How did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty open up the Silk Road?

How did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty open up the Silk Road? Zhangqian is very important and needs to be invited out. In the third year of Yuanshuo, in 126 BC, Zhang Qian struggled to return to Chang 'an. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty named him a doctor in Taizhong, which should have been seen in Weiyang Palace.

After some efforts, the Weiyang Palace site in Chang 'an City of Han Dynasty has entered the World Heritage List. 20 14 On June 22nd, UNESCO held the 38th World Heritage Conference in Doha, Qatar, to study the Silk Road heritage projects declared by China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Most of the reported projects have passed, and the site of Weiyang Palace in Chang 'an in Han Dynasty is very beautiful.

I have long noticed that the Weiyang Palace site can be moved and I often go there. At first glance, in winter, the wind blows the hay, the Western jackdaw trees in the west, and several villages are silent under the dark clouds. At dusk, men, women and children gathered on the mound in front of Weiyang Palace to enjoy the cool. Goodbye is in spring. The villages here have been demolished, and Qian Dian, Shaofu and Pepper Room Temple have been excavated. The fence protected Tianlu Pavilion and Shiqu Pavilion, and trees and grass were planted. It's raining, quiet and empty, which reminds me of that year.

Zhang Qian told the story of his upward mission. Although he finally wanted to join hands with Yue's family to fight against Hu, he made great discoveries about western countries and mastered the basic situation. Get rid of the shackles of the Huns, Zhang Qian went to Dawan, lived in Kangju, went to Da Yue to see King Da Yue, and then went to Daxia. Through these four countries, he also has a general grasp of other countries around him. He also invited Southwest Yi to go to Daxia.

In fact, what Zhang Qian described to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a new world outside the Han Empire, as well as the geography, customs, armed forces, modes of production, lifestyles and their relationships among countries in this new world. This new world country belongs to the central, western and southern parts of Asia today. This situation went deep into the heart of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty and inspired him. He completely turned Zhang Qian's discovery of the Western Regions into his own discovery and decisively adjusted his decision.

His original deployment was nothing more than beating the Huns and destroying them. However, once he discovered the Western Regions, he would spread Wade of the Han Empire through the Western Regions. He divided the western countries into weak soldiers and Qiang Bing, and understood that they all valued the property of the Han empire. Countries with weak soldiers are easy to deal with. A country with a strong army should be used for profit and lured to Chang 'an to offer sacrifices to North Korea. Looking forward to it, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty smiled at Weiyang Palace. So he added the content of communication with the western regions in his decision to fight Xiongnu, so as to adapt the conquest of Xiongnu to the projection of the influence of the Han empire in the western regions.

If the trade between the Han Empire and western countries, especially the export of domestic silk, surprised the world, so that the German scholar Richthofen called this trade route the Silk Road in 1877, and it was generally recognized, then I want to point out that the idea of opening up the Silk Road was determined in Weiyang Palace.

The Huns had two kings, the Hun Evil King and the Hugh Tu King, who led the troops to defend Hexi. This completely isolated Han from the western regions, but this is the purpose of Xiongnu. It is obviously impossible to pass through the western regions without removing this barrier, so we must fight the Huns. In the second year of Yuanshou, BC 12 1 year, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered the Han army to attack the Huns many times, which caused great losses. Sweat a hate into a rage, trying to get the two kings to confess and punish them. The two kings discussed surrendering to the Han Dynasty. As a result, the evil king Xiongnu killed the soil-repairing king, and all the people were accepted by Huo Qubing. The Han army incorporated the team of the evil king of Xiongnu, which was divided into five countries: Longxi, Beidi, Shang Jun, Shuofang and Yun Yun. Yan Shigu said: "Anyone who speaks of belonging to a country keeps his name, but belongs to Han, so he is called belonging to a country."

Xiongnu became five vassal States, and the land from Hexi to Yanze became a gap. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty seized the opportunity and immediately set up Wuwei County and Jiuquan County here, and settled the fields for immigrants, enriching this area. The development of Xia and Shang Dynasties, the eastward development of Zhou and Qin Dynasties, and the westward development of Han Dynasty were all caused by Emperor Wudi's intention to communicate with the western regions and spread his weeds. When the Han empire controlled Hexi, it laid the foundation for communication with the western regions.

This area is located between Qilian Mountain and Helishan Mountain, and it is the channel between east and west, which is called Hexi Corridor. Clear water and lush grass are suitable for long-term nomadic. It seems that Yueshi and Wusun released their horses first, and then the Huns intervened here to drive Wusun away and split Yueshi in two. Fish and Qiang merged, and Da Yue left. The Han army drove the Huns into Mobei, which shows that I am a hero of the Han Dynasty.

Although the return of Hexi to Han was a victory, Xiongnu was still the belly of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. He knew very well that the Huns had not given up the Western Regions. The Huns just hid for a while to watch the movement, so as to fight back forcefully. Emperor Wu carefully analyzed the situation in western countries, and finally sent Zhang Qian to Wusun. About four years after Emperor founding ceremony of the Han Dynasty, in 1 19 BC, Zhang Qian left Chang 'an with 300 people, each with two horses. They carry a lot of gold and silk, as well as thousands of cattle and sheep. After arriving at Wusun, Zhang Qian suggested that he and his men return to the place vacated by the evil king, and marry the daughter of the Han imperial clan and become brothers. The strategy of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was to make Wusun get rid of the rule of Xiongnu and become a vassal state of the Han Dynasty, thus breaking the right-hand man of Xiongnu and inviting western countries to be foreign ministers of the Han Dynasty. Unfortunately, Wu Sun split, and the King of Qi could not decide and failed.

Following the established policy of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian sent envoys to Dawan, Kangju, Da Yue, Daxia, Rest in Peace, Tidu, Yu Yu and Xuyun. Zhang Qian was sent back to Han by the guide and translator arranged by King Kunmo of Wusun State. Dozens of messengers, under the instructions of Wang Kunmo, took dozens of horses to thank Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Of course, they also want to see the breadth of the Han Dynasty in Chang 'an.

The emissary returned to Wusun, reported to Wang Kunmo the strength of the people and the wealth of the country, and paid tribute to Korea. A year later, the deputy envoys sent by Zhang Qian also brought the envoys of western countries to the Han Dynasty and presented them to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. From then on, countries in the western regions will be connected with Han, or Han and the western regions.

I think this move marks the opening of the Silk Road ~