Who has information about the alien invasion?

Classification: Education/Science >> Science and Technology

Problem description:

It seems that in 2003, CCTV7 made a special program about this. Please let me know who it is. Thank you very much.

Analysis:

Hyphantria cunea, which threatens the ecological security in Beijing and other places, and Ampullaria gigas, which brings Angiostrongylus cantonensis disease, have the same name: "alien invasive organisms".

What harm did alien invasive organisms do to China? How serious is the situation? How to deal with its challenges? Recently, the reporter interviewed Wan, executive deputy director of the Center for Prevention and Control of Alien Invasive Organisms of the Ministry of Agriculture and chief scientist of the National 973 Program "Basic Research on Invasion Mechanism and Control of Agricultural and Forestry Dangerous Organisms".

Four factors lead to alien creatures dominating the world.

Reporter: How to understand the concept of "alien invasion"?

Wan: For a specific ecosystem and habitat, any non-native creatures are called alien creatures. Alien creatures leave the "motherland" and become "biological immigrants". There is no difference between "biological migration" and "good migration", but when they breed wantonly in new habitats and cause economic losses or ecological disasters to biodiversity, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery production and human health, they constitute "alien invasion".

Reporter: These "invaders" are often not fierce in their hometown. Why do you become an "eco-killer" abroad?

Wan: There are four main reasons why alien creatures can dominate the invasion: First, they have strong ecological adaptability. Once it survives, it will soon do as the Romans do. Secondly, its strong reproductive characteristics make it "wildfire never completely devours them, and they grow taller in the spring breeze". Third, the biological groups and ecosystems in the invaded areas are fragile and easy to be changed. Fourth, there are no natural enemies in the newborn environment, and there is no danger of "mantis catching cicada, yellowbird behind". They can be unscrupulous.

The report published by the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity in March this year said that the global economic losses caused by biological invasion amounted to hundreds of billions of dollars.

More than 400 alien species invaded China.

Reporter: When was the danger of alien invasion recognized?

Wan: 1954, Albert, an American, first put forward the concept of "biological invasion" in the Ecology of Animal Invasion. Until about 1982, the problem of biological invasion was widely recognized. With the acceleration of globalization, what really caught the world's attention was the alien invasion in the middle and late 1990s.

Reporter: What was the alien invasion of China?

Wan: China has become one of the countries most seriously invaded by alien creatures. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 400 alien species invading China. Among the most threatening 100 alien species in the world published by IUCN, China accounts for more than 50 species, and most of them are harmful.

Humans may also be invaded by these creatures. The snail Ampullaria canaliculata, which caused an uproar in Beijing a while ago, is an example.

What is even more worrying is that before the 1990s, there was only one biological invasion every 8- 10 years. In recent years, 1-2 kinds of new faces appear every year, and quarantine departments often intercept some "high-risk elements".

Preventing alien invasion is a protracted war.

Reporter: What efforts should China make to deal with alien invasion?

Wan: The problem of alien invasion has attracted great attention from China and has taken a series of measures. But the current situation is still very serious. Preventing alien invasion is a protracted war.

First of all, we must find out the family background and make scientific decisions. Establishing a comprehensive alien biological database is the premise of making prevention and control decisions. At the same time, it is suggested to set up corresponding expert committees to provide scientific reference for decision-making.

Secondly, at present, there is no law specifically aimed at alien invasion in China. Only by establishing and perfecting the corresponding legal system can we put an end to the phenomenon of disasters caused by alien invasive species.

In addition, there are laws to follow and effective supervision is needed. Corresponding crisis management mechanism and rapid emergency response system should be established, and authoritative leading institutions should be established to coordinate the unified actions of departments and industries such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, ocean, inspection and quarantine, environmental protection, etc., so as to form a joint defense situation. At the same time, only by establishing the responsibility system and defining the "responsibility field" can the prevention and control work be implemented.

bio base/blog/user 1/bio invasion/

There are many websites.

tech . 163/special/0009 1T3K/shengwu ruqin

Biological Invasion Topic _ Netease Discovery Channel