What ethnic groups are there in Jilin?

Jilin Province Ethnic Minorities Jilin Province is a multi-ethnic border province with 48 ethnic minorities. In 200 1 year, the total population of ethnic minorities was 24636 13, accounting for 9.03% of the total population in the province. Nearly half of the ethnic minorities live in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Changbai Korean Autonomous County, Qianguoerluosi Mongolian Autonomous County and Yitong Manchu Autonomous County. The remaining half of ethnic minorities are scattered in 27 ethnic townships (towns), more than 2,000 villages and various places in the province. The ethnic minorities and the Han people in Jilin Province jointly opened up the territory of Jilin Province and created the history and culture of Jilin Province. The primitive remains of the "Elm Man" as far back as 40,000 to 70,000 years ago show that ancient humans who entered the late Paleolithic lived along the Songhua River. The ruins of the "Antu people" cave 26,000 years ago show that people here have entered the Mesolithic Age. From 5,000 to 6,000 years ago, the ancient humans in Jilin Province have crossed the Neolithic Age after a long time. Primitive humans in Jilin Province gradually formed several different ancient peoples in the long-term reproduction process. Besides the Han nationality, there are mainly three ethnic groups: (1) Sushen nationality. Zhou Zhi was called Sushen in the Western Han Dynasty, Lou in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Buji in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xiongnu in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Nvzhen in the Song Dynasty and Manchu in the late Ming Dynasty. Today, Manchu is its descendant, mainly living in the central and eastern regions; (2) Fuxi and Koguryo of Namin people. Fuyu lives in the northwest and Koguryo is active in the southeast; (3) The Bird Ring, Xianbei, Qidan, Shiwei and other tribes in Donghu. Mainly active in the west, today's Mongolian and Xibo are their descendants. Among the ethnic minorities in the province, Manchu and Korean have a population of 990,000 to 165438+ 10,000; 120,000 to170,000 have Hui and Mongolian people; There are 2000 to 4000 Yi and Xibo people; There are six ethnic groups, including Tujia, Buyi, Uygur, Miao, Tibetan and Zhuang, with 900 to 1700 people. There are about 500 Daur, Dong, Oroqen, Li, Hezhe, Hani, Yao, Bai, Dai, Russian, Ewenki, Kazak, Gelao, Gaoshan, Jino, Qiang, Mulao, Yi, Jingpo and She. The total population of Korean, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Xibo ethnic minorities is 24396 14, accounting for 99.03% of the total population of ethnic minorities in the province. The population of the other 43 ethnic minorities is 23,999, accounting for only 0.97% of the total population of ethnic minorities in the province. Korean ancestors in Jilin Province moved in from the Korean Peninsula, with a history of more than 100 years. Jilin Province faces North Korea across Tumen River and Yalu River. Since the17th century, more and more Koreans have crossed the border to farm privately. /kloc-After the middle of the 0/9th century, North Korea suffered from famine year after year, and the people were in dire straits. At the same time, the Qing government abolished the border ban and implemented the policy of "emigrating to the real border", and a large number of poor Koreans moved to Jilin Province to make a living. At the beginning of 20th century, Japan invaded Korea. After 1930s, Korean pioneers moved to Yanbian, Tonghua and Jilin. Jilin Province is the main inhabited area of Korean people in China, and 62.6% of Korean people in China live in Jilin Province. Korean is the most populous minority in Jilin Province. According to the statistics of the third national census in 1982, there are110,402 Koreans in Jilin province, accounting for 4.89% of the total population. Mainly living in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Changbai Korean Autonomous County and Jilin, Yongji, Panshi, Lan Shu, Meihekou, Jiaohe, Liuhe, Huinan, Ji 'an, Tonghua, Jiutai Changchun and other cities and counties. In 2000, the population of Korean in Jilin Province was 65,438+065,438+045,688, which were distributed all over Jilin Province. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and Changbai Korean Autonomous County were successively established in Jilin Province. In other areas, there are 7 Korean townships (towns) and 5 ethnic townships built by Manchu. Korean people have their own language, and the language family has not yet been determined; Love to wear simple white clothes, known as the "white nation"; Its residential area is famous as "the hometown of singing and dancing" and "the hometown of football". There are folk festivals such as Yuanri, Cold Food Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, and Old People's Day. Celebrations include "9? 3 "anniversary of the establishment of autonomous prefecture", etc. Manchu Jilin Province has been a place where Manchu ancestors thrived since ancient times. History of manchu has a long history. As early as 4,000 years ago, the Dongyi people in Jilin Province joined the tribal alliance in Yao Shunyu. After the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the economic and cultural exchanges between Jilin and the people of the Central Plains became closer. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Xuantu County moved to Ji 'an in the west in BC 108, and there were Goguryeo, Shangyintai (near Jilin City) and Xigaima County (east of Yalu River) in the territory. Fuyu country, centered on the present Nong 'an, was established in the north of Xuantu, and occupied the central and western parts of Jilin Province in 49 AD, belonging to the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the beginning of the first century BC, a branch of Fuyu was separated from the East, and a minion Fuyu was established at the southern foot of Changbai Mountain, which was later called Koguryo. Later, its capital moved from Ge Sheng Gucheng (Wunvshan City near Huanren) to the domestic city, which is now Ji 'an. Su Shen's hometown is the Yilou tribe in the east and the recumbent tribe in the southeast of Jilin. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Tiba Xianbei established the Northern Wei regime, and some Xianbei people were still active in western and central Jilin. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, when Koguryo opened up the land king, he fought with Xianbei in the gap of the Central Plains, occupying most areas east of Liaohe River and south of the second Songhua River. After the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Su Shen tribes living in the forests of Changbai Mountain became more and more powerful, and their influence reached the west. Koguryo was unlucky in the Sui Dynasty, and it was destroyed in 668 AD in the Tang Dynasty. In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, Buji descendants who migrated to western Liaoning returned to their hometown. In 698 AD, they established an earthquake country in Aodong, southeast of Dunhua. In 7 13 AD, it was changed to Bohai, which governed a vast area from An Deyu in North Korea to the north of Songhua River, to the Sea of Japan in the east and to the border of Inner Mongolia in the west. Over the past 200 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, it has created brilliant economy and culture, and is known as "Haidong Guo Sheng". After the decline of the Tang Dynasty, the Khitan nationality, which occupied the upper reaches of the West Liaohe River, rose and established the Khitan Kingdom. In 925, the Bohai Kingdom perished, and the northeast was unified and renamed Liao. The ancient cities of Jilin, such as An, Huaide Qinjiatun, Siping Yishan, Fuyu Burton, Guoqianta Lake City, Tao An Dongcheng Sijiazi and Linjiang, are all under the jurisdiction of Liao State. At the end of A.D. 10, the descendants of the Nuzhen Wanyan Department unified the Nuzhen departments from Songhua River in the west, Wusuli River in the east and eastern Jilin in the south. In A.D.114, Akuta led a group of elite soldiers from all parts of Jurchen to revolt in the Weishui River (now Lalin River) in Xujiadian Township, Fuyu County. The State of Jin was established the following year, and Liao was destroyed in A.D. 1 125. All parts of Jilin were ruled by the Jin Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians living in Wonan River (now Ergon River) became more and more powerful at the beginning of13rd century.