Lincoln's declaration of independence is very much needed.

Declaration of Independence of Thirteen Colonies

Declaration of Independence of Thirteen Colonies

In Congress, July 4th, 1776

The unanimous declaration of the thirteen States of the United States of America,

When it is necessary for a nation to break the political ties that link them with another nation in the process of human activities and assume the independent and equal status given to them by the laws of nature and the God of nature in the power of the earth, decent respect for human opinions requires them to announce the reasons for their separation.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, and that the creator has endowed them with certain inalienable rights, including the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. In order to ensure these rights, the government is established among people, and its legitimate power comes from the consent of the ruled. Whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these goals, the people have the right to change or abolish it, and establish a new government to lay its foundation and organize its power in the principles and forms that seem most likely to affect their safety and happiness. In fact, prudence will determine that the long-term government should not be changed for minor and short-term reasons; Therefore, all experience shows that human beings are more inclined to suffer, and evil can be tolerated, rather than correcting themselves by abolishing their customary forms. However, when a series of abuse of power and extortion in pursuit of the same goal show that someone is trying to put them under absolute autocracy, they have the right and obligation to overthrow such a government and provide new guarantees for their future security. -this is the patience of these colonies; This is the necessity of forcing them to change their previous government system now. The history of the King of Great Britain (George III) today is a history of constant injury and usurpation, and the direct goal of all this is to establish an absolute tyranny in these States. To prove this, let the facts be submitted to a just world.

He refused to approve the laws that were most beneficial and necessary for the public interest.

He forbade his governors to pass laws of direct and urgent importance unless they suspended their operation until his consent should be obtained; When so paused, he completely ignored them.

He refused to adopt other laws to accommodate the people in most areas, unless these people gave up their representation in the legislature. This right is immeasurable to them, and only tyrants are afraid.

He called the legislature in unusual places, uncomfortable and far from their public records, with the sole purpose of fatiguing them to abide by his measures.

He dissolved the House of Representatives many times because they firmly opposed his violation of people's rights.

He refused for a long time, and after such dissolution, others were elected; The indestructible legislative power has returned to the people and is exercised by them; At the same time, the country still faces the danger of foreign invasion and internal turmoil.

He tried to stop the population of these States; To this end, obstruct the naturalization law of foreigners; Refuse to pass other bills to encourage immigrants and improve the conditions for new land allocation.

He refused to approve the law establishing judicial power, which hindered the implementation of justice.

He makes judges completely dependent on his will in terms of term of office, salary and payment.

He set up many new offices and sent a large number of officials here to harass our people and eat their materials.

He kept a standing army among us in peacetime without the consent of our legislature.

He tried to make the army independent of and above the civilian regime.

He joined forces with others to put us under a jurisdiction that has nothing to do with our constitution and is not recognized by our laws; Allow them to pretend to legislate:

A large number of armed forces are stationed among us;

To protect them from any murder through mock trials, they should treat the residents of these countries:

Cut off our trade with the rest of the world;

Tax us without our consent;

In many cases, we are deprived of the benefits of jury trial:

Send us overseas to be tried on fake charges;

Abolish the free system of British law in neighboring provinces, establish an arbitrary government there, and expand its borders, making it an example and a suitable tool to introduce the same absolute rule to these colonies immediately:

Cancel our charter, abolish our most valuable laws, and fundamentally change the form of our government:

Suspend our own legislature and declare that they have the right to legislate for us under any circumstances.

He abandoned the government here, declared that we were not protected by him, and launched a war against us.

He plundered our oceans, ravaged our coasts, burned down our towns and destroyed the lives of our people.

At this time, he is transporting a large number of foreign mercenaries to complete the work of death, desolation and tyranny. His cruelty and treachery are rare in the most barbaric times, and he is totally unworthy to be the head of a civilized country.

He forced our compatriots captured on the high seas to take up arms against their country, become executioners of their friends and brothers, or die at their hands.

He incited domestic rebellion among us, and tried his best to provoke the residents of our frontier, the ruthless Indian barbarians. Their rules of war were to kill them regardless of age, sex and conditions.

At every stage of these oppression, we ask for compensation in the most humble way: our repeated requests are only met with repeated injuries. A monarch, if his character is branded by every behavior that can be defined as a tyrant, is not worthy to be the ruler of a free nation.

We are not lacking in care for our English brothers. We warn them from time to time that their legislature is trying to extend the jurisdiction of unw to us. We have reminded them of our immigration and settlement here. We call on them to be born just and magnanimous, and we call them to deny these encroachments with our common blood relationship, which will inevitably interrupt our contact and communication. They also turned a deaf ear to the voice of justice and blood. Therefore, we must tacitly condemn the necessity of our separation and regard them as enemies in war and friends in peace, just like other human beings.

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Therefore, we, the representatives of the United States of in the name of people, gathered together at the plenary meeting to ask the highest judge in the world for the correctness of our intentions, and solemnly published and announced that these unified colonies are, and have the right to be, free and independent countries with the kindness and authority of these colonies; They have been exempted from all loyalty to the British royal family, and all political ties between them and the British countries have been and should be completely lifted; As free and independent countries, they have full power to wage war, conclude peace, conclude alliances, establish commerce, and do all other acts and things that an independent country may do. In order to support this declaration, we firmly believe in the protection of God, and we swear to each other with our lives, property and sacred honor.

The signatories of the Declaration represent the new country as follows:

New Hampshire (NH)

Josiah bartlett, William whipple, Matthew Thornton

Massachusetts

John hancock, samur Adams, john adams, rob terry Paine, Elbridge Gerry.

rhode island

William ellery Stephen Hopkins

Connecticut

Roger sherman, samuel huntington, william williams, Oliver Walcott

New York

William Freud, Philip Livingston, Francis Lewis, Lewis Morris

New Jersey

Richard stockton, john witherspoon, Francis Hopkinson, john hart, abraham clark.

Pennsylvania (PA)

Robert morris, Benjamin Rush, Benjamin Franklin, john morton, george clymer, james smith, George Taylor, james wilson and George Ross.

the delaware river

Caesar Rodney, George Reid, Thomas McCann

Maryland

Samuel chase, William Paka, Thomas Si Tong, Charles Carroll of Carrollton.

Virginia

George Weiss, Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Harrison, Thomas Nelson Jr., Francis Lightfoot Lee, carter braxton.

North Carolina (NC)

William Hooper, Joseph Hughes, john payne

South Carolina (SC)

Edward rutledge, thomas hayward Jr., Thomas Lynch Jr., Arthur Middleton

Georgia

Barton Gwennett, Lyman Hall, George Walton

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United States Declaration of Independence

The war between Britain and its American colonies began in April 1775. As the war continued, the hope of reconciliation gradually disappeared, and complete independence became the goal of the colony. 1776 On June 7th, at a meeting of the Continental Congress, Richard Henry Lee of Virginia put forward a motion, declaring: "These colonies are free and independent countries, and according to their rights, they must be free and independent countries. On June 10, the Continental Congress appointed a committee to draft the Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson was in charge of the actual drafting. On July 4th, the Declaration of Independence was adopted and sent to the parliaments of 13 states for signature and approval.

The Declaration of Independence consists of three parts: the first part expounds the political philosophy-the philosophy of democracy and freedom, which is profound and touching; The second part lists some concrete examples of injustice to prove that George III destroyed American freedom. The third part solemnly declares independence and swears to support the declaration.

Continental Congress (1July 4, 776)

The Declaration of Independence unanimously adopted by thirteen American states.

In the development of human affairs, when a nation must break its political ties with another nation out of respect for human public opinion and accept an independent and equal position in all countries of the world according to the laws of nature and the will of God, it must announce the reasons why they have to be independent.

We hold the following truth to be self-evident: all men are created equal, and the creator endowed them with certain inalienable rights, including the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. In order to protect these rights, human beings have established a government in it, and the legal power of the government is generated with the consent of the ruled. When any form of government is destructive to these goals, the people have the right to change or abolish it in order to establish a new government; The principles it is based on and the way it organizes power make people think that only in this way can their safety and happiness be the most possible. To be prudent, the government that has been established for many years should not be changed for secondary and short-term reasons. All past experience also shows that human beings would rather endure any suffering, as long as it is tolerable, and have no intention of abolishing the government to which they have long been accustomed for their own rights and interests. However, when a series of abuse of power and extortion in pursuit of the same goal prove that the government is trying to put the people under autocratic rule, then the people have the right and obligation to overthrow the government and establish new guarantees for their future security-this is the situation that these colonies resigned in the past, and this is why they have to change the previous government system now. The history of the king of Great Britain today is a continuous history of injustice and usurpation. The sole purpose of these atrocities is to establish tyranny in these countries. In order to prove the truth, announce the following facts to the just world-

He refused to approve the laws that were most beneficial and necessary for the public interest.

He prohibited his governor from approving urgent and extremely necessary laws, or put them on hold for the time being, waiting for his consent; And once these laws were shelved, he completely ignored them.

He refused to approve other laws that are convenient for people in vast areas unless those people are willing to give up their representation in the legislature; But this right is of inestimable value to them, and only tyrants fear this right.

He called state legislatures to an unusual and inconvenient place far from their archives for the sole purpose of exhausting them and having to obey his will.

He dissolved the state legislature many times because they opposed his violation of people's rights with fearless perseverance.

After the dissolution of the state legislature, he refused to elect a new parliament for a long time; However, legislative power cannot be abolished, so this power is still exercised by ordinary people. At that time, countries were still in danger, suffering from foreign aggression and worrying about civil strife.

He tried his best to curb the population growth in our States; To this end, he blocked the adoption of the naturalization law for foreigners, refused to approve his law to encourage foreigners to emigrate to the United States, and improved the conditions for allocating new land.

He refused to approve the law establishing judicial power, which hindered the implementation of judicial work.

He put the tenure, salary and remuneration of judges under his will.

He set up a new government office, sent a large number of officials, harassed our people and exhausted the people's necessary living materials.

He maintained a standing army among us in peacetime without the consent of our legislature.

He tried to make the army independent of civil affairs.

He colluded with some people and put us under a jurisdiction that is not suitable for our system and is not recognized by our laws; He also approved all kinds of fake bills concocted by those people to achieve the following purposes:

A large number of armed forces are stationed among us;

Cover them up with false trials, so that they can kill the residents of our States and still get away with it;

Cut off our trade with the rest of the world;

Tax us without our consent;

In many cases, we are deprived of the rights and interests of the jury system;

Fabricating charges and escorting us overseas for trial;

Abolish the British liberal legal system in a neighboring province, establish an authoritarian government there, and expand the border of the province in an attempt to turn the province into a model and a handy tool, so as to further extend the same totalitarian rule to the colonies here; Cancel our charter, abolish our most precious laws, and fundamentally change the form of our state governments; Suspend our own legislature from exercising its power and claim that they have the right to make laws for us on all issues.

He announced that we were no longer under his protection and fought with us, thus giving up the government affairs here.

He plundered our waters, ravaged our coastal areas, burned down our towns and ruined the lives of our people.

At this time, he was transporting a large number of foreign mercenaries to complete the slaughter, destruction and rampant activities. This kind of activity has already begun, and its cruelty and meanness are hard to find a precedent even in the most barbaric times. He is totally unworthy of being the head of a civilized country.

He captured our compatriots on the high seas, forced them to take up arms against their country, became the initiator of killing their relatives and friends, or died at their hands.

He incited civil strife among us and tried to provoke those ruthless and uncivilized Indians to slaughter and plunder the residents we were chasing; As we all know, the Indian's fighting principle is that all men, women and children will be killed.

At every stage of these oppression, we demand improvement with the most humble words; However, repeated requests get repeated injuries. When a monarch's character is branded as a tyrant, he is not worthy to be the ruler of a free nation.

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It's not that we don't care about our brothers in England. We often remind them that their legislature is trying to impose unreasonable jurisdiction on us. We also told them that we immigrated and settled here. We once called on them to have a natural sense of justice and generosity, and we begged them to give up these predatory behaviors for the sake of the same clan and not to affect their relations and exchanges. But they also turned a deaf ear to this call for justice and blood. Therefore, we really want to break off relations with them and treat them like other nationalities in the world: fighting with us is the enemy; Make up with us and you will be friends.

Therefore, we, the representatives of the United States of in the name of people, gathered under the Continental Congress, appealed to the highest justice in the world with the goodwill of the colonies without their authorization, explained our solemn intentions, and solemnly announced at the same time; These United colonies are free and independent countries from now on. According to their rights, they must be free and independent countries. They canceled all loyalty obligations to the British royal family, and all political relations between them and the British country were cut off from now on, and they must be cut off; As free and independent countries, they have every right to declare war, conclude peace, form alliances, trade and take all actions that independent countries have the right to take.

In order to support this declaration, we firmly believe in God's blessing and swear to each other with our lives, property and sacred reputation.