Lithuanian immigrants in Nanjing

Russian is one of the official languages of the United Nations and Russia. It is one of the official languages of ethnic minorities recognized by People's Republic of China (PRC). Until 19 17, Russian was the only official language of the Russian Empire, but during the Soviet period, every member and country had its own official language, and Russian became the language of the Soviet Union. 199 1 year later, an independent country encouraged its mother tongue, thus reversing the dominant position of Russian, although its role as a national communication has not changed.

In Latvia, there are more than one third of the Russian population, mainly immigrants from Russia and the former Soviet Union before the two world wars. The use of Russian in class is still controversial. In Estonia, Soviet-era immigrants and their descendants account for about a quarter of the country's current population.

In Lithuania, the Russian-speaking population accounts for less than one tenth of the total population. However, about 80% of the population in the Baltic region can talk in basic Russian. In Finland, once a part of Russia, there are still several Russian-speaking communities.

In the 20th century, Russian was widely used in schools in Warsaw Pact countries, including Poland, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Albania. However, the younger generation is usually not fluent because Russian is no longer used in schools. In addition, influenced by the Soviet Union, some Asian countries such as Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia and Mongolia still teach Russian. Russian is still used as a lingua franca in several tribes in Afghanistan.

In Israel, at least 750,000 Jewish immigrants from the former Soviet Union use it (1999 population survey). Israeli news, websites and publications often use Russian.

In North America, there is a considerable Russian-speaking community, especially in urban areas of the United States and Canada, such as new york, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Toronto, Miami, Chicago and Richmond Heights in the suburb of Cleveland. The Russian population in new york and Los Angeles alone is estimated to be 500,000. They publish their own newspapers and live in self-sufficient areas (especially immigrants who started in the 1960s).

According to the 2000 US Census, Russian is spoken by 1.50% of the population in the United States, which is about 4.2 million people, ranking 10th among American languages.

Since the beginning of the 20th century, there have been many Russian-speaking immigrants in Western Europe. There are 3 million Russian-speaking communities in Germany, Britain, Spain, France, Italy, Belgium, Greece, Brazil and Turkey.

Russian is the official language of Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the internationally unrecognized Transnistrian Republic, South Ossetia and Abkhazia. It is also one of the six official languages of the United Nations. In Russia and the former Soviet Union, teaching in Russian is a common choice for people whose mother tongue or second language is Russian.

Although the Russian population accounts for 78% in Russia, Belarus 10%, Kazakhstan/26%, Ukraine 17%, Kyrgyzstan/9%, Moldova/6%, Azerbaijan/2%, Georgia 1.5%, and Armenia and Tajikistan1. It accounts for 75% in Belarus, 465,438+0% in Kazakhstan, 25% in Ukraine, 265,438+0% in Kyrgyzstan, 7% in Moldova, 7% in Azerbaijan, 5% in Georgia and 2% in Armenia and Tajikistan.

Unless the government tries to reduce the number of subjects taught in Russian, Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania still teach in Russian.

A Survey of Russian Major Colleges in China

Peking University, China Renmin University, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Jiaotong University, university of international business and economics, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Minzu University of China, Chinese People's Public Security University, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing Communication University.

Tianjin Nankai University, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin Foreign Studies University

Hebei University, Hebei Normal University and Yanshan University in Hebei Province.

Shanxi University, Shanxi Province

Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Liaoning University, Dalian Foreign Studies University, Liaoning Normal University, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang University, Northeastern University, shenyang ligong university.

Jilin University, Northeast Normal University, changchun university of science and technology, Changchun University, Jilin Normal University, Yanbian University.

Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin Normal University, Qiqihar University, Mudanjiang Normal University, Jiamusi University, Northeast Forestry University.

Shanghai Fudan University, East China Normal University, Shanghai International Studies University

Jiangsu Nanjing University, Suzhou University, Nanjing Normal University, Xuzhou Normal University

Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province

Anhui University, Anhui Normal University

Fujian Normal University, Xiamen University, Fujian Province

Shandong University, Shandong Normal University, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Petroleum University.

Henan University and Zhengzhou University in Henan Province

Wuhan University in Hubei Province, Huazhong Normal University

Hunan Normal University, Hunan Province

Guangdong South China Normal University, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

Chongqing Southwest Normal University, Sichuan International Studies University

Sichuan University, Sichuan Normal University

Guizhou Normal University, Guizhou Province

Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Province, xi International Studies University

Lanzhou University in Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Northwest University for Nationalities

Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Training objectives:

This major trains Russian senior professionals with solid Russian language foundation, proficient Russian skills, high language application ability and extensive scientific and cultural knowledge, who can engage in translation, research, teaching and management in foreign affairs, economy and trade, culture, news, education, scientific research and tourism. Have preliminary academic research and practical work ability.

Employment prospects:

The development of Sino-Russian trade has opened up broad employment prospects for Russian graduates.

Experts believe that the development of Sino-Russian trade has opened up broad employment prospects for Russian graduates. China's northern industrial base is similar to Russian industrial structure. Russia's scientific research strength is obvious to all, and some scientific and technological achievements are very suitable for Northeast China. Moreover, because the Russian economy has just begun to recover, the cost of technology introduction is lower than that of western countries, which is more suitable for China's national conditions. Historically, China and Russia have a good tradition of scientific and technological cooperation. The scientific and technological cooperation between the two sides reached its peak in the 1950s and 1960s. Since 1990s, China and Russia have carried out some large-scale cooperation projects in the high-tech field, such as the construction of Tianwan Nuclear Power Station and the construction of Sino-Russian high-tech industrialization demonstration bases in Shandong, Zhejiang, Heilongjiang and other provinces. With the overall acceleration of energy cooperation between the two countries, Russian professionals will have a bright future.