Old Photo Album-Rooted in the Old Stork Nest of Shanxi Sophora japonica

Sophora japonica, located in the north of Hongtong County, on the east bank of Fenhe River and on the west side of Jia Cun, has been enclosed in the ancestral home of Sophora japonica. More than 600 years ago, from the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1370) to the fifteenth year of Yongle (14 17), in the past 50 years, the government immigrated as many as 18 people on a large scale, involving 1230 surnames, with a population of over one million. After more than 600 years of migration and reproduction, there are descendants of China immigrants all over the world. The locust tree in Hongtong County is a witness to the historical facts of immigrants in the Ming Dynasty, and it is also the ancestral home and "root" in the minds of future generations of immigrants.

The gate (south gate) of the pagoda tree roots-seeking ancestral hall is shaped like a pagoda tree, with an east-west span of 20m and a height of13m. It is ancient and vicissitudes, and its unique door directly points out the theme of root-seeking.

The gate, the "root" screen wall, the memorial hall, the ancestral square and the ancestral hall are located on the central axis of the ancestral area from south to north.

The shadow wall of the word "root" is opposite to the gate and is the landmark landscape of the scenic spot. The word "root" in official script was inscribed by Mr. Zhang Ding, the former president of the Academy of Arts and Crafts and a famous painter.

The homologous canal in front of the memorial hall flows from west to east, which means that although the descendants of immigrants are all over the motherland, their roots belong to the locust tree in Hong Tong.

On the homologous canal, there are three stone arch bridges juxtaposed from west to east, named Lianxin Bridge, Hu Aixiang Bridge and Stork Bridge respectively. Hu Aixiang Bridge, Hu Aixiang, homophonic "homesickness" and "homesickness", expressing homesickness and attachment to ancestors. At the stork bridge, a folk song said, "Ask me where my ancestors came from, the locust tree in Hongdong, Shanxi.". What's your ancestral home? Old storks nest under the big locust tree. " The old stork's nest is a complex, a symbol of the hometown where the descendants of immigrants haunt, and a totem of their ancestral home. Lianxinqiao and Hongdong have been rich in lotus roots since ancient times. Lotus is a sacred flower and a gentleman's flower. "Lian Xin" is homophonic, which means that the hometown of Shanxi and the descendants of immigrants will always be heart to heart.

The altar is the place where offerings are placed during the sacrifice, and it is also the main activity place for priests. It is located behind the shadow wall of the word "root" and on the central axis of the ancestor worship activity area, with a building area of 1.250 square meters, five rooms wide and five rooms deep, single-story double eaves, surrounded by corridors, imitating Ming Dynasty architecture. The roof of Cross Xieshan is connected with the imitation stage of Ming Dynasty as a place for folk sacrifice.

The ancestral hall was originally in a pillow kiln behind the stone tablet of "Ancient Sophora Tree", which was dark and narrow. 1998 was converted into a Ming Dynasty-like building, facing south, with a width of1/2 meters and a depth of 55 meters, with a total area of 6 160 square meters. In front of the hall, there is a memorial tablet of 1230 immigrant ancestors' surnames, which not only embodies the traditional culture, but also highlights the theme of "ancestor worship". It is the largest ancestral temple of several people in China and the first people's memorial hall in the world. There are also a large number of genealogy, genealogy, ancestral tablet inscriptions, tombstone inscriptions, village history surveys, population surveys, etc. There are ten cabinets on the altar, including 433 surname cards.

Sacrificial square is located in front of "one hall and two pavilions", with a width of 99 meters from east to west and a length of 93 meters from north to south, with a construction area of 9,207 square meters. It is paved with bluestone slabs and can accommodate 10,000 people.

Traceability museum? From the "root" screen wall along the road to the east, there are three groups of immigrant scene sculptures. The first group of sculptures, imperial court resolutions, shows the scene of Zhu Yuanzhang obeying the minister of the DPRK and ordering the relocation of the people. The second group of sculptures "Under the Big Sophora Tree", officials are going through the immigration formalities, and the old man is saying goodbye to his children; The third group, Endless Stories, the young able-bodied men who moved out in those years have become old people and are telling touching stories to future generations.

These three groups of immigrant scene sculptures vividly show us the history of immigrants under the locust tree. The immigrants in the Ming Dynasty were unprecedented official immigrants, which lasted for 50 years from the second year of Zhu Yuanzhang's Hongwu to the fifteenth year of Judy's Yongle. According to official records, there were 18 large-scale collective immigrants organized by the government alone, and the number of immigrants reached more than 1 10,000, which reached the level of China's immigration history in terms of time, geographical scope, organization scale and number of immigrants.

Reasons for the Great Immigration in Ming Dynasty

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, peasants revolted against the brutal rule of the Yuan Dynasty, while the Yuan Army brutally suppressed the peasant army by "pulling out the land and killing the city", resulting in "ten deaths in northern Anhui, northern Henan, Shandong and northern Jiangsu", "the central plains States are piled up into mountains with few residents" and "the bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in thousands of miles" in Shandong. There was no war in Shanxi at that time, and there were few disasters and epidemics. There is a bumper harvest every year and the economy is prosperous. Many refugees from neighboring provinces have flowed into Shanxi, with a prosperous population. In the 13th year of Hongwu (138 1), the total population of China was 59,873,305, while the population of Shanxi reached 4103,450, equivalent to the combined population of Hebei and Henan. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang decided to emigrate from Shanxi to sparsely populated areas according to the ratio of "one family of four, two families of six and three families of eight".

After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, Judy, the prince of Yan, opposed Zhu Yunwen's measures to "cut the vassal". From Beijing to Nanjing, wherever Yan Bing went, he plundered and slaughtered, and villages and towns were in ruins. People either kill or run away. The four-year war further aggravated the desolation of the Central Plains. This is another reason why three emperors from Hongwu to Yongle migrated in the Ming Dynasty.

The first game in the world, the scenic toilet. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, people moved away from the locust tree in Hongdong, and people did not want to leave their hometown. In order to prevent people from escaping on the way, the army tied people together with ropes, and people had to untie their hands when they wanted to go to the toilet. So it's called jieshou.

Attend parents' funeral ceremony seriously and follow their proper sacrifices.

Home is thriving.

"Ode to the Flowers of Ancient Huai" Screen Wall

Passing through the hall evolved from the gate of the old park after several expansions. It's not a door, but it can act as a partition. The five rooms are three open and one open, the gatehouse is covered with glass, and the kissing animals are complete. Couplet: Now look up at the nest and sit down and talk about Mulberry's feelings. Write two poems under the eaves.

First, because of the theory of life and death, both of them are the country of Yang Hou. Mo Daoyuan has no textual research, and the private account is the most true.

Second: You Yan and Lu Yu merged, and different factions recognized the same origin. So the old legend tells anecdotes and asks you what your feet mean.

The relief map of immigrants, with the big pagoda tree as the background, is: the beginning of immigrants, the farewell of immigrants and the migration of immigrants. There are words in the middle, and the pictures are interpreted in words, which complement each other. This paper specifically tells the reasons for the migration of Sophora japonica and the scenes of people leaving their homes for migration.

Archway, built in the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), is engraved with "Letter from Yu Yan" on the front and "Shadow of Generations" on the back.

"Letter from Yu Yan" said that with the migration of descendants of Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica also enjoyed a high reputation at home and abroad. There are two poems on both sides: "Xifen is surrounded by nine rivers and mountains, and green water and clear streams." The gathering of humanities is called Xanadu, and it goes through the hometown. "

"The ancient road leans against the sunset, and the pagoda suddenly inserts clouds. The name of the Bird's Nest has been passed down from generation to generation for a long time, and the name of Gaojian Monument is fragrant.

"Juyin" means that in the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Yuan Shikai sent soldiers from three towns in Lu Yongxiang south along the ancient post road from Taiyuan, marched into Pingyang (Linfen), attacked the Shanxi Revolutionary Army, and plundered all the way. When they came to the locust tree in Hongdong, the officers and men stopped, and they rumored to each other that they had "returned to their hometown in Hongdong". The people of Hongdong avoided a military disaster and man-made disaster because of this big locust tree.

Jiazi landscape wall

Built on the site of the first generation of Sophora japonica, this pavilion is 10.05 feet high and over 2 feet 4 inches wide. The crown of the tablet is engraved with the word "memorial" carved by Panlong, and the five official words "ancient Sophora flowers" are engraved on the tablet. There is a couplet on both sides:

Expand the territory and expand the road to Shan Ye; Tracing back to the source of the newspaper, Gong Ming, Zhao Dexing and China.

The ancient post gate was built on the original post road in the eighth year of the Republic of China. At that time, immigrants moved to different places along this official road. The words "colonial legacy" are engraved on the door of the post office (colonization here means reproduction), indicating that this is a place where ancestors thrive and inherit customs. This road was the North-South official road at that time, also known as the post road, and it was the only way to Taiyuan.

According to the identification of archaeologists, the Millennium Sophora flavescens grew in the Song and Yuan Dynasties 1000 years ago, long before the immigrants in the early Ming Dynasty. The roots of Sophora japonica are 6.2 meters high, of which the exposed part is 4.2 meters. The roots of Sophora japonica are staggered, and their images are peculiar, which can make people have rich associations. This is the root of a rare ancient pagoda tree.

Shijingfu is a kind of ancient Buddhist stone carving, which was built in the Tang Dynasty. It is made up of many stone carvings. The post was covered with a tray with curtains and ribbons engraved on it. The column body is engraved with Dalagni Scriptures and Buddha statues. This stone scripture-collecting building is the only relic of Guangji Temple, which has a history of more than 800 years and is the only witness of the relocation of the people in the Ming Dynasty. It is made of bluestone, with an octagonal plane, four floors and fifteen levels and a height of 9.4 meters. It is a treasure of carving art in the Jin Dynasty.

According to records, the imitation locust tree (the first generation locust tree) is located on the left side of the mountain gate of Guangji Temple, which was the place where people handled business when they moved in the early Ming Dynasty. According to records, there was a "daughter-in-law" around the pagoda tree at that time, that is to say, seven men and one woman held hands and hugged each other, one was five feet long and the other was four and a half feet long, so this new plastic pagoda tree was nearly 40 feet long and had a diameter of 13 feet.

Guangji Temple was built in the second year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty. It was originally located in Yong 'anli, Hongtong City, and then moved to Fenhe River in Jia Cun between Jincheng and Miko Wu. At that time, Guangji Temple was large-scale, with a large number of monks and nuns and strong incense. There are Tianwang Hall, Daxiong Hall, Sanmiao, Dharma Hall, Tibetan Scripture Building, Galapagos Hall, Ancestral Hall, Zen Hall, Abbot and Bell and Drum Tower. There are also Zhaitang, Guest Hall, Bedroom Hall, Tea Room and Yanshou Hall.

Guangjisi mountain gate

Sakyamuni temple

bell tower

drum tower

Tan Siyuan

The Traceability Pavilion, located on the west side of the ancestral hall and built symmetrically with Wangxiang Pavilion, is the west pavilion of "one hall and two pavilions", the main building of Sophora japonica. The building model is an antique pyramid-shaped roof with three eaves and two floors, and the upper floor is connected with the ancestor worship hall through a climbing corridor. Tracing the source of justice is intended to trace the historical facts of immigrants and appreciate the merits of ancestors.

The Chinese Surname Garden is mainly organized according to the origin, development and evolution of Chinese surnames and the 1 1969 surnames used by 56 ethnic groups since ancient times, including Wang Jun, Tang Hao, Tang Lian and Jia Xun.

Folk village sculpture

Ming Dynasty quadrangles in folk villages

Kuixinglou, according to Hanshu, Kuixinglou is the "God" in ancient myths and legends, which dominates the literary movement. Kuixing Building is a sacred place dedicated to Kuixing in ancient villages. The scholar worships Kuixing in Kuixing Building, praying to be on the imperial examination list. Tallinn: His list of dragons and tigers ranks first.

Huaishuzhuang archway "realized"

Lianhuatang

In the Old Stork Nest, there is a folk song called "Ask where my ancestors came from, Sophora japonica in Hongdong, Shanxi". What's your ancestral home? Old storks nest under the big locust tree. " The old stork's nest is a complex, a symbol of the hometown where the descendants of immigrants haunt, and a totem of their ancestral home.