Li Daoyuan's Three Gorges Teaching Plan

Knowledge target

1. Learn some classical Chinese knowledge and accumulate some notional words, function words and sentence patterns commonly used in classical Chinese.

2. Understand the natural landscape of the Three Gorges described in the article and feel the natural beauty of the Three Gorges.

3. Grasp the characteristics of the scenery description in this paper.

4. Read and write the full text silently.

capability goal

1. Guide students to accumulate knowledge of classical Chinese, attach importance to reading training, and gradually improve their reading and translation abilities.

2. Learn how the ancients wrote landscapes and appreciate the subtlety of their language.

3. Guide students to reproduce the scenery in imagination, understand the artistic conception of the work and the author's thoughts and feelings, and gradually improve their appreciation ability.

Moral education goal

This article describes the magnificent wonders of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. By teaching and reading this article, students are inspired to love the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.

Teaching focus

1. Enjoy the magnificent scenery of the Three Gorges, go deep into the artistic conception of the work and feel the beauty of its picture.

2. Grasp the wonderful scenery paragraphs, carefully try to figure out the words that make the finishing point, and grasp the characteristics of the scenery description of the works.

3. Recite the text.

Teaching difficulties

1. Grasp the vivid scenery and delicate language described in the article.

2. Grasp the author's thoughts and feelings.

teaching method

1. Read aloud. Li Daoyuan's Three Gorges captures the characteristics of the natural landscape of the Three Gorges and depicts the magnificent scenery of the Three Gorges in different seasons, with delicate language and vivid description. Teachers can guide students to read repeatedly through various forms, understand the artistic conception of the article and the author's thoughts and feelings in reading, and finally achieve the purpose of being familiar with reading. Using the outline recitation method can guide students to recite quickly, and teachers had better provide students with the recitation outline in the form of blackboard writing.

2. Expand reading methods. Choose poems related to the Three Gorges to expand reading and cultivate students' comparative reading ability.

3. The discussion method is combined with the guidance method. Fully reflect the main position of students' reading and the leading role of teachers.

training/teaching aid

Multimedia, tape recorder, demonstration reading tape, written materials

Class arrangement

teaching process

first kind

[teaching points]

About the author: Read the text aloud and guide the students to read the correct pronunciation, sentences and artistic conception; Students read the text by themselves, compare notes and make clear the meaning of the text; Perceive the meaning of the text as a whole, guide students to grasp the context of the article, choose keywords, add word outlines, clarify the idea of reciting, and guide students to recite.

[Teaching Steps]

First, guide the design.

Multimedia display of Three Gorges map.

Design (1)

If the Yangtze River flowing eastward is an art gallery, then the Three Gorges is one of the wonderful flowers. Its fairyland, changing seasons, surging waves and towering peaks have inspired many poets and painters in ancient and modern times! Li Daoyuan, a geographer of the Northern Wei Dynasty, was probably the earliest one. Today, we are going to learn about the Three Gorges, which is selected from Notes on Water Mirror. (written on the blackboard)

Design (2)

Our great motherland has magnificent mountains and rivers, and countless famous mountains and rivers are like shining treasures, dressing up the land of China, attracting generations of people with lofty ideals and literati to fall for it and sing for it. Li Daoyuan, a famous geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty, left us a series of well-known travel notes, among which the Three Gorges is one. Let's walk into the magnificent, steep and beautiful Three Gorges picture together.

Design (3)

The news that the Three Gorges immigrants have moved into their new homes is constantly reported on TV. When you marvel at the great power of science and technology to transform nature for the newly-built Three Gorges Project, have you ever thought about going back to the Three Gorges and seeing its true face in history? Today, we finally have a chance to get close to her. (written on the blackboard)

Second, the author and his works.

Multimedia display:

Li Daoyuan, Zi Ziliang, was born in Zhuolu, Fanyang, Northern Wei Dynasty. He has worked as a state secretariat, an imperial assistant, etc., with strict administration and strict law enforcement, which is feared by Quan Hao. He is studious and well-read, and he has written 40 volumes of Notes on Water Classics, which was an anonymous annotation made by an anonymous person in Wei and Jin Dynasties. "Water Mirror" is a geography book that records the national waterways, and the record is very brief. Li Daoyuan collected the records of waterways in various countries and his experiences of traveling around the world and wading through mountains and rivers, annotated the Notes on Water Classics, elaborated and supplemented the records in the Notes on Water Classics in detail, and quoted more than 400 books. It describes the geographical monuments, myths and legends, customs and habits on both sides of the Taiwan Province Strait, and vividly depicts the beautiful mountains and rivers on both sides of the Taiwan Province Strait. His writing style is concise and delicate, which has high scientific and literary value.

The Three Gorges selected in this paper is an excerpt from Jiang Shui's annotation in the water mirror annotation, which is the most famous one in the water mirror annotation.

Third, read the text aloud, correctly grasp the rhythm, and feel the phonological beauty of the work.

1. Students read the text for the first time, and with the help of reference books, they understand the sentences initially.

(1) Teachers distribute written materials to guide students to accumulate words.

The information is as follows:

(1) Pronunciation:

(2) In groups, solve difficult words and phrases, and teachers tour to guide.

2. Teachers instruct students to read aloud.

(1) Teachers play demonstration reading tapes or teachers demonstrate reading, and ask students to master rhythm, rhythm and emotion while listening.

(2) When the teacher prompts you to read aloud, you should pay attention to:

Paragraph 1,

Zi/Three Gorges Qibaili High School

I can't see the rising moon since midnight.

Paragraph 2

As for/launching//Xiangling

Along//behind/block

Or/the king's orders are urgent, and sometimes/the emperor will send someone.

In the meantime/1200 miles, although/riding against the wind, not with the disease.

Paragraph 3

Then/plain turbulence//green pool, clear back/reflection

Rare/prolific strange cypress

Qing/Rong/Jun/Mao

Paragraph 4

Every solstice/sunny morning

So the fisherman sang: "Badong/Wuxia Three Gorges is long, and the ape sings three times/tears touch the clothes."

(3) Teachers lead and students follow.

(4) Students read the text together and try to achieve the best reading effect according to the reading tips.

Fourth, clear the idea of reciting.

According to the article, imagine the magnificent scenery of the Three Gorges, grasp the key points of each paragraph and the characteristics of the scenery, and realize the ingenuity of the overall layout of the article.

Students communicate in groups, each group is responsible for a paragraph, and then choose four students to communicate in the class.

1. Students clearly: 1 paragraph, focusing on mountains, "the two sides of the strait are connected with mountains without gaps." Both sides are continuous mountains, almost uninterrupted, highlighting the characteristics of continuous mountains. "Every day is covered by mountains, and every day is hidden. Since the pavilion is at midnight, there is no sunrise. " It means layers of cliffs, and rows of cliffs cover the sky and the sun. If it's not noon or midnight, even the sun and the moon can't be seen. It shows that the river is narrow, the peaks on both sides are connected, and the cliffs are opposite, so only a glimpse of the sky can be seen. Outstanding peaks and peaks, the mountain is steep.

The teacher told the blackboard according to the students:

The mountains on both sides of the mountain cover the sun and the sky.

After reading the paragraph 1, imagine the beautiful scenery of the Three Gorges with continuous mountains and clouds.

2. Students made it clear that paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 describe water and different scenes in different seasons.

The second paragraph describes the scene of the Three Gorges in summer. "Xia Xiangling is blocked along the back" means that the water level rises in summer, the river floods the mountain mausoleum, and the upper and lower ships are blocked, making navigation impossible, highlighting the surge of water. "Or the king ordered an emergency announcement. Sometimes I go to Baidicheng, and at dusk I go to Jiangling. Although I took the wind in the meantime, I didn't take the disease. " In other words, sometimes the emperor's orders have to be conveyed quickly before there is a boat. As long as we set sail from Baidicheng in the morning, we can reach Jiangling in the evening. The distance between them is 1200 miles. Even riding a fine horse and driving a high wind, it is not as fast as it. Highlight the rapidity of the river with the fast speed of the ship.

The teacher told the blackboard according to the students:

Water, summer, water, Xiangling, riding the wind.

Students read the second paragraph together, imagine the picture of a mighty river traveling thousands of miles every day, and feel its unrestrained beauty.

3. Make it clear to the students: The third paragraph describes the scenery of the Three Gorges in spring and summer. "Blue pool, clear reflection" means that in spring and summer, white rapids swirl with clear waves; The green pool reflects the shadows of all kinds of scenery. Sparkling, heavy scenery, a beautiful scenery. "Chibiduo, hanging springs and waterfalls, flying in the middle" means that there are many Qibai growing on the extremely high mountain peak. Between the peaks, there are often hanging springs and waterfalls swaying, and the mountains are quiet, the springs fly, the cypress and the water are strange, forming a tall and detached picture. "Rong Qing is magnificent and full of fun", with clear water, brilliant trees, high mountains, lush grass and endless fun. Write four kinds of scenery in four concise words and summarize the whole paragraph.

According to the students, the teacher wrote on the blackboard:

Spring and winter are turbulent, and the green pool is full of springs and waterfalls.

Read the third paragraph together, imagine the beauty and straightness of the Three Gorges and feel its beauty.

4. The students made it clear that the fourth paragraph is about the Three Gorges autumn scenery. "Every time in first frost in the early Qing Dynasty, the forest was cold." It means that in Chuqing or first frost in the early morning, trees and mountains present a cool and quiet atmosphere, full of sadness and cold. "There are often high apes whistling, leading to sad cries, empty valleys echoing, and sorrow turns leisurely." It means that the ape at the height has a long voice, and its voice is continuous, sad and strange. The echo of the ape cry came from the empty valley, which was sad and euphemistic, and it took a long time to disappear. The description of the autumn gorge is represented by apes, and the mountain apes groan, which renders the bleak atmosphere in autumn.

The teacher told the blackboard according to the students:

In the autumn forest, there came the long whistle of the high ape.

Students read the fourth paragraph together and feel the bleak atmosphere of the autumn gorge.

Read the text together and try to recite it according to the word outline shown on the blackboard.

Multimedia display:

Distribution of intransitive verbs

Memorize the Three Gorges from memory.

Second lesson

[teaching points]

Read repeatedly, guide students to understand the artistic conception of the article and the author's thoughts and feelings, and taste the language of the article; Expand reading, deepen the understanding of works and cultivate students' comparative reading ability.

[Teaching Steps]

First, check the recitation.

1. Individual spot checks.

2. The group came back.

Secondly, according to the text, imagine the magnificent and steep scenery of the Three Gorges and describe it in your own language. Compare the text and grasp the author's thoughts and feelings.

1. Choose two students to describe the wonders of the Three Gorges in their own words, and the rest make comments.

The teacher reminds students to pay attention to the characteristics of mountains and rivers, seasons and scenery, such as peaks, surging rivers, clear water, waterfalls, sad apes singing and sad fishing songs.

2. Q: The description of the Three Gorges is objective. The author's thoughts and feelings are not directly expressed in words, but we can read between the lines. Please try to analyze it with the article.

Students combine their own reading experience to analyze.

Qing Dynasty: The author describes the wonders of the Three Gorges, full of emotion and blending scenes. Such as mountains, towering, reflecting the author's appreciation and admiration. He marveled at the magic of nature and praised the unrestrained beauty of the Three Gorges in summer, the quiet beauty of spring and winter, and the sad beauty of autumn. The author of "It's Fun" directly expresses his feelings and embodies his unique aesthetic view. Especially in the Three Gorges in autumn, the water is dry and air-cooled, and the apes sing desolately, which makes people cry. Sad fishing songs make people feel that the author is lamenting that there are too many lives and the people are working hard. In short, stepping into the "Three Gorges" written by Li Daoyuan seems to have stepped out of the author's rich inner world.

Third, try to figure out the language and taste the unique language charm of the work.

Multimedia displays the following sentences:

1. There are mountains on both sides, and nothing is lacking. Rocks piled up, blocking the sunshine in the sky, and there was no sunrise since midnight.

2. Surging the green pool, returning to the clear reflection, the vast majority of strange cypresses, hanging springs and waterfalls, flying in the meantime.

3. Lin Hanjian Su, there are often high apes whistling, leading to sorrow, echoing in the empty valley, and sorrow turning leisurely. Therefore, the fisherman sang: "The Wuxia Gorge of the Three Gorges in Badong is long, and the ape sings three tears and touches the clothes."

Students recite the beauty of taste and landscape writing. As long as the students can say something, the teacher will praise them.

Cleared: 1. The features of "Lian" Mountain are written in front, and the outline is clear with thick strokes. "Covering the sky and covering the sun", the mountain is hidden in the sky, covering the sky and covering the sun, and the side sets off the mountain "high". The combination of front description and side contrast shows the characteristics of mountains and mountains.

2. There are both overlooking nearby objects and looking to the future. Overlooking the river, you can see that "Su Bichi, the reflection is clear", and the dynamic and static are alternating, and the colors are different, which set each other off. It is a long-term view that "there are many strange cypresses, hanging springs and waterfalls, flying in the middle", and the "unique" mountains and "strange" cypresses are used to describe the appearance and have both form and spirit. "Strange cypress" shows exuberant vitality and strong will, which injects vitality into the landscape and makes people feel full of business.

3. Mingyou, the ape, was rendered miserable with the phrase "the empty valley spreads, and the sorrow turns to leisurely", and the valley is empty. It not only imitates the sound from the front, but also leads the sound from the side. It is colorful to write ape songs with the desolation of fishing songs.

Students read these three sentences together and feel the beauty of their language.

Fourth, expand reading.

Read Li Bai's poem "Early Making Baidicheng", please tell me its connection with the content of this article.

Multimedia display:

Zaofa baidicheng

li po

Early in the morning, I bid farewell to Jiangling city, which is high into the sky, thousands of miles away, and the boat is only one day away.

The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are still unconsciously crowing in their ears, and the canoe has passed the heavy green hills.

When students read the poems, they think clearly: "Send Baidicheng Early" and "Three Gorges" both describe the scenery of the Three Gorges, the former is poetry, and the latter is travel prose. The second paragraph of the article is consistent with the first, second and fourth sentences of this poem, which all show that the water flow in the Three Gorges is extremely fast in summer; The fourth paragraph of the article corresponds to the third sentence of the poem, all about the continuous crying of apes; The first paragraph of the article corresponds to "Chung Shan Man" in the poem.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) course summary

"Three Gorges" shows us a long scroll of landscapes with four seasons scenery in the Three Gorges, which is fascinating to read. The author wrote down the wonders and beauty of the Three Gorges with concise and vivid pen and ink, as if we were in the beautiful Three Gorges. Li Daoyuan decorated the Three Gorges with writing style, and scientists transformed the Three Gorges with wisdom. Dear students, let's approach the Three Gorges now and praise the Three Gorges with our unique voice. In the future, I believe that the ancient historical picture of the Three Gorges will leave something that belongs to us!

Distribution of intransitive verbs

After class, watch Shuijing Notes on Yangcheng Lake and imagine the picture inside.

Yangcheng branch

Hint: ① Zhu: incarnation, a small piece of land in the water. ② accumulation: zhū, accumulation. ③ Bi: Luan, beautiful. (4) Folding:

Picking ling.

Yangcheng Lake, located in the east of Wangdu County, Hebei Province, has long since ceased to exist. But through the description of this article, we can also imagine the landform and customs here 1500 years ago. Here was originally the Shui Bo where Shui Bo (now Tanghe River) gathered. When it flowed through here, the water plants were lush and the lotus roots were fresh and tender. In this paper, the early autumn season is selected, and the personnel activity is "picking diamonds". Diamond pickers are a group of naive children, tirelessly picking and singing their own little songs, praising spring, labor and a quiet and happy life. Therefore, it constitutes a fresh and charming picture of the north and the south, which makes passers-by "gratified and hopeful" and is simply the artistic conception of a poem.

blackboard-writing design

Activities and surveys

First, oral expression training

Combine your own travel and viewing experience, describe the scenery of the Three Gorges, pay attention to the characteristics of the scenery, and use beautiful and vivid language.

Second, the design of research-based learning activities

The Three Gorges is a landscape corridor on the Yangtze River and a famous natural and cultural landscape in China. It attracts countless tourists with its wonderful scenery, spectacular sea of clouds, fascinating myths and legends, ancient Bachu culture, rich local customs and romantic figures throughout the ages. From ancient times to the present, there is a vast amount of information about the Three Gorges, or geological and hydrological records about the Three Gorges, or descriptions in ancient and modern poems, or myths and folklore, or water conservancy construction to transform the Three Gorges today ... Please collect materials with the theme of the Three Gorges, and you can consult them in the library, make field trips and interview others.

Third, writing activities.

Write down the fragments of places of interest you have been to and exchange them in the study group. Then each group selects excellent players to participate in the class's enthusiasm.

Fourth, open inquiry.

The following passage is selected from Water Mirror Notes, punctuated and translated into modern Chinese.

Huangniutan

There is a beach at the foot of Huangniu Mountain in Hedong, called Huangniutan. There are stone colors between the outermost high cliffs, such as people with knives and cows with black bezoar, and their achievements are clear. Since this stone is very high, it can't be pursued. Although we cross the river, we can still see it. So travelers say that cows are in the morning and cows are in the evening, which is a rumor.

Tip: This river is also under the Huangniu Mountain in the east longitude, and there is a beach called Huangniutan. The mountains on the south bank are stacked, and between the outermost high cliffs, there are stone colors such as swords and cows, and people are black and bezoar, with clear achievements; As no one has been there, there is no way to know. Because this stone is very high, you can still see it when you go back to the river, although you pass through Xinsu. Therefore, the Monkey King made a rumor: "Send the scalper early and stay late; In the Three Dynasties, so did the cows. "

The river is in the east of Huangniushan, and there is a stone beach under the mountain, named "Huangniutan". There are mountains on the south bank, and between the outermost high cliffs, there is a rock that looks like a man, with a knife on his back and a cow. Human black bezoar with clear outline; This place is inaccessible, and no one can explore it in person. This rock is already very high, and the river is fast and tortuous. Even if you pass by and stay for two nights, you can still see it. Therefore, everyone who walks here has a ballad, which says, "Cowboys are sent to the morning, cowboys stay at dusk, and cowboys remain unchanged."