What bill was introduced by the early colonists in American history?

The Commons Act in American history is also known as the Homestead Act.

Date of promulgation of Homestead Law:

1862, US President abraham lincoln issued a decree aimed at distributing the state-owned land in the western United States to the vast number of immigrants free of charge.

Background of homestead law:

1862 In May, Lincoln signed the Homestead Law, which stipulated that every American citizen could acquire 160 acres of land in the west only by paying the registration fee of 10, and become the legal owner of this land after five years of continuous farming. This measure fundamentally eliminated the possibility of southern slave owners seizing land in the west, and at the same time met the urgent demands of the broad masses of farmers, which greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers for their heroic struggle.

After the independence of the United States, the federal government nationalized the western land and decided to sell it in batches to increase income, repay the national debt and meet the requirements of land speculators. However, the land sold has a large unit area and high price, which western immigrants can't afford, so they launched a long-term struggle for free land distribution. Due to the obstruction of slave owners in the south, until the civil war, the bill of granting free land to immigrants was rejected by the Senate.

After the political representatives of southern slave owners withdrew from Congress, Lincoln was able to realize the homestead plan put forward by the Communist Party of China (CPC). The House of Representatives and the Senate passed the homestead law on February 28th and May 6th, respectively, 1862. Lincoln promulgated this law on May 20th.

"Homestead Law" content:

According to the Homestead Law, any American citizen who is the head of the family or has reached the age of 265,438+0 and has never participated in the rebellion can register and receive a total of no more than 65,438+060 acres (65,438+0 acres =0.40 hectares) after swearing that the land was acquired for reclamation purposes and paying a fee of $65,438+00. The Homestead Law also stipulates a discount clause, that is, if the registered person applies for priority purchase, he can buy it at the price of $65,438 +0.25 per acre after six months. This clause was later used by land speculators. According to statistics, according to the Homestead Law and its supplementary laws, the Federation granted 250 million mu of land to immigrants at a rate of 1950.

The significance of Homestead Law;

The Homestead Act satisfies the land requirements of farmers in the west to a certain extent, and establishes the ownership of small-scale farmers' land, thus creating favorable conditions for the development of American agricultural capitalism. Its implementation also stimulated the struggle of western farmers against southern slave owners and curbed the expansion of slave plantations to the west. The most far-reaching influence of the Homestead Law is to promote the development of the western region.

From 1862 to 1900, at least 600,000 families benefited from it. Thousands of African-Americans moved from the South to Kansas. They are called expatriates, which means people who have fled.

During the civil war, farmers in the west sent more than half of the soldiers to the Federation and provided sufficient food, which played an important role in the victory of the Northern War.

What are the major wars in American history?

List of wars with great influence in American history:

The founding period

■ American War of Independence1776-1783;

The American War of Independence (1775- 1783), or the American Revolutionary War, was originally a war between the British Empire and its revolutionaries in 13 colonies in North America. At first, the war was mainly aimed at the economic policy of the British Empire, but later, because France, Spain and the Netherlands joined the war against the British Empire, the scope of the war far exceeded that of British North America.

At the same time, many North American Indians were mobilized to join the war. During the war, Britain was able to take advantage of its naval superiority to occupy colonial coastal cities, but how to control rural areas made the British army extremely difficult. With the victory of the Battle of Chabik, Britain surrendered in the Battle of Yorktown at 178 1. 1783 Paris Treaty recognized the independence of the United States of America. During the War of Independence, many colonists fled thirteen colonies to escape the war and settled in the north. This war also prepared for Canada's independence in the future. Although the American revolution includes political and social development before and after the war, the terms American revolutionary war and American revolution are often used interchangeably. Only military activities are mentioned here. If you need a broader vision, including the origin and subsequent influence, please refer to the American Revolution. See American Revolution.

■ The Second War between the United States and Britain

18 12- 18 15

After the independence of the United States, the British Empire has been unwilling to fail in an attempt to recapture the colonies. At the same time, the United States also wants to buy western North America and liberate Canada controlled by Britain. 1812 June18, the United States declared war on Britain, and the US military launched an attack on Canada. Because of the shortage of troops, Britain bribed many North American Indians to attack the United States. Soon the United States was defeated, and important cities and fortresses such as Detroit were occupied by Britain.

1865438+In August 2004, the British army mobilized heavy troops from Canada to attack the United States, occupied Washington, the capital of the United States, and burned down the US Capitol and the White House, but it was stubbornly blocked by the US military in Baltimore. In September, the British army attacked new york by land and water, and the British navy was wiped out and retreated to Canada. On February 24th, 65438, Britain and America signed the Ghent Peace Treaty, and Britain confirmed the independence of the United States. 1815 65438+10 In October, British troops attacked New Orleans, but were repelled by American troops. The war is over. In this war, the United States attacked the strong with the weak. Although it did not seize new territory, it made Britain completely give up its intention to conquer the United States. The United States also abandoned its plan to go north to Canada and turned south to attack Mexico.

In addition, from a neutral standpoint, we cannot simply say that Americans are not good to Indians, but Britain is better. Britain may have a better attitude towards American Indians, but it has done much more bad things in other parts of the world than Americans, such as the genocide of local aborigines in the war between Australia and Zulu.

■ westward expansion period (1820-1865)

The westward movement of the United States is a large-scale immigration and colonization movement in the United States, and it is a process of urbanization, industrialization and great integration of the American nation. This westward movement has had a great and far-reaching impact on American economy, politics and society. So far, an American history can be said to be a western colonial history to a great extent. It laid the foundation for the United States to develop into a powerful country.

■ American-Mexican War (1846 ~ 1848)

Plantations in Texas, Mexico, rebelled at 1835 and demanded to be merged into the United States. Mexico sent troops to suppress. So the United States invaded Texas and invaded Mexico. In May, the United States declared war on Mexico.

1846 may18, American troops occupied Matamos to the south, Monterrey in September and Saarti in June 165438+ 10. In June of the same year, Carney led 1700 American troops to the west and captured Mexico and California. 1847 In February, Taylor's troops defeated 14000 Mexican troops led by Mexican President Santa Anna in Buena Vista. In March, US troops led 1000 US troops landed in Veracruz in the Gulf of Mexico under the command of Commander-in-Chief Squet. On the 29th, US troops captured Veracruz. On April 18, the US military defeated President Santa Anna and the main force of the General Staff. On May 5th, American troops occupied Puebla and approached Mexico City. In August, American reinforcements arrived, and American troops defeated Mexican troops again in contreras. The two sides held peace talks and the talks broke down on September 7. On September 8, the US military launched an attack on Mexico City, but it was repelled. On June 12, American troops occupied the highlands outside the city and shelled the city walls. 14, American troops invaded Mexico city, 16, took control of the whole city and imposed martial law. The Mexican president was removed from office in June+10, 5438. In June 1847, 1 65438+1October1,Ancio was elected interim president of Mexico, and in June 1848,1,the two sides began peace talks. On February 2, the two sides signed a peace treaty, and Mexico ceded Texas, New Mexico and Upper California. In June 1848, 12, American troops withdrew from Mexico City, and the war ended.

Through this small-scale war, the United States seized 2.3 million square kilometers of land and became a big country across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, which is rare in the world. Mexico, which has just gained independence from Spain for more than ten years, has lost most of its territory and its strength has been greatly weakened. Since then, the United States has gained the status of a great American country.