Is Jizhou City the name of the city in the Three Kingdoms?

Currently, jizhou city, Hebei Province

Jizhou

Jizhou

Jizhou is the first of Kyushu.

& lt& lt Yi Shi. Huangdi Ji > > "Since Shennong, there have been Kyushu, Zhuzhou, Yingzhou and Shenzhou. Since the Yellow Emperor, virtue is not far away, but within China, it is divided into Kyushu and the order of the Yellow Emperor, and it is divided into 12 countries in Kyushu. " Shennong and the former equal states with Shenzhou are Shenzhou, Yingzhou, Rongzhou, Hezhou and Jizhou. & lt Shan Hai Jing; Generally speaking, Kyushu theory has some truth. China's ancestors have been distributed all over the world for a long time, with North Asia, Southeast Asia, Pacific Islands and America as the most. According to archaeological findings, the age of fine stone cores is the earliest in North China, and the absolute age of fine stone cores in Siberia, Japan and western North America decreases in turn, which is the migration route of people in North China. In the Neolithic Age and Bronze Age, the ancestors of China spread China culture overseas, which was reflected in cultural relics. There is convincing evidence, but most people lack professional knowledge in this field, but they should not pretend to be untrustworthy. Even if Kyushu was not directly managed, it was a fact that Chinese ancestors migrated abroad during Tai Hao and Shennong, and their footprints reached many parts of the world.

& lt& lt history. ; : "China's famous mountains and rivers rank first ... overseas people can't see them ... Who thinks that the so-called China of Confucianism is 81 degrees apart in the world? China is called Chixian Shenzhou. Chixian Shenzhou has its own Kyushu, which is also in the order of Kyushu. China, like Chixian Shenzhou, is called Kyushu ... "It is generally believed that China was the world in ancient times, which is incorrect. Only China < Shan Hai Jing >; & gt,<& lt& ltHaineijing >> is roughly equivalent to the scope of China,>, < The Wild > > is as far away as overseas. The Kyushu listed in> is equivalent to the Great Kyushu, and other places say that Kyushu is Chixian Shenzhou.

& lt Gong Yu >> Kyushu is: Jizhou, Yanzhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou, Jingzhou, Yuzhou, Liangzhou and Yongzhou. & gt There are no Qingzhou, Liangzhou, Youzhou and Jinzhou. << "Zhou Li Xiaguan Langfang"; & gt There are no Xuzhou and Liangzhou, only Youzhou and Bingzhou. This difference may be related to the merger of "Twelve States". Most of the historical and local works of later generations & gt Kyushu shall prevail.

In ancient times, this jurisdiction belonged to Hebei and Yanzhou because it crossed the Yellow River by land. Rao, Chang, Wucheng and Wuluo are the main fiefs of China. During the Spring and Autumn Period, most of them returned to the State of Jin. The Warring States period was the land of Yan and Zhao. After Qin Shihuang unified China in 22 1 BC, it belonged to Julu County. The Han Dynasty belonged to Jizhou Secretariat Department, which successively set up Guang Chuan, Xindu and Anping prefectures. Most counties and cities under its jurisdiction were established at this time. During the Three Kingdoms period, Jizhou was the territory of Wei. Jizhou moved from Xindu to Anping, Boling and Bohai. The Jin Dynasty is still under the jurisdiction of Jizhou. In the Sui Dynasty in 596 AD, Jizhou was in the south and Shenzhou was in the north. The Tang Dynasty belonged to Hebei Road. In the early Song Dynasty, Jizhou belonged to Hebei East Road and Shenzhou belonged to Hebei West Road. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the official state government moved to the county seat (now Jingxian County) and was renamed Jingzhou in 1265. Since then, it has been under the jurisdiction of Zhongshu Province, Shi Jing Province and Zhili Province until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the territory is still divided by Hebei, Shenzhou and Jingzhou.

Jizhou today is jizhou city (my hometown) in Hengshui, Hebei Province.

Overview of jizhou city:

Jizhou city, which belongs to Hengshui City, Hebei Province, is located in the hinterland of North China Plain, with a total area of 9 18 square kilometers, 300 kilometers to the north and Shijiazhuang18 kilometers to the west. It is adjacent to Zaoqiang County (Hengshui) in the east, Nangong City and Xinhe County (Xingtai) in the south and Ningjin County (Xingtai) and xinji city in the west. It governs 1 1 township and 4 12 villages with a total population of 370,000. The whole territory is slightly higher in the southeast and northwest and lower in the northeast, with an altitude of 2 1.5 to 26.5 meters. The terrain is relatively flat, the soil is moderate and the soil layer is deep. There is a rare plain freshwater lake in the northern suburb, with a total area of 75 square kilometers, which has been approved by Hebei Province as a provincial wetland reserve. Jizhou city is located in the warm temperate zone of the northern hemisphere, with obvious characteristics of continental monsoon climate, dry and windy in spring, warm and rainy in summer, crisp in autumn, cold and little snow in winter, cold and dry in the same period, rainy and hot in the same season, distinct seasons and abundant sunshine, which is suitable for crop growth. The annual average temperature is 12.7℃, the most Leng Yue is 1 month, the average temperature is -4.2℃, the hottest month is July, the average temperature is 27. 1℃, the annual average precipitation is 5/kloc-0.3mm, and the average sunshine hours over the years are 257/kloc-0.

natural environment

[Land Resources] Jizhou is a low-lying plain alluvial by the ancient Yellow River, Zhanghe River and Hutuo River. Flat terrain and moderate soil quality. Sandy loam and light loam account for 85.3% of the total soil species, which are ideal soils for the growth and development of grain and cotton, and medium loam accounts for 14.7% of the total soil species, which is suitable for planting food crops. The large area of cultivated land and various types of soil are conducive to the development of diversified economy. Flat terrain is conducive to improving the level of farmland capital construction and mechanization. Some soils have poor soil structure and high salt content in parent materials.

administrative division

Jizhou city has jurisdiction over 7 towns and 4 townships: Jizhou Town, Weitun Town, Guandao Town, Nanwu Village, Zhoucun Town, Wharf Town, Wang Xi Town, Menzhuang Township, Xujiazhuang Township, Beizhanghuai Township and Xiaozhai Township.

[Climate] Jizhou is a semi-arid area in warm temperate zone, with a continental monsoon climate, dry and windy spring, hot and rainy summer, crisp autumn sky, cold and little snow in winter, distinct seasons, abundant sunshine, cold and drought, and abundant light and heat resources. Climate resources are beneficial to crop growth, but due to the influence of continental monsoon climate, meteorological disasters such as strong wind, low temperature and drought also have a certain impact on agricultural production.

[Water Resources] Influenced by Taihang Mountain in the west, jizhou city has an obvious continental climate and belongs to a semi-arid monsoon climate zone. The above-ground water resources in China are mainly composed of atmospheric precipitation, foreign guests' water and Jin Shi Canal water. Surface water is mainly produced in late July and early August. For many years, it averaged 23,000 cubic meters per square kilometer, with a balanced distribution. Groundwater can be divided into three types from top to bottom: shallow water, salt water and deep fresh water. The available water resources of surface water and groundwater in jizhou city are 52.43 million cubic meters and 7 million cubic meters respectively, totaling 59.43 million cubic meters. Water resources are relatively scarce, and the key points to solve the shortage of water resources are: using water scientifically and saving water; Interception of flood and diversion of passenger water; After the large-scale inter-basin South-to-North Water Transfer Project is realized, the water shortage problem can be completely solved.

[Geothermal resources] There are four abnormal terrain areas in jizhou city, all of which are closely related to the fault structure and bedrock shape, and most of them are distributed on the bumps. 1. Xuzhuang and Diliwang areas are suitable for using medium-low temperature hot water in loose caprock. 2. From Guanfu to Hengshui North Marsh, low-temperature water can be obtained from loose caprock, and high-temperature hot water can be obtained from bedrock, with low salinity, large water volume and high water head. 3. In the area of Xiwangzhuang and Menzhuang, the loose caprock can obtain medium and low temperature hot water. 4. From Liwayao in Zaoqiang to Zhangxiutun, medium-low temperature hot water can be obtained in loose caprock and medium-high temperature hot water can be obtained in bedrock.

The name of Jizhou City comes from ancient Jizhou. According to "Shangshu Gong Yu", after Dayu's flood control, China was named "Kyushu" and Ji was named "the head of Kyushu". In the sixth year (20 1 year BC), Emperor Hangao began in Xindu County, Xindu County and transferred to Jizhou. During the Three Kingdoms period, in the second year of Huangchu, Wei Wendi (AD 22 1 year), Jizhou moved to Xindu, and Anping County was also in charge of Xindu, which became a three-level jurisdiction of state, county and county, and Jizhou began to connect with Jizhou City today. In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), Xindu County was abandoned, and Jizhou was directly under the jurisdiction of Jizhou, which was a real government. In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Jizhou was changed to Jixian. 1945 After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Jixian County was changed to the five special zones in southern Hebei. 1February, 946, officially named as "Jixian People's Government". 1On September 22nd, 993, Jixian County was withdrawn from the county to build a city, and it was named Jizhou City.

Historical evolution of Jizhou

Jizhou has a long history, and its historical changes have rich cultural connotations. Based on historical data, this paper briefly introduces the historical evolution of Jizhou in four periods: ancient Jizhou, new capital Jizhou, Zhili Jizhou and modern Jizhou, so as to provide reference for understanding Jizhou's history and culture.

I. Ancient Jizhou

Kyushu proverbs have different names. In Gong Yu, Erya, Zhou Li and many other ancient books, there are three statements: Xia system, Yin system and Zhou system:

1. Kyushu recorded in Shangshu Gong Yu is: Ji, Yu, Yong, Yang, Yan, Xu, Liang, Qing and Jing;

Secondly, Kyushu in Erya Dish refers to Ji, Yu, Yong, Yang, Yan, Xu, You, Ying and Jing. Compared with the statement in Shang Gong, there are more Youzhou and Yingzhou, but not Qingzhou and Liangzhou.

Thirdly, the Kyushu recorded in Li Zhou Zhi Fang is Ji, Yu, Yong, Yang, Yan, You, Lian, Qing and Jing. Compared with the statement in Shangshu Gong Yu, there are more Youzhou and Bingzhou, but not Xuzhou and Liangzhou. In addition, there are records of 12 states in the Book of History, saying that Yu Shun once painted Kyushu by Yu, and then painted three states, namely, You, He and Ying, to form 12 states. Either way, Jizhou is among them, and ranks first, which shows the influence of Jizhou in ancient times.

Kyushu in the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties had a far-reaching influence and condensed the profound cultural complex of the Chinese nation. It is said that the Xia Dynasty (about 2 1 century-BC16th century), the Shang Dynasty (about16th century-BC 1066th century) and the Western Zhou Dynasty (about1066 BC-77 BC/kloc-)

The Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770 BC-256 BC) was divided into two periods: the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Northern Rongdi crossed Hebei, and now jizhou city was once a vassal state of Bai Di. In 489 BC, Xianyu was destroyed by gold. Now Jizhou City is the Dongyang area of Jin State. During the Warring States Period, in 295 BC, the territory of jizhou city changed to Zhao.

In the pre-Qin period, Zhou was only a legendary local administrative division system, which did not actually exist. As a local administrative unit, Zhou began in the Han Dynasty.

In 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang unified China and implemented a two-level system of counties, making the world 36 counties. Now jizhou city belongs to Julu County.

Second, Jizhou capital

From the Western Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, Jizhou was mostly located in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city), so this stage was called "Xindu Jizhou".

At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, the county (township) county system was implemented. Later, it was changed to state, county (township) and county three-level system.

In the sixth year of Emperor Gaudi (AD 20 1 year), Xindu County (regional level) was established to govern Xindu, which is now the old city of jizhou city. Xindu County consists of Xindu County and other counties. There are now four counties in jizhou city, namely Xindu County (now the old city of Jizhou), Fuliu County (now the area around Fuliucheng in Xiaozhai Township), Changcheng County (now the area around Gucheng Village in Lizhen, Wharf) and Biyang County (now the area around Anxing Village). Xindu County and Xindu County are both located in the old city of jizhou city.

In the sixth year of Gaohou (former 182), Zhang Yi, the grandson of Liu Bang's eldest daughter (the son of Princess Luyuan), was appointed as Xinduhou, and Xindu County was changed to Xindu Country, still in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city), and its jurisdiction remained unchanged. There are still four counties in jizhou city, namely Xindu County (now the old city of jizhou city), Fuliu County (now the floating city of jizhou city), Biyang County (now the Anxing area of jizhou city) and Great Wall County (now the southern ancient city of Jizhou).

In BC 155, Han Jing made Peng Zu, his eighth son, king of Guang Chuan and made Guang Chuan his capital. Guang Chuan's jurisdiction, areas under its jurisdiction and the existing four counties in jizhou city have not changed.

In the fifth year of Emperor Wu (BC 106), the state was established and a three-level system of state, county (country) and county was implemented. Divide the whole country into Jizhou and other States (equivalent to today's provincial level, also known as the secretariat department. At that time, Jizhou, as a supervisory organization, toured the whole country, including Wei, Qinghe, Julu and Changshan counties, Guang Chuan, Zhao, Guangping, Hejian, Zhongshan and Calm Six Countries (at the county and national level). Guang Chuan Guozhi is located in Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou) and has jurisdiction over 17 counties including Xindu, Biyang, Fuliu, Great Wall, Xia Bo, Tao Jin, Guanjin, Dongxiang, Dali, Gaodi, Pingdi, Wuyi, Guang Chuan, Nangong, Dongchang and Xiliang. There are still four counties in jizhou city, namely Xindu County (now the old city of jizhou city), Fuliu County (now the floating city of jizhou city), Biyang County (now the Anxing area of jizhou city) and Great Wall County (now the southern ancient city of Jizhou).

In the second year of Zhao Jian (37 BC), Guang Chuan was renamed Xindu. Xindu County still belongs to Jizhou, and the area under the jurisdiction of Xindu County has not changed compared with the original Guang Chuan State, and the four counties established in jizhou city have not changed. Xindu County and Xindu County are still in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city).

The administrative divisions of the new dynasty are the same as those of the Western Han Dynasty, and the three-level system of state, county and county is implemented. In 9 AD, Xindu State was renamed Xinbo, and Xindu County was renamed Xinboting, which was under the jurisdiction of Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou). Xinbo still belongs to Jizhou, and there are four counties in jizhou city, namely: Fuliu County (now Fuliu City in jizhou city), Changcheng County (now the south ancient city of Jizhou), Lexin County (now Anxing in jizhou city) and Xinbo Pavilion (now the old city of jizhou city).

The Eastern Han Dynasty implemented a three-level system of state, county (township) and county. At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was no fixed place in the state, and it was not until the late Eastern Han Dynasty that the place in the state began to be fixed.

In the first year of Jianwu (25 years), the whole country was divided into Jizhou and other States (equivalent to today's provincial level, there was no fixed place in the early Eastern Han Dynasty). Jizhou has Xindu, Changshan, Zhongshan, Hejian, Qinghe, Zhao, Julu, Bohai and Weijiu counties (countries). Xindu County (equivalent to the present regional level) leads thirteen counties: Xindu, Fucheng, Fuliu, Nangong, Jing, Wuyi, Guanjin, Tangyang, Wusui, Xia Bo, Raoyang, Anping and Shenze. Xindu County and Xindu County are both in Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou). At present, jizhou city has jurisdiction over Xindu County (now the old city of jizhou city), Fuliu County (now Fuliu District of jizhou city) and Biyang County (now Anxing District of jizhou city).

In Yongping 15 (72), Ming Di made Liu, the sixth son, the king of Lecheng, and converted to Du Jun as the country of Lecheng. Lechengguo still belongs to Jizhou, and its place of governance is still the new capital (now the old city of jizhou city). Jizhou city has jurisdiction over Xindu County (now the old city of jizhou city), Fuliu County (now Fuliu District of jizhou city) and Biyang County (now Anxing District of jizhou city).

In the first year of An 'an (122), Andi established Zhang's grandson as King An Ping and changed Lecheng to Anping. Anping Prefecture still belongs to Jizhou, and Anping Prefecture is located in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city). Jizhou city now governs Xindu County (now the old city of jizhou city), Fuliu County (now the old city of jizhou city) and Fucheng County (now the old city of Jizhou), and merged the original Biyang County into Xindu County (now the old city of jizhou city). During the extension of light years, the national government began to settle down, and the area under the jurisdiction of Jizhou remained unchanged, in Gaoyi (now Baixiang County, Hebei Province).

In the first year of Zhong Ping (184), Andi changed Anping Prefecture to Anping County. Anping County still belongs to Jizhou, Anping County is still in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city), and now there are three counties in jizhou city, namely Xindu County (now the old city of jizhou city), Fuliu County (now Fuliu City of jizhou city) and Fucheng County (now the south ancient city of Jizhou). During the Zhong Ping period, Jizhou moved to Ye (now Ye Town, Linzhang County, Hebei Province), Jizhou belonged to Cao Wei, and Wei implemented a three-level system of state, county (country) and county.

In the second year of Huang Chu (22 1), Wei was divided into Jizhou and other States (equivalent to today's provincial level). Cao Pi moved Jizhou from Cao Zhen to Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city), and Jizhou administered Anping, Zhao, Julu, Pingyuan, Bohai, Zhangwu, Hejian, Levin, Boling, Qinghe, Zhongshan and Changshan. Anping County consists of Xindu and other counties. Anping County is located in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city). Now there are three counties in jizhou city, namely Xindu County (now jizhou city Old Town), Fuliu County (now jizhou city Fuliu City) and Fucheng County (now Jizhou South Old Town). Xindu has become a three-level administrative center of state, county and county. Since then, the name of Jizhou has been more closely related to the territory of Jizhou City today.

In the first year of Taishi (265) of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, the whole country was divided into Jizhou and other states (equivalent to today's provincial level), and a three-level system of state, county (country) and county was implemented, and Anping County was changed to Anping State. Jizhou has jurisdiction over counties and countries (regional level) including Anping, and Jizhou is located in Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou). Anping governs Xindu, Xia Bo, Guangzong, Jingxing, Guanjin, Wuyi, Wusui and Fuliu counties, and Anping County is located in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city). There are two counties in jizhou city, namely Xindu County (now the old city of jizhou city) and Fuliu County (now Fuliu City of jizhou city).

In the fifth year of Taikang (284), Anping was changed to Changle. Changle is still under the jurisdiction of Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city), and its jurisdiction and the two counties set up in jizhou city have not changed.

After Emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty (during the Sixteen Kingdoms Period in the Eastern Jin Dynasty), northern minorities such as Xianbei and Di entered the Central Plains, and Jizhou successively belonged to Houzhao, Qianqin and Houyan. With the change of the country, the administration of Jizhou often changes. In the post-Zhao period, he was confident that Jizhou moved to Ye (now Ye Zhen, Linzhang County, Hebei Province). Murong Jun, a former Yan Xianbei nationality, moved Jizhou's stay to Ye in the pre-Qin period, and then moved Jizhou's stay to Xindu, which was inherited by Hou Yan Mu Rongchui.

Jizhou in the Southern and Northern Dynasties belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and the three generations all implemented the three-level system of state, county and county. In the Northern Wei Dynasty (396), the whole country was divided into Jizhou and other states (equivalent to the present provincial level). Jizhou governs Changle, Wuyi and Bohai, and Jizhou governs Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou). Changle County (equivalent to today's regional level) governs Xindu, Fuliu, Tangyang, Zaoqiang, Rousseau, Guang Chuan, Nangong and Xia Bo, and Changle County is located in Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou). Now there is only one county in jizhou city, Xindu County, which governs the old city of Jizhou. Letters are managed at the state, county and county levels. During the Northern Qi and Northern Zhou Dynasties, the division of states, counties and counties remained unchanged.

In the first two years of Sui Dynasty, three levels were implemented: state, county and county. In the third year of Emperor Wendi (583), the county level was abolished and the state and county levels were implemented. The whole country is divided into Jizhou and other states (regional level). Jizhou has twelve counties under its jurisdiction: Xindu, Tangyang, Hengshui, Zaoqiang, Wuyi, Nangong, Wuqiang, Lucheng, Xia Bo, Fucheng and Binqiang. Jizhou Prefecture is located in Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou), and now there is only one Xindu County in jizhou city. Six years after the Emperor's reign, he established Capital County and Changle County (now the old city of jizhou city). In the 16th year, Changle County was placed under Zecheng County (now jizhou city Fuliucheng). In the third year of Yang Di's great cause (607), the county-level system was changed, and Jizhou was changed to Xindu County. The jurisdiction has not changed, and the county governs the new capital (now the old city of jizhou city). At the same time, Xindu County and Zecheng County merged into Changle County.

The Tang Dynasty implemented a three-level system of Dao, Zhou and County. In the early Tang Dynasty, the world was divided into ten provinces (such as Hebei Road), and Hebei Road governed Jizhou and other states. Jizhou (once renamed Weizhou or Xindu County) governs Xindu, Tangyang, Nangong, Zaoqiang, Wuyi, Hengshui, Fucheng and Wuqiang (later renamed as six counties), and the state governs Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou). Jizhou city (now the old city of jizhou city) has only one county.

In the second year of Tang Gaozong Longshuo (662), Jizhou was changed to Weizhou, and the state administration was still in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city). Xianheng three years (672), renamed Jizhou. In the first year of Tianbao in Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (742), it was changed to Xindu County. In the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (758), Ba County was restored to Jizhou, and the county was changed from nine to six, namely Xindu, Nangong, Tangyang, Zaoqiang, Wuyi and Hengshui. God bless two years (905), Xindu County was changed to Du Yao County.

The five dynasties (Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou) all implemented the three-level system of Dao, Zhou and County. The jurisdiction is divided into Hebei Road and other roads (provincial level), Hebei Road governs counties such as Jizhou, Jizhou (regional level) governs counties such as Xindu, and Jizhou governs Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou). Jizhou city (now the old city of jizhou city) has only one county. During the Five Dynasties, there were frequent wars in Jizhou. "Liang Bing took Jizhou, Li Keyong saved it. The Khitan attacked Jizhou, but Zhou Bing refused. Since the chaos at the end of the Tang Dynasty, heroes have actually started, and the war has been chaotic for several years. "

The Song Dynasty implemented the three-level system of road, state and county. There are fifteen roads in the world, such as Hebei East Road (provincial level), and Jizhou and other States (regional level) are under the jurisdiction of Hebei East Road. Jizhou has seven counties, including Xindu, Nangong, Zaoqiang, Wuyi, Hengshui and Fucheng, and Jizhou is located in Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou). At present, there is only one county in jizhou city.

In the second year of Emperor Gaozong Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 128), Jizhou was returned to the State of Jin. In the seventh year of Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty (1 129), Jizhou (also called An Wu Jun) was still established. Jizhou Prefecture is still in Xindu (now the old city of jizhou city). Jizhou belongs to Hejian Prefecture (a first-level administrative organization between provincial and regional levels) and is placed under Hebei East Road (provincial level). In the first year of Zhenyou (12 13), Mongolian soldiers captured Jizhou.

Third, Zhili Jizhou

During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Jizhou, as a "giant state in the capital" accompanying Kyoto, was always under the direct jurisdiction of Lu (Yuan), Fu (Ming) and Chief Secretary (Qing), so it was called Zhili Jizhou.

The Yuan Dynasty implemented a four-level system of roads, prefectures, prefectures and counties, which divided the whole country into Zhending Road (provincial level) and other roads, and Jizhou (regional level) was directly under Zhending Road (cross-prefecture level) and under Yannan Hebei Road (provincial level). Jizhou is located in Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou), and there are five counties in Jizhou: Xindu, Nangong, Xinhe, Zaoqiang and Wuyi. There is only one county in Jizhou at present.

The Ming Dynasty implemented a three-level system of prefectures and counties. The whole country is divided into Zhengding government and other governments (provincial level), and Jizhou (regional level) belongs to Zhengding government. Jizhou has jurisdiction over Zaoqiang, Wuyi, Nangong and Xinhe counties (in the second year of Hongwu, namely 1369, Xindu County was abolished and Jizhou was directly under the jurisdiction), where it is located (now the old city of Jizhou), and now jizhou city is directly under Jizhou.

The Qing Dynasty implemented a three-level system of prefectures and counties. In the second year of Yongzheng (1724), Jizhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Chaoyanbu Administration. Jizhou has jurisdiction over Nangong, Xinhe, Zaoqiang, Wuyi and Hengshui. The state governs Xindu (now the old city of Jizhou), and now Jizhou City is directly under Jizhou.

Fourthly, Jizhou in modern times.

In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), Jizhou, Zhili Prefecture was abolished and Jixian County was established, which belonged to Jinan Road, Zhili (regional level). In the second year, it was renamed Daming Road (regional level). In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), Jixian County was under the jurisdiction of Hebei Province. In 25 years (1936), it belonged to Nangong administrative district, and in 26 years (1937), it belonged to the 14th Inspectorate District of Hebei Province. In the twenty-seventh year of the Republic of China (1938), in April of 15, the military and political commission of southern Hebei was established, and the anti-Japanese democratic government was established in Jixian County. In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), on February 9th, the Japanese army occupied Jixian County. In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), the Jixian government perished on its own.

194 1 08 15, Jixian county belongs to the 14th district of southern Hebei in the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan border region of China. 1942 After "April 29th", he was under the leadership of the Sixth Division in southern Hebei. 1945 After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Jixian County was changed to the five special zones in southern Hebei. 1946 In February, the border area and Cross Village were divided into their original parts, and the administration of the old county was restored. The administrative office of southern Hebei was officially named "Jixian People's Government", which was led by five specialized agencies.

1948 On September 26th, the People's Government of North China was established, and Jixian County was under the five special zones in southern Hebei, North China. 1949, 1 In August, the People's Government of Hebei Province was established, and Jixian County was placed in Hengshui area of Hebei Province. 1October 7th 1952, 165438+, Jixian county was changed to Shijiazhuang special zone, and on February 20th1958,65438+, Jixian county was revoked and merged into Hengshui county (also belonging to Shijiazhuang special zone). 196 1 On July 9, 2008, Hengshui County was separated, and Jixian County and Zaoqiang County were separated to form Jixian County. 1 962 65438+1October1Jixian analysis Jixian county is Jixian county and zaoqiang county, and Jixian county is still the original organizational system. On June 27 of the same year, Hengshui area was reset, and Jixian county still belongs to Hengshui area. 1970, Hengshui area was changed to Hengshui area, and Jixian county still belongs to it. 1On September 22nd, 993, with the approval of the State Council, Jixian County was withdrawn from the county to set up a city (county-level city). 1July, 996 10, Hengshui area was changed to prefecture-level Hengshui city, and jizhou city still belongs to Hengshui city.

Historical celebrities in Jizhou

In the long history of Jizhou, many outstanding figures have emerged, including emperors, generals, literati, martial arts experts and so on. These people have made certain contributions to historical progress and social development from different aspects and are admired by future generations. According to relevant historical records, some outstanding figures of Jizhou nationality in history are summarized as follows:

I. Imperial officials

Tong Pi 1

After Liu Xiu arrived in Luoyang, he worshipped Tong Pi as the satrap, and was later appointed as Zuo Cao's assistant to serve the emperor. After Emperor Liu Zhuang ascended the throne, he painted portraits of 28 founding heroes in Yuntai, Nangong, calling them "Twenty-eight Generals of Yuntai", and Tong Pi was one of them.

According to historical records, after the pacification of Wang Lang, Tong Pi made Quyang County Decree. During his official career, he was honest, proficient in pharmacology and medical skills, and attached importance to the medical cause, which was praised by the local people. According to legend, Tong Pi's medical skill is exquisite, and he often pretends to be a string of rural doctors to treat people, and the curative effect is quite good, so he is called "imperial doctor". Tong Pi was buried in Nanguan (now Anguo County) in qi zhou after his death, and the Wang Pi Temple was built in the cemetery as a memorial place. During the Song Dynasty, Zhou Qiren honored Tong Pi as the "King of Medicine", and during the period of Taiping and Xingguo in the Northern Song Dynasty (976-984 AD), qi zhou established the "Temple of the King of Medicine". Liu Yong, a college student in the Qing Dynasty, inscribed a tablet for "Wang Yao Temple".

2. Feng Postscript and Flood Peak

Feng Ba (? -43 1), the word Wen Qi, was born in Guo Jun, Beiyan, sixteen countries in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Xindu, Changle County (now Moon Village, Jizhou Town, jizhou city). Grandfather Feng He moved to Shangdang (now Zhangzi County, Shaanxi Province) to escape the war during the Yongjia Rebellion in the Western Jin Dynasty. Father Feng An is General Xi Yan. After the defeat of Xiyan, Feng Anjia moved to Long (now Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province) and became a Xianbei Han.

Feng Ba was ambitious and unrestrained when he was a teenager. Later, Yan Murong Bao was the general of Zhongwei at that time. After Murong Xi acceded to the throne, he was appointed commander-in-chief of Zhongwei. Murong Xi is fatuous and tyrannical, with heavy taxes, and the people are miserable and complaining. Feng Ba came up with a way to kill Mr. Murong, so that Gao Yun, Murong Bao's adopted son, was given priority, while Feng Ba was appointed as the general of Peking University, Shi Zhong, Kai Fu and Wu Yigong. In 409 AD, Gao Yun, the prince of Yan, was killed by his subordinates, and Feng Baping settled the matter and was elected king by the people. The year number is "Taiping", and the country is still called Yan (known as Beiyan in history).

When Feng Ba was in office, he took a series of measures to consolidate his rule and develop production. "In addition to tyranny, punish greed (Qiu, which means bribery)", he asked officials at all levels to be benevolent and benefit the people, and severely punish corrupt officials, so as to "fear from top to bottom and prohibit the road". "Save taxes and teach farmers and mulberry", he saved corvee and taxes, and carefully inquired about the strategy of encouraging farmers when selecting officials. "Persuading agriculture to teach mulberry" has become a common practice and agriculture has developed rapidly. He attached importance to ethics, rewarded filial piety, and built imperial academy everywhere to educate the people. Feng Ba has been in power for 22 years, the society is relatively stable and the production has developed.

In 43 1 year, Feng Ba was seriously ill, and the philosophers and their brothers fought for power and the king, killing each other and dying of panic.

Hongfeng, the word, the brother of Fengba, is the monarch of Beiyan. When Feng Ba was in power, Hongfeng was named Zhongshan Gong. After the death of Feng Ba, Hongfeng killed Feng Yi, the son of Feng Ba, and established himself as the monarch of Beiyan, with the title "Taixing" and reigned for six years. In 437 AD, Wei Bing was forced to flee to North Korea (present-day Korea) at the gate of Beiyan. Two years later, he was killed by the king of South Korea.

3. Queen Feng

Feng Taihou (44 1-490), a native of Xindu, Changle County (now Yueliang Village, Jizhou Town, jizhou city), was the granddaughter of Hongfeng, the monarch of Beiyan, and was an outstanding female reformer. After his grandfather Feng fled to North Korea, his father and uncle surrendered to Wei. Lang Feng was assassinated in the Northern Wei Dynasty from Guan to Qin and Yong (present-day Shaanxi) and was named the Duke of West County. Later, he was convicted and killed. Feng was sent to the palace and raised by his aunt (left of the Northern Wei Dynasty monarch). She has been smart and studious since she was a child. Under the education of her aunt, she is not only proficient in writing, but also knowledgeable.

In 452 AD, Tuo domineering entered Dengji, 1 1 year-old Feng was elected a nobleman, and in 456 AD, he was made a queen. In 465, Wen Chengdi died at the age of 26, and TaBaHong acceded to the throne (Li Fushou). Feng was honored as the empress dowager. At that time, Emperor Xianwen was only 12 years old, and he was still an ignorant child. The prime minister easily confused the autocratic power and plotted to overthrow the emperor's official position. Feng Taihou and the minister of Han nationality made a secret plan, suddenly killed Yi Hun, and then went to court. In 467 AD, Prince Tuoba Hong was born. Feng Taihou no longer listened to the government, but raised his grandson. 14-year-old Xianwen Emperor is in office. In 47 1 year, 18-year-old emperor TaBaHong gave the throne to 4-year-old prince TaBaHong (Emperor Xiaowen), and Feng was made the empress dowager. Tuoba Hong became the emperor's father, but he still participated in state affairs. In 476 AD, Taibatohong suddenly died. According to historical records, "the ancestor (Emperor Hong) suddenly collapsed, and it is said that it was the Queen Mother." Feng began to listen to politics for the second time until his death in 490 AD.

After Feng Taihou came to North Korea again, he carried out a comprehensive and thorough reform in politics, economy, culture, ideology, customs and habits. Such as: advocating China, building Confucius Temple and advocating Confucianism; Establish schools and develop education; Xianbei people are forbidden to marry with the same surname; Get rid of Xianbei people's habit of believing in witchcraft; Implement the land equalization system, distribute the land abandoned by the war to the hard-working Ding Zhuang, and collect taxes to benefit the country; Establish a household registration system and a wage system. After a series of reforms presided over by Feng Taihou, the Northern Wei Dynasty got rid of the chaotic situation, suppressed the predatory behavior of powerful people, and the country became increasingly stable. The Northern Wei Dynasty gradually changed from the backward mode of production of Xianbei nationality to the advanced feudal mode of production of Han nationality, which laid a solid foundation for Emperor Xiaowen to carry out the policy of sinicization on a larger scale after he took office.

Feng Taihou enforced the law strictly, and two princes were prosecuted for taking bribes and bending the law. Many princes and ministers interceded for them. According to North Korea's regulations, Feng Taihou deprived them of their knighthood and imprisoned them for life. Feng Taihou lived a simple life, dressed in plain silk, with a table only one foot square, and ate much less than other emperors and queens. She also wrote a will before her death, stipulating that the tomb was thirty paces long and ten feet wide, and that ordinary coffins were used instead of sacrifices. In the 14th year of Taihe (AD 490), Feng Taihou died at the age of 49 and was named the "Empress Dowager of Civilization". Feng Taihou made outstanding contributions to the feudalization and sinicization of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and a series of reform measures adopted had a far-reaching impact on later generations.

4. feng

Feng (? -495), the word Jinchang, was born in Changle Xindu (now Moon Village, jizhou city), the younger brother of Feng Taihou, surrendered to the Northern Wei Dynasty with his father Lang Feng, and was convicted and killed. After being killed, Feng was taken away by his mother, fled to raise him and learned a good martial arts. Later, I went to Chang 'an to study Xiao Jing, The Analects of Confucius and The Art of War of Yin and Yang.

After Feng Taihou entered the palace, people visited Feng, took him to the palace, made him the top general, and awarded him the title of "Fat as Hou". Later, he made a secretariat of Dingzhou and became the "King Changli". When Emperor Xiaowen was emperor, he served as the secretariat of Luozhou and a middle school teacher. His three daughters are all married to Emperor Xiaowen, two of whom are called Empresses (Abandoned Empresses and Empresses You) and one is called Zuo. Feng Zhangzi married Princess Changle, the younger sister of Emperor Xiaowen, and worshipped a captain, lieutenant Zheng and Nanping Wang.

In the 19th year of Taihe (AD 495), Feng died of illness and was posthumously given to Fu, Tai Wei and Jizhou. Emperor Xiaowen set up an epitaph to express his condolences.

5. Shangyi

Shang Yi, a native of Jizhou (now jizhou city) in the Ming Dynasty, is known for his honesty. Shangyi Yongle was a juror in the three-year examination and served as the magistrate of Yan 'an County. At that time, the land in Yan 'an County was barren and the people were poor. During Shang Yi's tenure, he led the people of the county to reclaim wasteland and develop it.