Building Hankou without evil and town

From the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty (1488 ~ 1505) to the beginning of Zhengde (1506 ~ 152 1), Huangpi people built Huangpi Street in Hankou, which integrated commerce, folk arts and crafts and regional culture ("Ming Dynasty"

At the peak of Huangpi Street, there were eight banks (Xu Huandou: Hankou Xiaozhi, Hubei Archives, 2007. 12), namely Salt Bank, Tea Bank, Medicinal Materials Bank, Grocery Bank, Oil Bank, Grain Bank, Cotton Bank and Cowhide Bank. The general street business is retail, but Huangpi Street can be wholesale and flexible. With the passage of time, Huangpi people have also created a number of time-honored brands that people are still familiar with: Cao Zhengxing kitchen knife, Gao Hongtai gong, Bai Haiji cheongsam, Regan Noodles, jiaozi and Huangpi ... Among them, Gao Hongtai gong is also known as "Gong Jing, Feng Gong and Su Gong" in China. On April 1 day, 2007, Gao Hongtai's gong-making skills were announced by Hubei Provincial Department of Culture as the first batch of intangible cultural heritage in Hubei Province.

19 16, after Li Huangpi became president, he urged Huangpi dialect to run for Mandarin. Although it was once an anecdote, it was well founded. Because Huangpi dialect belongs to Chu language family, from the linguistic point of view, many Huangpi dialects have some similarities with many words and sentences appearing in Chu ci, as well as the corresponding initials, finals, tones, vocabulary and grammar. Moreover, its language charm, which is widely spread in Huguang area and promoted by Huangpi people all over the world through Huang Xiao's ancient paintings and Huangpi's ancient books, is operable.

Huangpi people will also bring the textile industry, which is well-known at home and abroad, into Hankou to operate. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the traditional industry of tribute Huangpi Gebu in Ming Dynasty was further developed. In the second year of Wanli (1574), the poem "Song of Huangpi" written by Shaoxing Jinshi, Ministry of War Shangshu and poet Tao said: "Chu people are not hemp, men choose women to weave, and Huangpi weaving is superior. It is smooth and flat, and its eyes are not inclined. Bright as white ramie, light as yarn, and praised by the palace. " (Yao, Qing Dynasty: Yuan Ming Note, Volume 24, Yimen, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1993) Built at the socks store in Daguojia Lane, Hankou during the Qianlong period, it is the meeting place of Huangpi socks industry and one of the earliest handicraft guild organizations in China (Gao Chunqi: the origin of the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce, laojunmiao rebuilt during the Xianfeng period, is the office of Huangpi Dai Yan Gang, located in Guang. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were nearly 200 gangs in Hankou.

During the Republic of China, Huangpi people opened grain shops, Fuxin flour mills, shoes and hats shops in Unify Street, Huangpi Hotel and cowhide shops in Wenxian Lane, fur shops in Nanjing Road and secondhand goods streets in Qingfen Road. Today, there are a large number of descendants of Huangpi in Jiang 'an District and Jianghan District of Wuhan City, among which Chenjiaji and Daijiashan were under the jurisdiction of Huangpi before the 1950s. The open natural environment, long-standing civilization accumulation and convenient location advantages enable Huangpi businessmen to leave Hong Kong by boat and go to all parts of the country through exchanges and cooperation with businessmen from all over the world. From the middle Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, there were 40,000 immigrants in this county. That is, the population in the county decreased from 65,438+05,660 in the twenty-first year of Jiajing (65,438+0542) to 65,438+0667 in the fifth year of Qing Kangxi (Huangpi County Records in the fifth year of Qing Kangxi).

First of all, people engaged in the shipping industry use ships to go up to Chaotianmen in Chongqing and down to Shanghai Wharf. Over time, most of the dock workers of Huangpi nationality settled in Pudong and Shancheng. Successful businessmen have a foothold in Shanghai Shili Foreign Firm.

After the Taiping Rebellion broke out, businessmen in the south of the Yangtze River were forced to take refuge in the Shanghai Concession. Foreign real estate agents took the opportunity to build a large number of Shikumen houses (houses are built with traditional wooden structures and brick walls, and the outer doors are made of stone, hence the name). To this end, savvy Huangpi merchants organized Huangpi craftsmen to participate in the construction of Shikumen dwellings combining Chinese and Western styles, and a group of Huangpi people settled here. So, later, this street in Shikumen, downtown Shanghai (Luwan District), was named Huangpi Road. In contemporary times, the name "Huangpi" is even more famous because the site of the first National Congress of China is located in today's Huangpi South Road.

At the same time, Huangpi merchants also set up business in the Yangtze River and Hanshui River Basin. Not only in Chengdu, Xiangyang, Huangzhou, Macheng, Jiujiang, Jingdezhen, Nanjing, Hangzhou and other places, there are offices, guilds or fellow villagers' associations, and their shop industries are widely distributed. For example, there is a dried salted duck chain store opened by Huangpi people in Xiaguan, Nanjing, a fur shop opened by Huangpi people on the cobblestone road in Wuhu, and a workshop opened by Huangpi people outside Daximen, Anqing: nailing scales and making sacks. Almost the whole street belongs to Huangpi people.

Huangpi has a prosperous population, and when the Ming and Qing governments carried out the immigration policy of "Huguang filling Sichuan", Huangpi was also the focus. During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, the annals of Xinning County, Sichuan Province said: "There are many Chu people in the city, each in his county, and each has its own gods. Their ancestral homes are bounded by temples, so they are built relatively." Lan Yong, a professor at Southwest University, said that immigrants from many counties in Hubei have a large number of independent halls. The most common one is the Imperial Palace built by Huangzhou people in Huguang, also known as Huangzhou Hall. There are also Shiyang (Shiyang County in the Three Kingdoms Period) Guild Hall, and Huangpi People's Guild Hall in Chengdu and Xufu, Hubei (Lan Yong: Southwest Historical and Cultural Geography, Southwest Normal University Press, 200 1).

Third, after the completion of the Beijing-Han Railway and the Guangdong-Han Railway, Huangpi people continued to expand the scope of "no town and no evil" to the north and south of the great river and the Yellow River basin. With more and more local Huangpi people, Huangpi Guild Hall has become a link between Huangpi people. For example, the Huangpi Guild Hall in Beijing is located along the Panjiahe River outside Xuanwu Gate.

Huangpi people are homesick abroad, so they commemorate Huangpi as a place name: Huangpiqiao Township, Shaodong County, Shaoyang City, Hunan Province; Ningdu County, Jiangxi Province; Yihuang County, Fuzhou City; Xingning city and Meizhou; Yingde city, Qingyuan City; Huangpi Town or Huangpi Township; Guangzhou Huangpi Agriculture, Industry and Commerce Company; Huangpi Community Neighborhood Committee of Lianhe Street, Luogang District, Guangzhou Development Zone; Boluo County, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, and Huangpi Village, Changting County, Fujian Province; And Huangpi Lake in Lujiang County, Anhui Province. In the imperial examination era, the number of juren and Jinshi in Huang Bei was second to none in Hubei. According to the book records of inscriptions by scholars in Ming and Qing Dynasties, during the 540 years of Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 30 people in counties all over the country, while Huangpi had 865,438+0 people. For example, Pei Zongfan and Pei ranked second in the late Ming Dynasty, Zeng Daguan, Liu and Jin ranked third in the Qing Dynasty, and "father and son are of the same clan": Fan Shi and Fan Xiren. These officials who achieved fame were sent by the imperial court to all parts of the country as officials, and their descendants and relatives and friends were therefore distributed all over the country, and the reputation of "no evil, no town, no village" was also circulated everywhere.

By the Qing Dynasty, the descendants of the "two golds" (Jinshi Jin Guangjie and Jinshi second gold) were all over the world. Kim studied at the Japanese NCO School. After returning home, he participated in the Revolution of 1911. He used to be the staff of Huang Xing and Duan Zhiquan, the chairman of Li Huangpi and the minister of the army. He settled in Japan in his later years. His descendants are many county magistrates and Daoyin directors. Jin Weixin returned to China after obtaining a degree in economics from Harvard University in the United States, and successively served as "Tax Commissioner of the Ministry of Finance" and "Director of the Central Trust" in Taiwan Province Province. Jin is Jin's grandson and once served as the director of Taiwan Province CITIC Bureau. Zhou Hengqi, a native of Renzi Cohen, Xianfeng, Qing Dynasty, served as political envoy of Zhili, governor of Shandong and governor of grain transportation. His descendants are distributed in Hubei, Shanghai, Sichuan, Northeast China, Taiwan Province Strait and the other side of the ocean. Fan Xiren, Fan Shenxi and Fan Xiji, descendants of Fan Shi, a scholar of the Reform Movement of 1898 in the late Qing Dynasty, returned to China after studying in Japan, and later served as members of parliament, naval captains and army commanders of the Republic of China, respectively, and were called "Fan Sanjie"

Li, the president of the Republic of China, went to Beitang with his father and had the opportunity to study at Beiyang Naval Academy. Later, he was promoted by Zhang Zhidong because he was born in the navy. During his tenure as leader of the Qing army, commander-in-chief of Shouyi and president, a group of Huangpi people or Hubei villagers gathered around him. Li vigorously set up industry in his later years, with a huge scale. It has invested in nearly 70 financial industrial enterprises such as banks, factories and mines, with a total investment of more than 3 million silver dollars, and formed a series. For example, his investments in the financial industry include 20 banks, 5 securities and 2 insurances. In industry, he invested in 8 coal mines, 8 minerals, 3 forests, 6 textiles, 5 flour and food. It also includes transportation, paper making, trade, municipal administration, culture and education. The investment area covers Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hubei, Shandong, Henan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hebei, Northeast China and Hong Kong 14 provinces and cities. At present, Li's descendants have settled in Shanghai, Tianjin, the United States and Canada.

1949 When the Kuomintang defeated Taiwan Province Province, there were hundreds of Huangpi people who worked in the "five houses" of the National Government (the Executive Yuan, the Legislative Yuan, the Supervisory Yuan, the Judicial Court and the Examinations Institute) and those who held positions above Major General in the army, and 80,000 people led their relatives to Taiwan, many of whom lived in Hong Kong and Macao. Most of them went to the United States or Europe to study in Mesozoic, and most of them worked hard in Europe and America after their studies. Of the eight Mesozoic families of Tian Changlin's brother and sister who went to Taiwan Province that year, six lived in the United States, 65,438 +0 lived in Canada and 65,438 +0 lived in Taiwan Province.

In the 20th century, Tian Changlin became the first Chinese-American and Asian-American university president and the first Asian-American National Science Council member. Hu was the "first person to break the ice in the Strait", Cai was the first Chinese lifelong professional singer in Ruidian Royal Opera House, and Cai Hongsheng broke into the world mathematics kingdom. In the 2nd/Kloc-0th century, Wan became the first foreign "decorated knight" in Italy. Moreover, in the United States, Europe, Taipei, Kaohsiung and other places, there are Huangpi Associations. 1996 10, when Tian Changlin returned to his hometown, he said to the author: In the past, Huangpi people went out to explore the world because they were poor, and won the reputation of "doing all kinds of evil, having no villages and towns"; Today's Huangpi people are prepared for danger in times of peace and tenacious struggle, making "no evil, no town" famous at home and abroad.

After the reform and opening up, with the resumption of the college entrance examination system and the upsurge of studying abroad, thousands of students take root all over the country or overseas every year, continuing the legend of "nothing happens". There are Huangpi Association or Huangpi Chamber of Commerce in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou and Wuhan. Even the Shannan region of Tibet has a Huangpi Road.

Judging from the distribution area of Huangpi nationality, Huangpi nationality covers more than 30 countries and regions in the world. According to statistics, the total number of Huangpi people in the world is about 4 million. That is, Huangpi is 6.5438+0.3 million (actually 6.5438+0.65438+0.3 million), Wuhan downtown is 6.5438+0.00 million, Chinese mainland is 6.5438+0.00 million, and Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and overseas are 6.5438+0.00 million. "Do no evil" has become a cultural phenomenon of concern at home and abroad. Huangpi has a long history, ancient culture goes back to ancient times and talented people come forth in large numbers. It not only has a strong Jianghan color, but also breeds a strong and profound local culture with local characteristics.

Cultural creation on both sides of Huangpi should reflect its regional culture and folk customs, so that future generations can understand the past Huangpi. Salix willows were planted in Qianchuan, and the spacing between plants was 15m, 1. Due to the rapid growth of willows and large crowns, other scenery will be covered. At the same time, flowers of the four seasons are widely planted among the trees, so as to reflect the artistic conception of "clouds talk about the wind rising in the afternoon, flowers accompany the willows crossing the river" in Cheng Hao's Poems of the Song Dynasty, and let visitors see the scenery and think about poems.

"No town and no evil", where there is a town, there is Huangpi Langer. Huangpi people have created a number of "time-honored brands" that are still familiar to people today. So I suggest that among the big willows, the following celebrities of Huang Bei should be sculpted.

1, Gao Hongtai Luo: Grandfather warned 22,000 gold. It is suggested that an old man with presbyopic glasses should be shaped, with a gong in his hand and a gong hammer in his right hand to test the quality of the gong. 2. Cai Regan Noodles: If you don't eat Regan Noodles early in Wuhan, you have never been to Wuhan. Suggest a middle-aged man wearing an apron and a felt hat, holding a bamboo stove cap in his hand and putting noodles in a bowl. 3, Cao Zhengxing kitchen knife: durable, good steel fire, famous in three towns of Wuhan, every household uses his knife. It is suggested to shape an old man with a coarse towel around his neck, shirtless upper body, big underpants and a pair of sandals, swinging a hammer and holding a knife. There is a stove, a tool to strike while the iron is hot, and a big wooden bellows. The back of the knife is engraved with the word Cao Zhengxing (the city is not a legacy). 4. Baihaiji Cheongsam: the first brand of traditional women's clothing with national characteristics in China. High-necked, upturned waist, wide split, it looks bright and generous on the body, so tourists should look more. It is suggested that the master wear Hanfu with double-breasted openings, hold a tape measure and hold a pencil in his ear. He is solemnly measuring all parts of a beautiful woman (big wavy hair, bright cheongsam). 5, Huangpi Sanxian (fish balls, meatballs, patties): In the imperial examination era, take the auspicious meaning of three yuan (Xie Yuan, Huiyuan, champion). It is suggested that a wooden big case board should be set with a plate of fish balls, meatballs and patties, and an old master is making fish balls in a big earthen basin. 6. Hometown of Huangpi Clay Sculpture: The 500 Luohan statues of Guiyuan Buddhist Temple in Hanyang have different shapes and are lifelike. Wang Yu and his son, craftsmen of Huangpi, spent 12 years shaping them. This is the representative work of Huangpi clay sculpture, which has been able to inherit a group of modern craft sculptors. It is suggested that a Maitreya Buddha (that is, a cloth bag monk, also known as a free and unfettered Buddha) be sculpted with a smile. An old man and a young man, Wang Yu and his son (artisans' costumes in Qing Dynasty) are concentrating on sculpture. 7. Hubei drum town: Huangpi drum or Huangxiaogu, also known as drum storytelling and good storytelling, has become one of the major local schools. Huang Bei's native drummer Li Hefa's "Harvest Field" is famous all over the country. It is suggested that a storyteller in a Chinese tunic suit (Li Hefa can also do it) be created, with a bamboo stand in front of him, a round drum on it and a cloud board in his hand, so as to show the expression of singing and knocking to the general public. 8. Hometown of Chu Opera: Chu Opera originated from the boundary river between Huangpi and Xiaogan (as the saying goes: Huangpi went to Xiaogan-the county passed the county), formerly known as Huangpi Ancient Painting Opera, and later named Chu Opera, which means only Chu Youcai. A generation of Chu opera actors such as Li Baichuan and Jiang (female) emerged in Huangpi. In the 1980s, the drama "Four Visits to Henan" became a household name in three towns of Wuhan, and people rushed to queue up to buy tickets. After reading it, the common people said in succession: It is particularly pleasant to listen to the local accent, enjoy the local rhyme and solve the homesickness. It's really pleasant. It is suggested to shape a big console table with a big seal, a bell and a small mallet. Bao Gong, wearing an embroidered robe, a jade belt around his waist and an official hat, sat in the lobby, with the Dynasty, Mahan, Zhang Long and Zhao Hu standing in the hatchback. Zhao knelt under the lobby, holding a form paper, crying about grievances, so that tourists could immerse themselves in the play. 9. Sports Hometown: The Huangpi District Party Committee and the district government strongly support mass sports activities, and have built gymnasiums, badminton halls, sports squares and martial arts schools. Running, Tai Chi, sword dance, basketball, table tennis and sports dance are blooming everywhere in the morning and evening. Our district has also transported many athletes, such as table tennis, track and field, gymnastics, basketball, rowing and martial arts. , once won the titles of "national athlete" and "national first-class athlete". In particular, Chen Juying (female) won the title of "National Excellent Track and Field Athlete" and "Sportsman". It is suggested to create a group of portraits to highlight Chen Juying's heroic running (photos are available), with a boy and a girl behind him. On the left is an old man practicing Tai Chi, and on the right is a young man dancing with a flying knife, followed by a group of track and field athletes and athletes. There are a group of dancers (6 people), men, women and children, *** 1 1. 10, "Nine Elders and Eighteen Artisans" plastic combination: artists representing "Nine Elders and Eighteen Artisans" embody the fearless spirit of Huangpi people who dare to break into the world, pay heavy burdens, wear red cars and hats, travel all over the country and go global. The plastic group consists of six people, placed in all directions, so that visitors can know at a glance that this is our craftsman of the older generation in Huangpi. (1) Water bearer: I used to drink long river water, Hanshui water and muddy water. It is suggested that the plastic model should wear a hat (cool hat) at one end, a soil towel around its neck, a pair of Chinese fir vats, a wooden sign hanging in the vats (waterproof), leaning on a wooden pole and humming "Flower Drum Opera" in its mouth. (2) Carpenter: The plastic carpenter is holding a saw, stepping on a piece of wood, working on the vest, with tools such as rulers and planers beside him. (3) Masons: Plastic masons with a tile knife in one hand and a clay tablet in the other are uneven, and bare mud is enough to work. (4) Mixer: Sitting on a small stool, chopping bamboo with a machete, as well as ready-made baskets, burnt items and so on. (5) Pot mender: Sitting on a pony clip, holding an iron pot, drilling a hole with a giant drill, next to which are two tool cabinets, a wide pear-wood shoulder pole and a copper hexagonal "castanet" (this is the signboard of pot mending). (6) Flower-playing artists: wearing towels, double-breasted clothes, blue pants, holding a bow and a wooden pestle specially made of beef tendon rope, playing with flowers in the shape of bows and arrows, and having rhythmic music. In addition, it should be noted that the "four business cards" are not mentioned here, because Panlongcheng Ruins Park will be built in Panlong Cultural City, Mulan culture has taken root in Mulan Mountain, "Ercheng" culture has settled in Shuangfengting Park, and Xinhai culture now has Li Square, so it is not appropriate to repeat it on the west bank of the river.