Is there any bloodshed in Canada's independence in history?

Speaking of Canada, we always think it is a lucky dog, because all countries are bleeding when they become independent. Take its neighbor, the United States, for example. The United States is now a superpower. It took eight years before and after the War of Independence. If Washington hadn't turned Gan Kun over, it would have almost turned over. But unlike Canada, Canada seems to be stable and independent without bloodshed.

After all, Canada made Britain recognize its position, and finally made Britain fully recognize its independence. During this period, there was no war between Canada and Britain, which was completely different from the independence of the United States, which was also a British colony.

But is this really the case? Actually, it's not. What we know is only a general historical overview. Just because there is only an overview, we have some misunderstandings about the process of Canada's independence. In fact, Canada's independence has also experienced long-term suffering and dedication.

Since the opening of the new air route, the earliest ruler of this territory in Canada is France. At that time, France had been in this area since16th century. New France? Colonize this land for a century. Until the18th century, there was always a contradiction between Britain and France on the European continent, and this contradiction gradually shifted to the colony with the passage of time, so Britain and France broke out in Canada? Seven years' war? After the war, Britain became the direct owner of Canada.

In order to maintain the long-term stability of its own rule, Britain promulgated the Quebec Act in 1774 shortly after its occupation of Canada, which guaranteed the basic rights and customs of the former French colonists and made them go on as usual.

This makes the British immigrants and the original French immigrants get along more and more harmoniously in this land of Canada, and they also become the main body of Canada in the future. After all, British and French Canadians account for more than 70% of Canada's countries. In a word, Canada has an independent subject foundation at this time.

When immigrants from Britain and France were mixed in Canada, the United States stepped in after the War of Independence? In A.D. 18 12, the United States began to declare war on Canada in order to continue to expand its territory. The battle is huge, and the United States is determined to win. After all, Britain was too busy dealing with France in Europe to take care of North America.

Therefore, the us military did not take it seriously. In fact, at first, the American army played very well, not only annihilating the effective force of the British army, but also killing the famous Indian leader tecumseh. However, what the US military did not expect was that Canada did not compromise in the face of difficulties, but they twisted into a rope. In addition to the British army, the Indians who were originally descendants of the British and French colonies cooperated with each other and finally drove away the American army.

Also because they have experienced storms, they already have a national consciousness in their hearts at this time.

As time went on, the blood relationship became colder and colder, and the descendants of Britain and France with national consciousness began to desperately want more power, which was unacceptable to the British governor who commanded Canada, so the contradiction between the two sides became more and more acute and there was only one chance to go to war.

1836 to 1837, the global financial crisis is such an opportunity, because the British colonies are the most affected. Canada seized this opportunity to launch an uprising, but due to insufficient preparation, the uprising was finally suppressed. But although it failed, it shook the British rule in Canada. In Canada's mind, Britain is already? Outsiders? Yes

In this case, Britain felt more and more overwhelmed, so it took the initiative to take a step back, that is, to implement an autonomous system in Canada and establish an autonomous government in its region to alleviate the contradiction between Britain and Canada. Later, Britain even promulgated the British North America Act in 1867, which stipulated in detail the regional division between the central and local governments, and Canada officially became a member of Britain? Dominion? .

After becoming a dominion, the law stipulates that Canada has not only the right to handle internal affairs, but also the right to handle military and foreign affairs. With these powers, Canada can completely deny some policies of its home country, Britain. For example, in order to promote the development of sparsely populated Canada, a large number of immigrants are needed, but Canada is no longer limited to British immigrants, but is open to immigrants from all over Europe.

This makes the proportion of British immigrants in Canada decline, and the original British immigrants are gradually not interested in Britain because of the dilution of blood, so as time goes by, Canada's independence momentum is getting stronger and stronger. However, at this time, Canada did not dare to be independent. It still needs to wait for an opportunity to leave its motherland Britain completely.

The time point was World War I at the beginning of the 20th century, which was an important turning point in Canada.

At that time, after Britain and France declared war on Germany and Austria, the demand for food and weapons was much stronger than before, while Canada was a dominion and had close ties with Britain, so Britain naturally wanted to do business with Canada more than the United States. Thanks to the soaring foreign trade orders, Canada's industry and agriculture have developed rapidly, and Canada's strength at this time should not be underestimated.

Of course, in addition to the economy, Canada's military performance, such as World War I, can also prove its ability to its suzerain Britain and the whole world.

During the First World War, Canada mobilized tens of thousands of troops to help Britain, especially in the battle for Mount Wei in 19 17. Canada led four divisions * * * 65438+ 10,000 people to join the battle of Mount Weimi, and launched a fierce battle with the Germans. After four days of fighting, Wei Mi Mountain was captured at the cost of more than 10,000 casualties, and the final victory was achieved. You know, before this, the British and French allied forces took 6.5438+0.5 million people as the price, and did not take any advantage from them.

While Canada is getting stronger and stronger, the strength of Britain has fallen quite seriously. Not to mention the combat effectiveness during World War I, even the war against South Africa in 1899 was quite difficult.

Therefore, in such a changing situation, Canada is no longer willing to become a dependency of Britain. This is not only because Britain's strength can no longer bear the responsibility of protecting the dominion, but also because its own strength is the scale that a powerful sovereign country should have.

Therefore, at the Paris Association of countries that tried the allies after World War I, the Canadian Prime Minister thought that he should attend the meeting as an independent representative, which is also internationally recognized.

Later, due to the efforts of World War I, especially the efforts of Britain, Canada obtained all the rights that a sovereign country should have in the Westminster Act promulgated by Britain in 193 1, but Canada still admitted that it belonged to the Commonwealth and still needed to support the British king as the head of state.

And from here we can see that Canada at this time is made up of? Once a dominion? Arrive? A completely sovereign country? Only one step away.

In World War II, Canada joined the anti-fascist camp. During the war, although Canada's population was less than10 million, it mobilized millions of people to participate in the war.

Some of these people are in Asia? Fight? For example, he took part in the battle to defend Hong Kong, or set up a rescue association in China, among which Bethune was one of the representatives. Others joined the European battlefield, helped the anti-fascist alliance to deal with German fascism, and even provided funds and armaments to Britain and its anti-fascist alliance.

This makes Canada's international status gradually rise. Since then, Canada has actively participated in various forms of diplomatic cooperation, such as joining NATO and establishing diplomatic relations with China, which made the world realize that it is a completely sovereign country.

1982, Britain passed the Canadian Constitution Act. Since then, Canada has gained the power to legislate and amend the constitution, and has really separated from Britain. From then on, Canada has nothing to do with it, but equal cooperation between countries, not the previous subordinate relationship.

In fact, when we look at Canada's war of independence, we always blame Canada's independence on the British colonial autonomy system, because Britain gave Canada enough power, which led to its gradual growth and eventually separation from Britain.

But what I want to say here is not to look at the problem too one-sidedly, but also to see why Britain implemented such a system at that time. Isn't it because of Canada's pressure that Britain is forced to compromise and gradually decentralize?

Obviously, the British compromise has the struggle of Canada in it. Therefore, Canada's road to independence is far from as easy as we thought.

From 18 12 to 1982, 170 years, Canadians have been trying to form a sovereign state. During this period, there were many hot wars, such as fighting against the United States, uprising against Britain, participating in World War I and World War II for international status; Of course, in addition to the hot war, there is a long-term game cold war with the suzerain Britain to gradually gain power.

It can be seen that in fact, Canada's independence has also shed a lot of blood in the long-term alternating cold war and hot war. And this once again confirms a truth? Independent? Nothing is bloodless, only more or less different.