rescue headquarters, invited experts to give on-site guidance, and adopted a scientific rescue plan of "preventing, breaking, eliminating, blocking and detecting". After five consecutive days of fighting, * * * dispatched more than 3,000 officers and men of public security, fire protection, environmental protection, sanitation, water conservancy, garrison and armed police, used more than 60 large-scale mechanical vehicles, used 94 tons of sodium hypochlorite, 28 tons of bleaching powder and more than 350 tons of quicklime, effectively controlling the spread of pollution.

Accidents during use:1993 65438+1On October 29th, 7 tons of benzoyl peroxide exploded in the warehouse of Zhengzhou Food Additive Factory, killing 27 people and injuring 23 others. The main reason is management confusion.

1997165438+1On October 29th, a fire broke out in the security guard of Yanshan Restaurant in Changsha, killing 40 people and injuring 89 others.

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to safety work. In view of the safety accidents in recent years, a series of important instructions and work arrangements have been made, and strict requirements have been put forward for safety management. Strengthening the safety management of dangerous chemicals is one of the important contents in the work of rectifying and standardizing the market economic order throughout the country. Over the years, with the joint efforts of various departments, the management of hazardous chemicals has achieved good results. However, with the change of the situation, there are a series of problems to be solved urgently in the current management of hazardous chemicals:

First, the phenomenon of unlicensed operation is more common. A considerable number of hazardous chemicals business units are still engaged in hazardous chemicals business without obtaining a hazardous chemicals business license as required.

Second, the operating conditions of enterprises are not up to standard. The conditions of some hazardous chemicals business units can not meet the opening standards stipulated by the state.

Third, employees lack professional knowledge. Some employees in hazardous chemicals business units have not received professional training, their professional quality is low, and they lack the necessary knowledge and preventive measures for hazardous chemicals business.

Fourth, the distribution of business outlets is unreasonable. Some local business outlets are located in downtown areas or residential areas, which is not conducive to fire safety.

Fifth, the management of hazardous chemicals is still not in place. There is insufficient coordination among some local departments, unclear responsibilities of issuers and insufficient supervision and management.

The above problems make the management of hazardous chemicals have major security risks, which seriously threaten people's lives and property safety and environmental protection, and effective measures must be taken to solve them.