Why are there so many Shandong immigrants in Shanxi?

Geographical conditions. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Shandong had a vast area of cultivated land, five times more than Shanxi. The Yellow River, one of the two mother rivers in China, provides convenient water conservancy conditions for the development of agriculture. Shandong lies in the North China Plain. The fertile soil conditions in the North China Plain and the irrigation and feeding of the Yellow River and lakes made Shandong a national granary, which led many Shanxi people to emigrate.