The overall distribution of overseas Chinese in China ... the overall distribution of overseas Chinese in the world.

There are nearly 30 million overseas Chinese in Guangdong and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, including about 20 million overseas Chinese, 6 million compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao and 4 million compatriots from Taiwan Province. Covering more than 0/00 countries and regions in the world/kloc.

Distribution by region

Guangzhou 1.35 million? More than 700,000 in Zhongshan? More than 3.6 million in Jiangmen? Foshan 1.3 million? Shunde

More than 400,000? More than 200,000 in Dongguan? Shantou 2 1.6 million? Meizhou 2.9 million? Shanwei 1.3 million? Chaozhou has more than 2.3 million? Maoming has more than 50 thousand yuan.

Distribution by language family

Cantonese are hometown of overseas Chinese: the main hometown of overseas Chinese is concentrated in the Pearl River Delta. 665438+more than 700,000 returned overseas Chinese and their relatives; Chaozhou hometown of overseas Chinese: Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shanwei are counties (cities), with about 5.8 million returned overseas Chinese and their relatives; Hakka hometown of overseas Chinese: mainly in counties (cities) under the jurisdiction of Meizhou and Heyuan City, Shenzhen, Huizhou and Dongjiang River Valley, there are 4.29 million returned overseas Chinese and their relatives.

Distribution by world

Asia: about158,000, including148,000 in Southeast Asia, mainly distributed in Thailand and Malaysia.

Indonesia, Singapore, Cambodia, Philippines, Vietnam and other countries in Asia; Europe: About 500,000, mainly

Should be distributed in France, Germany, Britain, the Netherlands and other countries; North America: about 2 million, mainly distributed in the United States.

China, Canada; South America: About 500,000, mainly distributed in Brazil, Argentina and Central America.

Country; Oceania: about 300,000, mainly distributed in Australia and New Zealand; Africa: about 4.5

Ten thousand, mainly distributed in South Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius and other countries.

Fujian is located in the southeast of the motherland, on the coast of the East China Sea. Its land area is between 23 degrees 30 minutes north latitude and 28 degrees 22 minutes east longitude 1 15 degrees 50 minutes to 120 degrees 40 minutes. It is separated from Taiwan Province Strait in the east, across the sea from Taiwan Province Province, adjacent to Zhejiang Province in the northeast, Jiangxi Province in the northwest and Guangdong Province in the southwest. Fujian belongs to East China. Fujian is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese in China, with10.88 million Fujian Chinese living all over the world. Fujian has a long history and the closest relationship with Taiwan Province Province, and 80% of Taiwan Province compatriots are from Fujian. Fujian is located in the transportation hub of China's East China Sea and South China Sea, and it is one of the closest provinces in China to Southeast Asia, West Asia, East Africa and Oceania.

General situation of overseas Chinese in the world

The migration of China people can be traced back to ancient times more than 2,000 years ago. As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, China had the "Silk Road" leading to the western regions. Ships sailed to Japan, and some of them lived in other places. Only in the Tang Dynasty, more China people settled abroad, which can be regarded as the beginning of the history of overseas Chinese. Looking at the history of China people emigrating overseas for more than 1300 years, it can be roughly divided into four periods: the first period, from the Tang Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty (6 18- 1270), was a period when overseas Chinese gradually appeared. During this period, China's feudal commodity economy was quite developed, but Southeast Asia was still relatively backward, so many Chinese businessmen went to Southeast Asia to engage in trade. Some of them settled down locally and became the first generation of overseas Chinese. Most overseas Chinese students in this period lived in Indonesia today. Singapore. Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines and other countries, the number is about 65438+ 10,000. The second period, from Yuan Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty (127 1- 1840), was a period when overseas Chinese went abroad in large numbers and their social and economic foundation in the host country was gradually established. During this period, the opening of the maritime ban in Ming Dynasty promoted the further development of overseas trade. Some parts of Southeast Asia have become colonies or trade relay areas of western countries, and are in urgent need of cheap labor and handicrafts from China, thus attracting more Chinese businessmen and bankrupt farmers, fishermen and craftsmen to go abroad. In addition, Zheng He, the great supervisor of the Ming Dynasty, led a fleet of more than 20,000 people to visit more than 30 countries and regions in Asia and Africa, which enhanced the friendship between China and Asian and African countries and created better conditions for China people to go abroad for business and immigration. During this period, from Japan and Korea in the east, to the east coast of India in the west, to the upper reaches of Irrawaddy River in Myanmar in the north, and to Indonesia in the south, overseas Chinese can be seen almost everywhere, with a population of more than 6,543,800. The third period, from the Opium War to the eve of liberation (184 1- 1949). It is the climax of large-scale immigration of overseas Chinese. During this period, the number, scale, distribution and experience of overseas Chinese going abroad were unprecedented. The reason is nothing more than domestic and foreign. At home, because of political darkness, constant wars and economic bankruptcy, people are in dire straits and are eager to find a way out. In foreign countries, there is an urgent need for a large number of cheap labor because of the crazy economic plunder and development of imperialism to the colonies. As a result, batches of "contract Chinese laborers" (commonly known as "piglets") were sold abroad, which became the main way for China immigrants in this period. This kind of trafficking started at the end of 18. 65438+ reached its climax in mid-2009 and began to decline in the early 20th century. In the past 65,438+000 years, about 7 million people in China were trafficked all over the world, thus laying the foundation for overseas Chinese to spread all over the world today. The number of overseas Chinese in this period has reached120,000. The fourth period, from the establishment of 1949 People's Republic of China (PRC) to the 1990s. During this period, the history of overseas Chinese going abroad in large numbers basically ended. However, due to the economic differences between the East and the West and the adjustment of immigration policies in the United States, Canada, Australia and other countries, many China people still emigrate by reuniting with their relatives and studying abroad. Many residents of Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and Macau have also emigrated. During this period, with the economic development and natural population growth of overseas Chinese, the number of overseas Chinese also increased sharply, with an estimated 30 million. 90% of them have been naturalized, and there are only about 3 million overseas Chinese. Overseas Chinese are widely distributed in five continents1more than 60 countries and regions. Except for a few inland countries and remote island areas, there are traces of China people all over the world. From the distribution of continents, there are 2 1.25 million people in Asia, accounting for 83.7%; 2.45 million people in the United States, accounting for 9.9%; There are 6.5438+0.25 million people in Europe, accounting for 4.9%; 320,000 people in Oceania, accounting for1.2%; There are 90,000 people in Africa, accounting for 0.3%. By country and region, 85. 5% of overseas Chinese are concentrated in Southeast Asia, with 6,543,805,740 people in Indonesia (6 million), Thailand (4.65 million) and Malaysia (5.09 million) alone, accounting for more than 60% of the total number of overseas Chinese in the world. At present, there are more than 1 10,000 overseas Chinese living in Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia. Singapore, Philippines. 6 countries including the United States; There are more than 654.38 million overseas Chinese living in Vietnam, Myanmar and Cambodia. India, Japan, Britain, France, CIS, Canada, Brazil, Australia and other countries 1 1; There are more than 654.38 million overseas Chinese living in Brunei, Laos, North Korea, South Korea, Nepal, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Mauritius, Reunion, Madagascar, South Africa, Mexico, Panama, Guatemala, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Dominica, Peru and Trinidad and Tobago. There are more than 1000 overseas Chinese living in 26 countries and regions, and the number is less than 1000. There are 100 overseas Chinese living in 29 countries and regions. The above *** 104 countries and regions. The total number of overseas Chinese in more than 50 other countries and regions does not exceed 2,000, ranging from dozens to 35. According to the origin of overseas Chinese, Guangdong nationality accounts for 54%, Fujian nationality accounts for 25%, Hainan nationality accounts for 6%, and other provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions account for 15% (mainly Taiwan Province, Guangxi, Shandong, Xinjiang and Yunnan). In Southeast Asia, the ratio of Guangdong, Fujian and other provinces and cities is 5: 3: 2; Outside Asia, Cantonese accounts for the vast majority. If divided by dialects, people who use Minnan dialect (Quanzhou), Guangfu dialect (Guangzhou), Chaozhou dialect and Hakka dialect. About 80% of the total number of overseas Chinese. More than 5 million people use the first three dialects, and about 3 million people use the latter.

Overseas Chinese in Asia As early as 2,000 years ago, China people settled in Southeast Asia. The number of people increased greatly during the Tang and Song Dynasties. By the middle of Ming Dynasty, there were thousands of Biqiao settlements in Southeast Asia. At present, overseas Chinese living in Asian countries (excluding China) account for about 83.7% of the total overseas Chinese in the world. Its specific distribution is roughly as follows: Indonesia, 6 million; Thailand, 4.65 million; Malaysia, 5.09 million; Singapore, 2 million; Philippines, 165438+ million; Vietnam, 960,000; Myanmar, 7 1 10,000; Cambodia, 300,000; Japan, 1.3 million; India, 1 1 ten thousand; Saudi Arabia, 40,000; Nepal, 20 thousand. There are six countries in the world with more than 1 10,000 overseas Chinese, five of which are in Asia except the United States. Overseas Chinese in Asian countries are divided by their ancestral home: Guangdong accounts for about 49%, Fujian accounts for 35%, Hainan accounts for 6%, and other provinces (Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan Province, etc. ) accounts for 10%. Thailand, Cambodia and Guangdong account for the vast majority; In the Philippines, Fujian people account for an absolute majority; In Vietnam, Guangdong nationality accounts for 70%; In Malaysia, Guangdong women account for 58%; In Brunei, Fujian nationality accounts for 60%; In Myanmar, Fujian nationality accounts for 50% and Guangdong nationality accounts for 30%; In Indonesia and Singapore, Fujian and Guangdong are roughly equally divided. Most overseas Chinese in Asian countries live in cities, which is related to the formation of cities and the economic activities of overseas Chinese. In Asia, especially in Southeast Asia, cities where overseas Chinese account for half of the total number of residents abound. Such as Singapore, Penang, Shiwu, Sandakan, Bliyang and Penang, overseas Chinese account for more than 3/4; In Kuala Lumpur, Malacca, Ipoh, Anshun, Kuching, Bayanbi, Huanghuai, Phuket, Dongli and other cities, Biqiao Chinese also account for more than half. For a long time, overseas Chinese in Asian countries have been friendly with the people of the host countries, and they have also had troubles with each other. After several generations of efforts, it has made due contributions to local development, prosperity and independence. It also laid a certain foundation for its social and economic status. Previously, the vast majority of overseas Chinese were poor farmers, fishermen and small-scale craftsmen from China. They have neither funds nor professional skills, and can only engage in small traders, shop assistants, laundry, planting, fishing, part-time jobs and other occupations. After World War II, 90% of overseas Chinese became local citizens. China's economy has become a part of the local economy and has a relatively relaxed external environment. In addition, their second and third generations generally received a good education, easily accepted new scientific and technological knowledge, and had a broader ideological realm. They got rid of the shackles of traditional occupations and entered the fields of enterprise management, finance, science and technology, education, medicine, law, real estate, architectural design and so on. Moreover, with the development of international economy and local economy, China's economy has also undergone profound changes, and some powerful large enterprise groups have emerged, some of which are quite prestigious internationally. For example, our group, Guo family, Philippine family, Wilmar Group in Kwek Hong Png, Pangu Bank in Chin Sophonpanich, Thailand and so on.

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