Who were the Han Chinese among the ancient emperors?

Liu Bang (256 BC-BC 195), a native of Peifengyi, was the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty, an outstanding politician, strategist and conductor in the history of China, and one of the great pioneers of the Han nationality and culture.

He made outstanding contributions to the development of the Han nationality and the reunification of China. Liu Bangqin was then the curator of Surabaya Hall in Pei County. After Chen Sheng arose, he gathered 3,000 children to respond to the uprising and captured Peixian and other places, which was called Peigong in history. Later, he defected to Xiang Liang, where he was appointed as the party and county magistrate, and was named an 'an.

In 206 BC 10, Liu Bangjun entered Pakistani merchants, and Zi Ying, king of Qin, surrendered to Liu Bang, and the Qin Dynasty perished. After the Hongmen banquet, it was named Hanwang, ruling Bashu and Hanzhong areas. During the Chu-Han War, the forces that united against Xiang Yu turned defeat into victory and unified the world after defeating Xiang Yu.

On February 28, 202 BC, Dingtao and the flooded sun became the emperor's throne, with Chang 'an as its capital, which was called the Western Han Dynasty in history. After the succession, Han Xin, Peng Yue, Ying Bu, Zangcha and other princes with different surnames were eliminated, and nine princes with the same surname were enfeoffed. Establish rules and regulations and implement a rest and recuperation policy.

Demobilized soldiers go home, exempt from corvee, emphasize agriculture and restrain commerce, restore social economy and stabilize feudal rule order; Adopt the pro-Xiongnu policy, open the market with Xiongnu, and ease the relationship between the two sides.

In BC 195, Liu Bang was shot by a flowing arrow because of his crusade against Ying Bu rebellion. Later, he became seriously ill and collapsed in the same year. His temple names are Taizu and posthumous title Gao.

2. Liu Xiu

Liu Xiu (65438 BC+65438 BC+10-March 29th BC), Emperor of the Han Dynasty, was born in Jiyang County and Chenliu County (now Kaifeng lankao county, Henan Province), the founding emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and an outstanding politician, strategist and strategist in the history of China.

At the end of the new dynasty, Liu Xiu took advantage of the situation in his hometown to fight. In 25 years, Liu Xiu openly broke with the regime of starting a new stove and proclaimed himself emperor in Chiaki Minami Pavilion, Hebei Province. In order to show Liu's revival, he still takes "Han" as his country name, which is called "Eastern Han" in history.

After 12 years of unified war, Liu Xiu eliminated the separatist forces in Kanto, Longyou and Xishu successively, ending the warlord melee and separatist situation that lasted for nearly 20 years since the end of Xinmang.

In the thirty-third year of Liu Xiu, the government [1] reformed the central official position, rectified the official atmosphere, streamlined the structure, and gave preferential treatment to the heroes; Liberate productive forces economically, recuperate and vigorously develop the economy.

Culturally, carry forward Confucianism and respect honesty. The Eastern Han Dynasty was also praised by later historians as "the most beautiful and civilized time with the most prosperous Confucianism" in the history of China (in the words of Sima Guang and Liang Qichao), also known as the prosperous time of Jianwu.

On the fifth day of February in the second year of Jianwu Zhongyuan (57 years), Liu Xiu died in the front hall of Nangong at the age of 62. On the fifth day of March of the same year, he was buried in the original mausoleum, to the name of the temple of posthumous title Guangwudi, the ancestor.

3. Liu Bei

Liu Bei (161-June10,223), namely Emperor Zhaolie of the Han Dynasty (reigned 22 1-223), was born in Zhuoxian County, Youzhou, in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty (now Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province), and was a descendant of Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan in the Western Han Dynasty.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Shu Han was the founding emperor and politician, and historians called him the first master of Shu Han. When Liu Bei was a teenager, he took Lu Zhi as his teacher. In his early years, he was displaced and took refuge in many princes. He took part in suppressing the Yellow Scarf Uprising and led troops to rescue Kong Rong in Beihai and Tao Qian in Xuzhou.

After the death of Tao Qian, Xuzhou was given to Liu Bei; Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei and Sun Quan defeated Cao Cao and captured Jingzhou and Yizhou. In the first year of Zhangwu (22 1), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with the title of Han, which was called Shu or Shu in history.

In the third year of Zhangwu (223), Liu Bei died of illness in Baidicheng at the age of 63. He is posthumous title Zhaolie, with a fierce temple name, and was buried in Hui Ling. The reflection commented that Liu Bei's mechanical strength was not as good as Cao Cao's, but he was generous, knowledgeable and persistent, and eventually became an emperor.

Liu Bei also said that he succeeded in doing things "every time he opposed Cao Cao." There are many literary and artistic works about him in later generations. Wuhou Temple in Chengdu commemorates Zhaolie Temple.

4. Emperor Wu of Song

Emperor Wu of song (April 36316-June 26, 422), whose name was Deyu, sent slaves to posthumous title. Originally from Suiyuli, Pengcheng County, he was born in Jingkou, Dantu County, Jinling after Wang Jiaoliu, Chu Yuan of the Western Han Dynasty. Outstanding politician, reformer and strategist from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

The founding emperor of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties (reigned from 420 to 422). Emperor Wu of song grew up in a poor family and became a general of the northern government soldiers. In the third year of Longan (399), Sun En and Huan Xuan were pacified at home, and the separatist forces such as Huanchu, Xishu, Lu Xun, Liu Yi and Sima Xiuzhi were eliminated.

Make the south a unified situation that has never been seen in a hundred years; Externally, Southern Yan, the late Qin Dynasty and other countries were completely annihilated and surrendered to Qiu Chi, but they also defeated the Northern Wei Dynasty with the Moon Array, recovered Huaibei, Lu Yu, Guanzhong and other places, and recovered Luoyang and Chang 'an.

After he acceded to the throne, he sent troops south, conquered Linyi country, and connected the whole territory. In the first year of Yongchu (420), Song Wudi was independent of Jin, with its capital in Jiankang, with the title of "Song", which was called the Southern Song Dynasty in history. During his reign, he learned the lessons of the powerful and overbearing gentry.

Centralization, suppression of the merger of powerful countries, termination of land, rectification of bureaucracy, reuse of the poor, development of production, light taxation, abolition of harsh laws, trial of lawsuits in person, revitalization of education, plans to try out scholars in various counties, raise excellent talents, and send envoys to visit the people's sufferings many times.

Improving the political and social situation ended the era of dictatorship of the gate valve and laid the political pattern of "cold people taking the initiative" in the Southern Dynasties. He made great contributions to the economic development in the south of the Yangtze River and the protection and development of China culture, and created the most extensive period of the Six Dynasties.

Lay a solid foundation for "the rule of Yuanjia". He was praised by Li Zhi as "the king who decided to make chaos and prosper the country" and also as "the first emperor of the Southern Dynasties". In the third year of Yongzheng (422), Emperor Wu of Song planned to go to the Northern Wei Dynasty. As a result, he died in the same year at the age of 59.

5. Zhu Yuanzhang

Zhu Yuanzhang (1328 65438+ 10/2124 June 398), a native of Fengyang, Anhui Province, Han nationality, was originally named Chongba, and later named Xingzong. He joined the Guo Zixing army and changed his name to Zhu Yuanzhang.

Politician, strategist, military commander-in-chief, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang was very poor when he was a child. He used to herd cattle for the landlord. /kloc-entered the ancestral temple in 0/344. At the age of 25, he took part in the Red Scarf Army uprising led by Guo Zixing against the Yuan Dynasty. 1356, was regarded as Wu Gong by his subordinates.

In the same year, Qing Ji Road was captured and changed to Tianfu (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). 1367, Xu Da and Chang Yuchun were ordered to send troops to the Northern Expedition with the slogan of "expelling Land Rover and restoring China". /kloc-at the beginning of 0/368, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtianfu, with the title Daming Hongwu.

In autumn, most of them were captured, ending the rule of the Yuan Dynasty in the whole country. Mongolian nobles fled to the north, and sixteen states of Youyun ceded by the late Jin Dynasty were also recovered. And pacify the southwest, northwest, northeast and other places, and finally unify China.

During Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, he reformed all aspects. Politically, he abolished the prime minister, set up a department to undertake propaganda and deployment, a department to punish trials, and decentralized all command departments, further strengthening centralization and severely punishing corrupt officials.

Militarily, the system of health centers was implemented and the Northern Expedition was carried out. Economically, we will make great efforts to resettle land and army, build water conservancy projects, liberate handmaiden, reduce the tax burden, and send people to inspect fields and households all over the country. Culturally, we should pay close attention to education, advocate imperial examinations, and establish imperial academy to train talents.

Strengthen overseas exchanges with foreign countries and restore China's suzerain status. Through the efforts of the Hongwu dynasty, social production gradually recovered and developed, which is called the rule of Hongwu in history. 1398 (thirty-one year of Hongwu), Zhu Yuanzhang died at the age of 7 1.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Bang

Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Xiu

Baidu encyclopedia-Liu Bei

Baidu Encyclopedia-Emperor Wu of Song

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhu Yuanzhang