Which provinces in China have more serious AIDS? Thank you, and God bless you.

Since 1998, epidemic situation has been reported in 3/kloc-0 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government). By the end of 2003, 48% of counties in China had reported HIV-infected people or patients. (1) The epidemic situation of AIDS varies greatly from region to region, and the number of epidemic reports varies greatly from province to province. As of September, 2004, the number of reported epidemic situations in Henan Province exceeded 20,000, that in Yunnan Province exceeded 1 10,000, and that in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai and Tibet was lower than 1 10,000. The infection rates of drug addicts, female sex workers and paid blood donors in different regions are also quite different. The infection rate of drug users in parts of Xinjiang, Yunnan, Sichuan and other provinces (autonomous regions) exceeds 50%. The infection rate of drug users in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning and other provinces (autonomous regions) is less than 5%. The infection rate of female sex workers in most areas is below 65438 0%, and the infection rate of female sex workers in some areas of Yunnan, Chongqing, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan and other provinces (autonomous regions) exceeds 65438 0%. In some areas of Henan, Hubei and other provinces, the HIV infection rate of paid blood donors in the past exceeded 30%, and in most areas of Hunan, Heilongjiang, Guangxi and other provinces (autonomous regions), the infection rate of this population was less than 5%. Drug abuse and sexually transmitted infections exist in all provinces. (2) The AIDS epidemic continues to show an upward trend. In recent years, the number of epidemic reports has increased significantly, which on the one hand reflects the increase of epidemic situation, and on the other hand, the number of patients and infected people has increased due to the strengthening of monitoring in recent years. Henan, Yunnan and other provinces have carried out HIV infection screening among key groups such as paid blood donors and drug addicts in the past, and found and reported a large number of former infected people. Sentinel monitoring data show that the HIV infection rate among drug users, sex workers and pregnant women is increasing year by year. The infection rate of drug addicts is relatively high, increasing rapidly from 1995 to 1999, and the growth rate has slowed down in recent years. Although the infection rate of female sex workers and pregnant women is low, it shows a slow growth trend. (3) Drug abuse is still the main mode of transmission, but three modes of transmission coexist. According to the national epidemic situation estimate in 2003, drug abuse is still the main mode of transmission, and the proportion of sexual transmission and mother-to-child transmission is on the rise. Although the spread of paid blood collection and blood supply accounted for a large proportion of HIV-infected people and patients in the past, it mainly occurred before 1996. 1. Epidemic Report Up to the end of September, 2004, among the 89,067 HIV-infected cases reported nationwide, drug users accounted for 4 1.3%, former paid blood donors accounted for 3 1. 1%, heterosexual transmission population accounted for 7.9%, and gay men accounted for 0.2%. 2. The population distribution of HIV-infected people in 2003 is estimated. It is estimated that among the existing HIV-infected people in China, injecting drug users account for 43.9%, paid blood donors account for 24. 1%, heterosexual transmission accounts for 19.8% (including 4% sex workers and 2. 1% male outpatients). (iv) The incidence and mortality of AIDS continue to rise. The evaluation report in 2003 pointed out that since 20001year, the incidence of AIDS has shown a rapid upward trend, and some provinces have seen the phenomenon of concentrated incidence and death of AIDS. In 2004, the incidence and mortality of AIDS continued to rise. From June 65438 to June 2004, the number of patients reported was 780 1, which was more than the number of patients reported in 2003 (6 120), indicating that the number of patients in 2004 may be twice that in 2003. According to the average incubation period of AIDS, a large number of infected people have reached the onset period in areas where AIDS is prevalent earlier. (5) The spread of AIDS from high-risk groups to the general population continues. Monitoring data show that China's AIDS epidemic is spreading from high-risk groups such as drug abuse and prostitution to the general population. In 2003, the data of national epidemic survey, sentinel survey and epidemic survey in some provinces showed that the HIV infection rate of pregnant women, premarital examination and clinically irrelevant (anonymous) testing people in some areas had reached a high level, and the infection rate of premarital examination people in some areas exceeded 65,438 0%, and the HIV infection rate of pregnant women reached 5%, which was similar to that of pregnant women in neighboring countries with high prevalence. The proportion of mother-to-child transmission in the national epidemic report has increased year by year. (VI) The proportion of female infected persons has increased among the reported HIV infected persons, and the proportion of female infected persons has increased obviously in recent years (table 1), mainly due to two reasons: first, the number of infected and found prostitutes has increased, and second, Henan and other provinces have strengthened AIDS monitoring of paid blood donors in recent years, and more female infected persons have been reported. With the increase in the number of reported female infected persons, the risk of mother-to-child transmission is also increasing. Table 1. Proportion of women reporting HIV infection (1998-2004.9)2000 1999 2006 5438+0 2002 2003 2004 (1-September) Proportion (%) Epidemic situation of different groups (1) Drug users The total infection rate of drug users in sentinel sites in China is 5%-8%. In 2003, there were 36 sentinel sites 13 sentinel sites, and the infection rate was higher than that of the previous year. The infection rate of injecting drug users in Yili, Xinjiang is as high as 89%; The detection rate of some sentinel sites in Yunnan, Guangxi and other provinces (autonomous regions) is above 20%. Since 1995, the infection rate of drug users has been on the rise. Epidemiological survey in 2003 showed that the infection rate of drug users in 16 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) was 7.0%. The proportion of injecting drug users differs greatly from that of injecting drug users who use syringes. The average rate of injecting drug users is 53.8% (the highest is 98.8% and the lowest is 4.0%). The average proportion of intravenous drug users using syringes was 45.0% (the highest was 93. 1% and the lowest was 0.0%). The infected people in this population have successively developed illness and died. (2) Sentinel monitoring and epidemiological data of female sex workers show that the average infection rate of female sex workers in China is 0.5- 1.0%. The national sentinel surveillance in 2004 found that the average HIV infection rate of female sex workers was 1.0%. In 2003, the infection rates of Honghe, Turpan, Dehong and Yili in Yunnan were 6.7%, 4.3%, 4.3% and 3.3% respectively. Since 1995, the infection rate of female sex workers has been rising. The proportion of female sex workers who use condoms every time is slowly rising, but it is still at a low level. According to the survey in 2003, 62. 1% of the respondents used condoms in their latest commercial sex, but the use of condoms varies greatly from place to place (more than 7.8%-90%). The proportion of "never used condoms" was 20.5%, which was lower than that in 2002 (24.5%). The average proportion of "use every time" is 19.3%, which is slightly higher than that in 2002 (16. 1%). Drug abuse is another risk factor for HIV infection among female sex workers. An epidemiological survey in 2003 showed that 1.4% of prostitutes had a history of injecting drug use in the past six months, of which 37.9% had a history of using syringes. The data of sentinel surveillance in 2004 showed that among the HIV-positive female sex workers detected at sentinel sites in Guangxi, Hunan, Chongqing and other provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government), 25%- 100% had a history of injecting drugs. (3) As of September 2004, 30 provinces (autonomous regions) except Xizang Autonomous Region reported 65,438+0 infected people. The epidemiological survey in 2003 showed that the overall detection rate of HIV in 30 regions of 14 provinces (autonomous regions) was 2.7%, but there were great differences among regions. The detection rate was 33.7% in Suizhou, Hubei, 8.9% in Heze, Shandong and 5.8% in Jilin. The detection rate in other places is low. Previous surveys showed that the infection rate in some areas of Henan exceeded 40%. Because most of the infected people in this population were infected between 1992 and 1996, about 50% of the infected people have reached the onset stage. Lack of data on gay men. Survey data show that the HIV infection rate among gay men in Beijing, Harbin, Guangzhou and Shenyang is above 1%. In 2003, the national epidemic survey found that the proportion of homosexual men who have anal sex never used condoms in the past six months, such as Changde's 42.9% and Xi 'an's 38.5%. The population has a certain level of infection, high-risk behaviors and a large population size, so the risk of AIDS epidemic can not be ignored. (5) The general population has reached a certain level of HIV infection in areas where AIDS epidemic is earlier and more serious. In 2003, 8 out of 8 maternity clinics in China/KLOC-0 were HIV positive. Positive women were found in outpatient posts in Kashgar, Henan, Shangcai, Suizhou, Hubei, Shangshui, Henan and Aksu, Xinjiang, with infection rates of 5.3%, 2.4%, 0.5%, 0.4% and 0.3% respectively. In 2003, the national epidemiological survey carried out patient-independent (anonymous) testing in general hospitals in 2 1 regions of 13 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), and HIV antibody was detected in 9 regions of 7 provinces, with the infection rate below 1%. The infection status of blood transfusion population deserves attention. In the areas with serious paid blood collection and supply in the mid-1990s of1968+/kloc-0, previous cases of transfusion infection were found and reported in 2004. Cases of AIDS infection caused by self-collection and self-blood supply have been reported in some areas. Three. National epidemic situation estimation According to the epidemic characteristics of AIDS in China, using the data of AIDS case report, sentinel surveillance, behavior monitoring and epidemiological investigation, and applying the AIDS epidemic situation estimation method recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNAIDS, the number of HIV-infected people in China is calculated. This method is based on the province/region as a unit, estimating the base number of all kinds of people, using the HIV infection rate of different people in different areas obtained by special investigation to calculate the number of HIV infected people in different people, and then accumulating to get the total number of HIV infected people in the country. ● Distribution of HIV infection in different regions According to estimates, among 3/kloc-0 provinces, there are 7 provinces with an estimated number of HIV infected people above 50,000; There are 15 provinces that exceed100000. The HIV infection rate of the whole population in five provinces is greater than 0.1%; There are 7 provinces with 0.05-0. 1%. ● AIDS epidemic trend According to the current epidemic pattern and trend, China's AIDS epidemic will maintain rapid growth or gradual stability in the future, which depends on whether effective AIDS prevention activities and treatment and care can be carried out on a large scale nationwide. The proportion of transmission through drug abuse and blood collection and supply will decrease; The proportion of sexual transmission will increase. Gay men have a large base, widespread risky behaviors and a certain infection rate, and will become one of the key groups of AIDS epidemic. China Net 65438+February 2004